Retrospective Analysis of Severe Dengue by Dengue Virus Serotypes in a Population with Social Security, Mexico 2023.

BACKGROUND: Risk factors for severe dengue manifestations have been attributed to various factors, including specific serotypes, sex, and age. Mexico has seen the re-emergence of DENV-3, which has not circulated in a decade. OBJECTIVE: To describe dengue serotypes by age, sex, and their association with disease severity in dengue-positive serum samples from epidemiological surveillance system units. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the frequency of dengue severity by sex, age, disease quarter, geographical location, and dengue virus serotypes. The study was conducted using laboratory samples from confirmed dengue cases through RT-qPCR from the epidemiological surveillance laboratory network of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico. Simple frequencies and proportions were calculated using the z-test for proportional differences between groups. Bivariate analysis with adjusted Chi2 was performed, and binary logistic regression models were constructed using the forward Wald method considering the model's predictive capacity. The measure of association was the odds ratio, with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set to an alpha level of <0.05. RESULTS: In 2023, 10,441 samples were processed for dengue RT-qPCR at the IMSS, with a predominance of serotype DENV-3 (64.4%). The samples were mostly from women (52.0%) and outpatient cases (63.3%). The distribution of dengue severity showed significant variations by age, with a lower proportion of severe cases in young children and a higher proportion in the 5- to 14-year-old group. Hospitalizations increased significantly with severity. Warm regions had more cases overall and severity. Cases were most frequent from July to September. While DENV-2 was associated with severity, DENV-4 was not. Binary regression identified higher risk in women, age extremes, and DENV-2, with an overall predictive model of 58.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Women, age groups at the extremes of life, and the DENV-2 serotype presented severe risk of dengue in a population with social security in Mexico during 2023.

[Revista Médica del IMSS: Institutional heritage and Important reference]. / Revista Médica del IMSS: patrimonio institucional e importante referente formativo.

In a context that has tended towards globalization, in which obtaining economic resources is usually the driving force of societies, information resources have frequently been treated as private goods for which one must pay. A strategy for the above has been open and free access to information, a factor of great importance for the construction of more open media.

En un contexto que ha tendido a lo globalizado, en el que la obtención de recursos económicos suele ser el motor de las sociedades, los recursos de información han sido tratados con frecuencia como bienes privados por los que hay que pagar. Una estrategia a lo anterior ha sido el acceso abierto y gratuito a la información, un factor de gran importancia para la construcción de medios más abiertos.

Axillary staging and management of cN + breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: results of a survey among breast cancer surgeons in Spain.

INTRODUCTION: Given the high rate of complete nodal response, the role of axillary lymph node dissection on staging the axilla has been questioned. This survey, addressed to breast cancer surgeons in Spain, has the objective of assessing current clinical trends on axillary staging of cN + patients treated with NAC. METHODS: An online survey was conducted among breast surgeons from the Spanish Society of Surgery (AEC), Spanish Surgical Oncology Society (SEOQ), Spanish Breast Cancer Surgeons Society (AECIMA) and Spanish Gynecology and Obstetrics Society (SEGO). It was structured in 5 sections: general information and clinical practice, knowledge of clinical trials, diagnosis work-up and nodal marking, axillary staging, and axillary treatment. RESULTS: 150 breast cancer surgeons completed the full survey (96.7%). 81.8% of respondents performed SLNB or targeted axillary dissection in cN1 patients treated with NAC. Radiological axillary response was the preferred parameter guiding the surgical strategy. The excision of the clipped node (92.0%), use of dual tracer (73.2%), and axillary US (65.9%) after treatment were the most important variables considered by respondents, to increase the accuracy of SLNB in cN + patients. CONCLUSION: This survey confirms a trend toward a less invasive approach for axillary staging in cN + patients treated with NAC among breast cancer surgeons in Spain. While there is widespread agreement in less invasive approaches to axillary staging, there is, however, a lack of consensus around treatment strategy. Further, it shows a wide heterogeneity in their clinical practice. This study highlights the need for clear evidence concerning less invasive staging procedures and their oncological safety, to ensure consistent recommendations in surgical practice.

[Physical inactivity in young people during home confinement due to COVID-19]. / Inactividad física en jóvenes durante el confinamiento en casa debido a la COVID-19.

Background: Physical inactivity is a highly prevalent condition in the world and has been associated with increased susceptibility to develop comorbidities and present with severe respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. Objective: To identify the factors present in the family environment and the personal reasons associated with physical inactivity in young people during confinement at home due to COVID-19. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1,326 young people, ages 15 - 18. To collect information, a questionnaire was constructed using the Google Forms tool and distributed through the WhatsApp application and email to collect the information. Results: The prevalence of physical inactivity was 43.4%. Approximately 24.4% were overweight, and 8.8% were obese. Near 43.0% of young people reported living in an environment with a dysfunctional family. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that suffering from obesity, does not have space at home, or devices to exercise and present a change in emotions, are related to the physical inactivity of young people during confinement at home due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: It is important to promote a harmonious environment within the family and the personal development of a healthy lifestyle, during the period of application of the contingency plan due to the presence of a pandemic, in order to maintain a better healthy physical and mental state.

Introducción: la inactividad física es una condición altamente prevalente en el mundo y ha sido asociada con una mayor susceptibilidad para desarrollar comorbilidades y presentar síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo por COVID-19. Objetivo: identificar los factores presentes en el entorno familiar y los motivos personales asociados a la inactividad física en jóvenes durante el confinamiento en casa debido a la COVID-19. Material y métodos: mediante un estudio transversal se analizaron los datos de 1326 jóvenes de 15 a 18 años. Para la recogida de la información se construyó un cuestionario mediante la herramienta de Google Forms y se distribuyó a través de la aplicación de WhatsApp y por correo electrónico. Resultados: la prevalencia de inactividad física fue del 43.4%. Aproximadamente, el 24.4% sufría de sobrepeso y el 8.8% de obesidad. El 42.8% de los jóvenes declaró vivir en el ambiente de una familia disfuncional. El análisis de regresión logística multivariado mostró que tener obesidad, no contar con espacio en casa, ni aparatos para realizar ejercicio y presentar un cambio en las emociones, se relaciona con la inactividad física de los jóvenes durante el confinamiento en casa. Conclusión: es importante promover un ambiente armónico en el seno familiar, así como el desarrollo personal de un estilo de vida saludable durante el periodo de aplicación del plan de contingencia debido a la presencia de una pandemia, con la finalidad de mantener un mejor estado físico y mental saludable.

[Farewell to a great doctor and extraordinary believer, creator of Quality of Care: Dr. Héctor Aguirre Gas]. / Despedida a un gran médico y extraordinario creyente, creador de la Calidad de la Atención: Dr. Héctor Aguirre Gas.

From these lines a farewell is expressed to Dr. Héctor Gerardo Aguirre Gas, excellent doctor and great exponent of the Quality of Medical Care and Patient Safety, trained and servant in the medical services of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), noble companion and friend. A man with universal ethical values and a straight and humble figure, active and bold behavior, committed to serving others.

Desde estas líneas se expresa una despedida al Dr. Héctor Gerardo Aguirre Gas, excelente médico y gran exponente de la Calidad de la Atención Médica y Seguridad del Paciente, formado y servidor en los servicios médicos del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), noble compañero y amigo. Un hombre con valores éticos universales y una figura recta y sencilla, proceder activo y audaz, empeñado en servir al prójimo.

Educación tanatológica en Enfermería / Thanatological education in Nursing

Todo paciente terminal y su entorno pasan por una difícil situación que involucra la muerte, el dolor y la decisión. Para cualquier profesional de la salud es necesario contar con los conocimientos necesarios acerca de los cuidados tanatológicos al paciente o familia, para lograr incrementar el grado de conciencia en lo concerniente a su significado, divulgación y accesibilidad, teniendo en cuenta que es importante la comprensión de dichos cuidados. Los cuidados tanatológicos ante situaciones terminales son la expresión y el cumplimiento de un servicio indispensable en determinadas circunstancias de la vida. El acompañamiento en la última fase de la vida debe ser comprendido con la naturaleza y el conocimiento necesario, por lo que toda escuela que forme recursos en salud debe ofrecer al alumno las herramientas adecuadas para que, a su egreso como profesional de la salud, pueda atender correctamente al paciente en esta fase. La profesión de Enfermería se ha caracterizado por su gran labor humanística, por el ímpetu de aminorar el dolor de todo enfermo, comprendiendo el eje bio-psico-social que rodea a todo paciente y su enfermedad. En el camino asistencial de todo enfermo, el personal de Enfermería juega un rol muy importante al estar en mayor contacto con el paciente, es en este punto donde dos ciencias (Enfermería y Tanatología) se unen para asistir decorosamente a pacientes terminales. Las escuelas formadoras de capital humano en salud deben enfocarse en esta nueva necesidad de la sociedad y crear modelos de atención específicos para pacientes terminales.

Every terminal patient and their environment go through a difficult situation, death, pain and decision. For any health professional, it is necessary to have the necessary knowledge about thanatological care for the individual or family, in order to increase the degree of awareness regarding its meaning, dissemination and accessibility, taking into account that it is important to understand said care. Thanatological care in terminal situations is the expression and fulfillment of an essential service in certain life circumstances. The accompaniment in the last phase of life must be understood with the nature and the necessary knowledge, so that every school that trains health resources must have the correct training so that the health professional who graduates can properly attend to the patient In this phase. The nursing profession has been characterized for many years by its great humanistic work, by the impetus to reduce the pain of every patient, understanding the bio-psycho-social axis that surrounds every patient and their illness. In the care path of every patient, the nursing staff plays a very important role by being in greater contact with the patient, it is at this point where two sciences (nursing and tanology) come together to decently assist terminal patients. Schools that train human capital in health should focus on this new need of society and create specific care models for terminal patients.

[First steps of medical administration at the IMSS]. / Primeros pasos de la administración médica en el IMSS.

The creation of an institution as large as the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) required a lot of planning to manage all the benefits provided to the population. Thus, it is necessary to have health personnel with knowledge and experience in health services administration. This manuscript is an acknowledgment to doctors Manuel Barquín Calderón, Antonio Ríos Vargas and Carlos Zamarripa Torres, pioneers and recognized protagonists in the planning and organization (administration) of the IMSS medical services between 1945 and 1955, who also had rational initiatives and constructive, doing their duty. On the other hand, the Institute exposed and projected that medical-administrative activities were a complex task, and that its practice required specialized knowledge that could not be left to chance, empiricism, good will, beliefs or nonobjective imagination.

La creación de una organización tan grande como el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) requirió de mucha planeación para lograr administrar todas las prestaciones que se brindan a la población. Siendo así una necesidad contar con personal de salud con conocimientos y experiencia en administración en servicios de salud. El presente manuscrito es un reconocimiento a los doctores Manuel Barquín Calderón, Antonio Ríos Vargas y Carlos Zamarripa Torres, pioneros y protagonistas reconocidos en la planeación y organización (administración) de los servicios médicos del IMSS entre 1945 y 1955, quienes además tuvieron iniciativas racionales y constructivas, cumpliendo con su deber. Por otro lado, el Instituto expuso y proyectó que las actividades médico-administrativas eran una tarea compleja, y que su práctica necesitaba conocimientos especializados que no podían dejarse al azahar, al empirismo, a la buena voluntad, a las creencias o a la imaginación no objetiva.

Primeros pasos de la administración médica en el IMSS / First steps of medical administration at the IMSS

La creación de una organización tan grande como el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) requirió de mucha planeación para lograr administrar todas las prestaciones que se brindan a la población. Siendo así una necesidad contar con personal de salud con conocimientos y experiencia en administración en servicios de salud. El presente manuscrito es un reconocimiento a los doctores Manuel Barquín Calderón, Antonio Ríos Vargas y Carlos Zamarripa Torres, pioneros y protagonistas reconocidos en la planeación y organización (administración) de los servicios médicos del IMSS entre 1945 y 1955, quienes además tuvieron iniciativas racionales y constructivas, cumpliendo con su deber. Por otro lado, el Instituto expuso y proyectó que las actividades médico-administrativas eran una tarea compleja, y que su práctica necesitaba conocimientos especializados que no podían dejarse al azahar, al empirismo, a la buena voluntad, a las creencias o a la imaginación no objetiva.

The creation of an institution as large as the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) required a lot of planning to manage all the benefits provided to the population. Thus, it is necessary to have health personnel with knowledge and experience in health services administration. This manuscript is an acknowledgment to doctors Manuel Barquín Calderón, Antonio Ríos Vargas and Carlos Zamarripa Torres, pioneers and recognized protagonists in the planning and organization (administration) of the IMSS medical services between 1945 and 1955, who also had rational initiatives and constructive, doing their duty. On the other hand, the Institute exposed and projected that medical-administrative activities were a complex task, and that its practice required specialized knowledge that could not be left to chance, empiricism, good will, beliefs or nonobjective imagination.

[Dengue in COVID-19 era]. / Dengue en tiempos de COVID-19.

There are various communicable diseases that continuously affect the homeostasis of society, including vector-borne diseases that despite having special programs for epidemiological surveillance are a challenge for health systems, such as dengue, which persists in various endemic areas in Mexico.

Existen diversas enfermedades transmisibles que afectan continuamente la homeostasis de la sociedad, entre ellas las enfermedades transmitidas por vector que, a pesar de contar con programas especiales para la vigilancia epidemiológica, siguen siendo un reto para los sistemas de salud, como es el caso del dengue, que persiste en diversas áreas endémicas en México.

[Epidemiology in modern times]. / Epidemiología en tiempos modernos.

The constant advance of diseases, as well as the continuous socio-demographic change has made medical sciences to dig deep in the field of causal research and prevention. For this, epidemiology, whose main axis is to break paradigms, has undergone a very rapid evolution worldwide. Health challenges are becoming greater, which is why training more specialists in epidemiology is a priority need.

El constante avance de las enfermedades, así como el continuo cambio sociodemográfico ha obligado a las ciencias médicas a profundizar en el campo de la investigación de la causalidad y la prevención. Para ello, la epidemiología, cuyo eje principal es romper paradigmas, ha sufrido una evolución muy rápida a nivel mundial. Los retos en salud cada vez son mayores, por lo que la formación de más especialistas en epidemiología es una necesidad prioritaria.

[The key is in the words]. / La clave está en las palabras.

What is the role of keywords in a scholarly article? What are they for? Are keywords and descriptors the same? In this editorial those and other questions related to the use of keywords are answered, in order for the authors of scholarly articles to choose them properly so that they can guide their potential readers and increase the visibility of their article, which can lead to its citation.

¿Cuál es la función de las palabras clave en un artículo científico? ¿Para qué sirven? ¿Son lo mismo que los descriptores? En el presente editorial se responden esas y otras preguntas relacionadas con el uso de las palabras clave, a fin de que los autores de artículos científicos las elijan de una mejor manera para guiar a sus potenciales lectores y aumentar la visibilidad de su artículo, lo cual puede incrementar las probabilidades de que sea citado.

Dengue en tiempos de COVID-19 / Dengue in COVID-19 era

Existen diversas enfermedades transmisibles que afectan continuamente la homeostasis de la sociedad, entre ellas las enfermedades transmitidas por vector que, a pesar de contar con programas especiales para la vigilancia epidemiológica, siguen siendo un reto para los sistemas de salud, como es el caso del dengue, que persiste en diversas áreas endémicas en México

There are various communicable diseases that continuously affect the homeostasis of society, including vector-borne diseases that despite having special programs for epidemiological surveillance are a challenge for health systems, such as dengue, which persists in various endemic areas in Mexico.

Epidemiología en tiempos modernos / Epidemiology in modern times

El constante avance de las enfermedades, así como el continuo cambio sociodemográfico ha obligado a las ciencias médicas a profundizar en el campo de la investigación de la causalidad y la prevención. Para ello, la epidemiología, cuyo eje principal es romper paradigmas, ha sufrido una evolución muy rápida a nivel mundial. Los retos en salud cada vez son mayores, por lo que la formación de más especialistas en epidemiología es una necesidad prioritaria.

The constant advance of diseases, as well as the continuous socio-demographic change has made medical sciences to dig deep in the field of causal research and prevention. For this, epidemiology, whose main axis is to break paradigms, has undergone a very rapid evolution worldwide. Health challenges are becoming greater, which is why training more specialists in epidemiology is a priority need.

[Institutional greatness]. / Grandeza institucional.

After 78 years of having been founded, the Mexican Institute of Social Security has undergone several changes in its structure and dimension, secondary to both population growth and epidemiological and social transitions, in such a way that its growth has been exponential. The institute safeguards the welfare of its beneficiaries through medical, economic and social benefits. Currently, it provides health coverage to more than 60% of the Mexican population through the physical infrastructure and workforce of its 440 000 employees.

Tras 78 años de haber sido fundado, el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ha pasado por diversos cambios en su estructura y dimensión, secundarios tanto al incremento poblacional como a las transiciones epidemiológicas y sociales, de tal manera que su crecimiento ha sido exponencial. El Instituto salvaguarda el bienestar de sus derechohabientes a través de prestaciones médicas, económicas y sociales. En la actualidad brinda una cobertura en salud a más del 60% de la población mexicana a través de la infraestructura física y la fuerza de trabajo de sus 440 mil trabajadores.

La clave está en las palabras / The key is in the words

¿Cuál es la función de las palabras clave en un artículo científico? ¿Para qué sirven? ¿Son lo mismo que los descriptores? En el pre- sente editorial se responden esas y otras preguntas relacionadas con el uso de las palabras clave, a fin de que los autores de artí- culos científicos las elijan de una mejor manera para guiar a sus potenciales lectores y aumentar la visibilidad de su artículo, lo cual puede incrementar las probabilidades de que sea citado.

What is the role of keywords in a scholarly article? What are they for? Are keywords and descriptors the same? In this editorial those and other questions related to the use of keywords are answered, in order for the authors of scholarly articles to choose them properly so that they can guide their potential readers and increase the visibility of their article, which can lead to its citation.

Análisis del cierre marginal en incrustaciones de cerámicas preformadas / Analysis of the marginal closure of preformed ceramic inlays

El propósito de este trabajo fue analizar el cierre marginal de restauraciones semipermanentes de porcelanas para método directo. Para la metodología, se utilizó un diseño experimental verdadero transversal pues se basó en variables con única medición. Los grupos se conformaron al azar. Las unidades de análisis fueron los sistemas adhesivos y el medio de fijación. Las preparaciones de las muestras se basaron en la norma ISO 11405 tanto para la mantención, confección, número de muestras y valoración. La variable utilizada fue la presión ejercida durante la polimerización del medio de fijación. Para la realización de este trabajo se realizó el análisis colorimétrico a través de la penetración de un colorante en las interfases medio de fijación diente o medio de fijación porcelana; y el análisis microscópico de las interfases producidas entre el sistema adhesivo - medio cementante y material de restauración rígida (AU)

The purpose of this work was to analyze the marginal closure of semi-permanent ceramic restorations for direct method. For the methodology, a true cross-section experimental design was used because it was based on variables with only measurement. The groups were formed randomly. The units of analysis were the adhesive systems and the fixing medium. The sample preparations were based on ISO 11405 standard for both maintenance, preparation, number of samples and assessment. The variable used was the pressure exerted during the polymerization of the fixing medium. In order to carry out this work, the colorimetric analysis was carried out through the penetration of a dye in the interfaces between the teeth or the porcelain fixation medium; and the microscopic analysis of the interfaces produced between the adhesive system - cementing medium and rigid restoration material (AU)

Pseudopterosin content variability of the purple sea whip Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae at the islands of San Andres and Providencia (SW Caribbean).

To determine pseudopterosin composition and concentration in colonies of Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae from the islands of San Andres and Providencia, we collected fragments of individual colonies at various sites and depth ranges around the islands. Chromatographic profiles of the polar fraction, particularly those obtained by HPLC-MS analyses, allowed us to recognize two different chemotypes. Chemotype 1 characterized samples from Providencia whereas chemotype 2 characterized samples from San Andres. A complex pseudopterosin mixture (compounds 1-13) characterized chemotype 1. These compounds were isolated by a combination of chromatographic methods and identified by spectroscopic methods (MS, UV, 1H, and 13C NMR). We identified the known pseudopterosins G and K and seco-pseudopterosin A. We also isolated and identified seven new compounds, pseudopterosins P-V, isomers of known pseudopterosins. Pseudopterosins G and K were found at concentrations ranging between 1 and 3% of the animal dry mass. Pseudopterosins Q and U were the major compounds reaching up to 6% of the animal dry mass at some locations. Major metabolites in chemotype 2 had a molecular weight and fragmentation pattern different from that observed in the pseudopterosins, as determined by HPLC-MS. Total pseudopterosin concentration in this chemotype was below 3% dry mass at all sites. Total pseudopterosin concentration was significantly higher in chemotype 1, with concentrations ranging between 4 and 20% dry mass. At most locations on Providencia, however, total pseudopterosin concentration ranged between 11 and 15% dry mass. Concentrations exceed reports from other locations in the Caribbean. Furthermore, pseudopterosin composition in our samples is quite different from those in specimens of P. elisabethae from the Bahamas and Bermuda. Pseudopterosins G, K, and P-V are characteristic of P. elisabethae colonies from the island of Providencia, while pseudopterosins A-D are characteristic of colonies of P. elisabethae from the Bahamas islands, and pseudopterosins E-L have been isolated from P. elisabethae from the Bahamas and Bermuda. The overall morphology of P. elisabethae can be variable, and chemical differences are not correlated to specific morphs. We confirmed the species identity of each colony by morphological and sclerite analysis and found no significant differences in sclerite dimensions among different colonies and chemotypes.

Cerana: inlays de cerámica sin laboratorio / Cerana. Ceramic inlays without laboratory

Las cerámicas dentales con refuerzos permite un avance significativo en las restauraciones rígidas. El sistema Cerana (Nordiska Dental) mostró ser una alternativa prometedora para lograr el reemplazo de restauraciones plásticas en una sola sesión. La técnica requerida permite que pueda ser utilizado por el práctico general

Cerana: inlays de cerámica sin laboratorio / Cerana. Ceramic inlays without laboratory

Las cerámicas dentales con refuerzos permite un avance significativo en las restauraciones rígidas. El sistema Cerana (Nordiska Dental) mostró ser una alternativa prometedora para lograr el reemplazo de restauraciones plásticas en una sola sesión. La técnica requerida permite que pueda ser utilizado por el práctico general (AU)

Evaluación de distintos sistemas adhesivos sobre dentina hipermineralizada / Evaluation of different bonding systems on hypermineralized dentin

En este trabajo se determinaron los valores de resistencia de unión de tres sistemas adhesivos sobre dentinas hipermineralizadas. Los materiales en estudio fueron cuatro adhesivos dentinarios cuyo mecanismo de unión es la capa de hibridación y dos materiales con adhesión específica, uno a través de grupos pirofosfatos y otro por medio de grupos carboxilos. El estudio realizado mostró que los grupos pirofosfatos obtuvieron los mejores valores de resistencia adhesiva sobre las dentinas tratadas