Subject(s)
Veterans , Humans , Veterans/statistics & numerical data , Male , United States , Middle Aged , Female , Hospitals, Veterans/statistics & numerical data , United States Department of Veterans Affairs/statistics & numerical data , United States Department of Veterans Affairs/organization & administration , Physical Examination/methods , Physical Examination/standards , Physical Examination/statistics & numerical data , Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data , Aged , SkinSubject(s)
Artificial Intelligence , Dermatology , Dermatology/economics , Humans , Investments/economicsSubject(s)
Eosinophilia , Folliculitis , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous , Humans , Male , Folliculitis/diagnosis , Folliculitis/pathology , Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Eosinophilia/pathology , Middle Aged , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diagnosis , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/pathology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/etiology , HIV Infections/complicationsSubject(s)
Dermatology , Dermatology/methods , Humans , Data Analysis , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/therapy , SoftwareABSTRACT
Across the world, there are varied cultural practices applied in the newborn period that pediatric dermatologists need to be familiar with. This report details a 9-day-old girl who presented with black, spike-like hairs across the back after her mother had been rubbing breast milk on her back in a circular motion for the first 7 days of life. On dermatoscopic exam, these lesions were found to be tight bundles of lanugo hairs, consistent with a diagnosis of knotted lanugo. Improved understanding of cultural practices and newborn skin care routines is critical for diagnosis, treatment, and counseling.
Subject(s)
Hair , Skin , Female , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Child , Hair/pathology , Mothers , Dermoscopy , Skin CareABSTRACT
The SLC7A11/xCT cystine and glutamate antiporter has emerged as an attractive target for cancer therapy due to its selective overexpression in multiple cancers and its role in preventing ferroptosis. Utilizing pharmacological and genetic approaches in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, we demonstrate that overexpression of SLC7A11 engenders hypersensitivity towards l-selenocystine, a naturally occurring diselenide that bears close structural similarity to l-cystine. We find that the abundance of SLC7A11 positively correlates with sensitivity to l-selenocystine, but surprisingly, not to Erastin, an inhibitor of SLC7A11 activity. Our data indicate that SLC7A11 acts as a transport channel for l-selenocystine, which preferentially incites acute oxidative stress and damage eventuating to cell death in cells that highly express SLC7A11. Hence, our findings raise the prospect of l-selenocystine administration as a novel strategy for targeting cancers that up-regulate SLC7A11 expression.
Subject(s)
Cystine , Cell Line, Tumor , Cystine/metabolism , Up-Regulation , Amino Acid Transport System y+/metabolismSubject(s)
Carcinoma, Merkel Cell , Neoplasms, Second Primary , Skin Neoplasms , Humans , Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/pathology , Neoplasms, Second Primary/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Second Primary/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Databases, FactualABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although eyelid melanomas represent less than 1% of eyelid neoplasms, they have the worst prognosis. Wide local excision (WLE) and Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) are mainstay treatment options. We conducted a retrospective analysis to assess all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates in patients undergoing WLE or MMS for eyelid melanoma. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry was performed for eyelid melanoma treated with WLE or MMS. Cases were limited to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage T1 primary malignancies. RESULTS: A total of 45 cases of WLE were identified along with 48 cases of MMS for eyelid melanoma. There was no significant difference between subgroups in age group, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status at diagnosis, AJCC N stage, AJCC M stage, melanoma histology, chemotherapy use, and radiotherapy use. Among the cohort, all tumors were unilateral. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank demonstrated no significant difference between MMS and WLE subgroups with regard to overall survival (P = 0.662) and cancer-specific survival (P = 0.494). Cox regression adjusting for variables with α<0.10 and found no significant difference in all-cause mortality (HR, 0.923; 95% CI 0.310-2.747; P = 0.885) or cancer-specific mortality (HR, 0.518; 95% CI 0.047-5.711; P = 0.591) when patients who underwent MMS were compared to those who underwent WLE. CONCLUSION: While our study is limited by a small number of patients, our analysis demonstrated no significant difference in all-cause or cause-specific survival for patients with eyelid melanoma treated with MMS compared with WLE. In areas requiring preservation of tissue due to cosmetic or functional purposes, MMS is a reasonable surgical approach.
Subject(s)
Eyelid Neoplasms , Melanoma , Skin Neoplasms , Humans , Mohs Surgery/methods , Eyelid Neoplasms/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Melanoma/pathology , Eyelids/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathologyABSTRACT
A 37-year-old woman with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease presented to our hospital with 10 days of severe left thigh pain. Physical examination revealed warmth, swelling, and tenderness of the left anterior and medial thigh. Workup revealed a mildly elevated creatinine kinase. Magnetic resonance imaging without contrast revealed diffuse extensive soft tissue edema and a heterogeneous, tubular fluid collection within the adductor magnus. Needle aspiration revealed hematoma and myonecrosis. Cultures and cytology were negative. A diagnosis of diabetic myonecrosis was made. Myonecrosis is a rare complication of diabetes, and the gold standard for diagnosis is tissue biopsy. However, magnetic resonance imaging may be sensitive and specific for diagnosis and prevent morbidity.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most prevalent form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), has been associated with a variety of environmental and occupational exposures. Flame-retardant clothing (FRC), in contrast to flame-resistant clothing, is chemically treated and may constitute a previously unrecognized occupational hazard. Objectives: To report an association between FRC and MF. Methods: After encountering several young male patients whose onset of MF coincided with the occupational use of FRC and occupation as fire fighters, we did a retrospective search. Additional biopsy proven MF patients with use of FRC were identified by the EPIC electronic medical record using the search terms "CTCL, mycosis fungoides, flame, and flame-retardant." Results: Eight MF patients, all males, ranging in age from 31 years to 64 years (median age, 35 years) with exposure to FRC were identified. MF remission was noted in three patients who discontinued FRC use and in one patient who used a cotton undershirt barrier, while disease persistence was noted in one patient who continued to use FRC. Conclusions: FRC appears to be associated with development of MF through chronic antigen stimulation. Use of FRC is an occupational hazard for fire fighters. Any patient whose MF coincides with use of FRC should avoid further exposure through avoidance or switching to clothing made from inherently flame-resistant fibers.
ABSTRACT
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a T-cell malignancy that generally presents with widespread involvement of lymph nodes, peripheral blood, and/or skin. It is an uncommon malignancy linked to the human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1). Herein, we present a case of ATLL that was diagnosed after a patient presented to our hospital with nonspecific symptoms of fatigue and weakness and was subsequently found to have hypercalcemia secondary to his blood malignancy. We engage in a discussion of the etiology, epidemiology, and management of patients with this rare malignancy as well as the mechanisms that result in hypercalcemia.
ABSTRACT
Sebaceous cell carcinoma is an uncommonly encountered cutaneous malignancy. Often considered a great masquerader, sebaceous cell carcinoma arises from meibomian glands and can have a poor prognosis if not diagnosed early. In this case report, we present a patient with sebaceous cell carcinoma who presented to our emergency department with a clinical presentation that was concerning for orbital cellulitis. The patient was initially started on intravenous antibiotics. However, workup, including imaging and laboratory results, pointed toward malignancy as the diagnosis. The patient underwent an incisional biopsy and pathology confirming the diagnosis of sebaceous cell carcinoma. We engaged in further discussion of this peculiar cutaneous masquerader, differential diagnoses, and important considerations.