ABSTRACT
Some taxonomic changes are made in Amazonian Stygnidae, based on reinterpretation of generic boundaries: (1) the hitherto monotypic genus Jime Pinto-da-Rocha Tourinho, 2012 is newly recorded from Venezuela: Jime praecursor spec. nov. (Tobogán de la Selva, Amazonas state) is described and a new generic diagnosis is provided. The genital chaetotaxy is interpreted for the two known species of Jime, and (2) three species which have been originally described as Stygnoplus Simon, 1879 are herein newly transferred to Yapacana Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997 (hitherto monotypic): Y. ianomami (Pinto-da-Rocha Tourinho, 2012) comb. nov., Y. neblina (Pinto-da-Rocha Tourinho, 2012) comb. nov., and Y. tapirapeco (Pinto-da-Rocha Tourinho, 2012) comb. nov. A key for identification of males of the genus Yapacana is offered.
Subject(s)
Arachnida/classification , Animals , Genitalia , Male , VenezuelaABSTRACT
Among Opiliones, the family Samoidae Sørensen, 1886 is a group of small Laniatores with a wide tropical distribution. Neotropical samoids are distributed mainly in the Caribbean subregion, with species recorded from insular localities and the Venezuelan coastal range. Previously, for continental South America only three genera and just a few specimens of unidentified Samoidae have been recorded from Brazil. In this paper we describe Maracaynatum isadorae sp. nov., the first record of the genus for Brazil and the first samoid described for the Amazon biome. We also provide an emended diagnosis for the genus and a map with its distribution.
Subject(s)
Arachnida/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Arachnida/anatomy & histology , Arachnida/growth & development , Body Size , Brazil , Caribbean Region , Female , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
Among the Amazonian families of harvestmen the members of Stygnidae are better known due to the recent revision of the family and efforts of specialists describing new taxa in the last few years. Species of Amazonian genus Auranus Mello-Leitão, 1941, have been collected in several inventories that were carried out in different locations of the Amazon basin. In this paper we provide a new diagnosis for Auranus, and the description of two new species: Auranus leonidas sp. nov. and Auranus xerxes sp. nov. from the Brazilian states of Roraima and Amazonas, respectively. We also offer complementary genital descriptions of Auranus hehu Pinto-da-Rocha & Tourinho 2012, Auranus parvus Mello-Leitão, 1941, and Auranus tepui Pinto-da-Rocha & Tourinho 2012. Five species are recognized in Auranus, including the two new species described in this paper. The lamina parva modified into a calyx is proposed as putative synapomorphy for the genus Auranus. Therefore, A. hoeferscovitorum, which does not possess this character, is removed from Auranus. Instead we propose for it the new combination Verrucastygnus hoeferscovitorum comb. nov. We also provide a key to the males of Auranus, and a map with the distribution for all species examined in this work.
Subject(s)
Arachnida/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Arachnida/anatomy & histology , Arachnida/growth & development , Body Size , Brazil , Female , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
We describe Avima anitas sp. nov. based on material collected in the Brazilian state of Roraima, representing the first record of Agoristenidae in the State. The new species differs externally from other species of Avima by presenting one proximal tubercle on the mesal face of the male cheliceral segment II and a pair of dark spots partially covering mesotergal area III-IV. The genital differs from other species by the ventral small setae of the ventral plate, which are trifid instead of uniramous or bifid.
Subject(s)
Animals , Arachnida/anatomy & histology , Arachnida/classification , Biodiversity , Animal Distribution , BrazilABSTRACT
We describe Avima anitas sp. nov. based on material collected in the Brazilian state of Roraima, representing the first record of Agoristenidae in the State. The new species differs externally from other species of Avima by presenting one proximal tubercle on the mesal face of the male cheliceral segment II and a pair of dark spots partially covering mesotergal area III-IV. The genital differs from other species by the ventral small setae of the ventral plate, which are trifid instead of uniramous or bifid.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Arachnida/anatomy & histology , Arachnida/classification , Biodiversity , Animal Distribution , BrazilABSTRACT
In this paper we describe two new species of Phareicranaus Roewer, 1913: Phareicranaus rohei sp. nov. from the state of Amazonas, Brazil and Phareicranaus tizana sp. nov., from the state of Zulia, Venezuela. The number of known species of this genus increases to 47. We discuss and suggest the possible relationships of these species with their relatives and assign them into the clades proposed by Pinto-da-Rocha & Bonaldo (2011). Additionally, we conducted field observations at the type locality of Phareicranaus manauara (Pinto-da-Rocha, 1994), provide the first descriptions of maternal care and gregarious behavior, and discuss the occurrence of this behavior in the genus.
Subject(s)
Arachnida/anatomy & histology , Arachnida/classification , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Maternal Behavior/physiology , Animals , Arachnida/physiology , Brazil , Female , Male , Species Specificity , VenezuelaABSTRACT
SETTING: Primary health care (PHC) centres in four Bolivian regions. OBJECTIVES: To test the feasibility and impact of training general practitioners (GPs) in standard case management of respiratory conditions in patients aged > or =5 years. DESIGN: Comparison of the results of two surveys: the baseline survey before training and the impact survey after training on standard guidelines on case management of respiratory conditions. RESULTS: A total of 78 GPs working in 65 health centres participated in both surveys. The baseline survey registered 1033 respiratory patients and the impact survey 1154. The patients were comparable in sex distribution, previous visits, duration of symptoms and clinical diagnoses. The differences were significant in age distribution, concomitant diseases and risk factors. As a result of training, referrals to a higher level decreased by 34.6% and the proportion of tuberculosis (TB) suspects identified increased by 30%. The number of drugs prescribed per patient decreased by 16.2%. The average cost of prescription of any drug per patient dropped by 32.3%. CONCLUSION: Training in the standard practical approach to lung health guidelines improved the quality and reduced the cost of treatment of respiratory diseases at PHC units. Training should be an integral part of a comprehensive managerial approach for the implementation of case management guidelines.
Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Respiratory Tract Diseases/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Anti-Bacterial Agents/economics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bolivia/epidemiology , Case Management , Child , Child, Preschool , Feasibility Studies , Female , Guideline Adherence , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Physicians , Primary Health Care/economics , Respiratory Tract Diseases/economics , Risk Factors , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
Se presenta un paciente masculino de 20 años, portador de un sarcoma de Ewing cuya lesión inicial localizada en el 4to. dedo del pie izquierdo, fue tratada con cirugía (amputación), desarrollando metástasis pulmonares, las cuales regresaron después de recibir un tratamiento radiante con cobalto 60 sobre ambos campos pulmonares y poliquimioterapia sistémica, al principio con un esquema de tres drogas: vincristina, actinomicina d y ciclofosfamida (VAC) y posteriormente con dos drogas (dticardr). En el trancurso de estas últimas, presentó una enfermedad viral intercurrente (dengue) coincidiendo con la regresión y el control de la enfermedad, una nueva recaída fue controlada por la cirugía
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Bone Neoplasms , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Sarcoma, Ewing/secondaryABSTRACT
Se revisa la tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad de los tumores malignos primarios del hueso en nuestro país, así como la supervivencia quinquenal y decenal acumulada para los subtipos histológicos más frecuentes. Se comparan estos resultados con las cifras de supervivencia internacionales. Se analiza el tratamiento realizado a los mismos en el último quinquenio y de acuerdo con las variantes terapéuticas probadas actualmente en el mundo. Se proponen modificaciones a nuestros esquemas de tratamiento que se denominan modelos tecnológicos terapéuticos (MTT). Se persigue con este trabajo la uniformidad de los tratamientos oncológicos en el país y la elevación de la supervivencia de los pacientes
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Neoplasms/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Sarcoma/therapy , Chondrosarcoma/therapy , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy , Osteosarcoma/therapy , Sarcoma, Ewing/therapy , Giant Cell Tumors/therapyABSTRACT
Se realiza el estudio de 70 pacientes con tumores intraorbitarios. Se indica que el síntoma inicial se manifestó en la órbita y el diagnóstico se confirmó por comprobación histológica posterior. Se observa que de dichos tumores, el 60,5% fue primitivo, el 18,5% de regiones vecinas, el 5% metastásico y el 5,2% y el 15,8%, seudotumores. Se señala que los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento de estos pacientes fueron satisfactorios por la supervivencia, y porque la mayoría de los tumores eran benignos
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , History, 20th Century , Eye Enucleation , Orbital Neoplasms/surgery , Orbital Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Se revisan todos los casos atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología durante el período 1964-1977 con diagnóstico histológico confirmado de sarcomas de partes blandas en la infancia y que fueron tratados y evolucionados durante un período no menor de 2 años. Se señala que el número de pacientes ascendió a 62. Se estudian los siguientes parámetros: edad,sexo,tipo histológico, localización, tratamiento, evolución y sobrevivencia y los resultados obtenidos se expresan mediante tablas y figuras, y se comparan con la experiencia internacional
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Female , History, 20th Century , Sarcoma , Soft Tissue NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Author refers some data about prevalence and incidence of infection and morbidity in tubercular disease. These data are very discordant according to different social conditions of countries in which they are been derived. Particularly, he analyses the importance of an extended tuberculin survey, as the essential method to study both epidemiological parameters. In this paper, Author emphasizes how the test needs to be used systematically and in subjects of the same age. At last, mortality is more an indicator of the efficiency of the case finding and treatment programme than an epidemiological index. Indeed there is a parallel increase in the proportions of deaths of patients older than 45 years of age also in under-developing countries.
Subject(s)
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Epidemiologic Methods , Europe , Female , Humans , India , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Registries , Risk , Socioeconomic Factors , South America , Tuberculin Test , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/transmission , World Health OrganizationABSTRACT
Seminario regional sobre infecciones respiratorias agudas, 2. Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 29-31 oct. 1984