Spectrophotometric evaluation of white spot lesion treatment using novel resin infiltration material (ICON®).

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to compare the esthetic improvement of white spot lesions (WSLs) treated by icon, sodium fluoride (NaF), and bioactive glass using VITA Easyshade® spectrophotometer. METHODOLOGY: Ninety intact human maxillary central incisors were collected and artificial WSLs were created on facial surface having dimensions of 4 mm × 4 mm by immersing in demineralized solution for 4 days, baseline comparisons were performed by measuring the color of the WSLs compared to the adjacent sound enamel. All samples were divided into three groups of 30 each. Three groups were Group 1: Treated by NaF, Group 2: Treated by the bioactive glass, and Group 3: ICON®-DMG America (Resin infiltration). After treatment, the specimens of all groups were stored in artificial saliva and reevaluated at 4 and 8 weeks after the beginning of the treatments with VITA Easyshade® spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Statistical analysis was performed with One-way analysis of variance. Post hoc analysis with the Tukey's honest significant difference test was used to compare the data between the groups. Among three groups, resin infiltration has significant color change (ΔE) of infiltrated lesions when compared to other treatment groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded resin infiltration (ICON®) can improve the esthetic characteristics of WSLs. Resin (ICON®) is a better treatment option when compared to bioactive glass and NaF as concerned to esthetics.

Assessment of maternal risk factors and its relationship with early childhood caries among preschool children in Mangaluru city.

AIM: The aim of this study is to assess the maternal risk factors and its relationship with early childhood caries (ECC) among preschoolchildren in Mangaluru city. METHODS: Children aged 3-5 years attending preschool (Anganwadi) and their mothers were included in the study. A total of 120 child-mother pairs participated in the study. The maternal risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. After obtaining the consent, the mother and their children were clinically examined for dental caries using the WHO criteria (1997). Results were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: Significant difference was found in mother's caries activity, high level of Streptococcus mutans, brushing frequency, diet of the mother, and their child's caries experience. CONCLUSION: A relationship between maternal risk factors and ECC is a result of a multifactorial and a comprehensive model that includes psychological and behavioral aspects. Caries prevention strategy should be that every child should receive oral care before age of one so that needful children can be instituted with preventive measures and their parents can be targeted for educational programs.

Acidogenic Potential of Plain Milk, Milk with Sugar, Milk with Cornflakes and Milk Cornflakes with Sugar: A Comparative Study.

AIM: To compare the acidogenic potential of plain milk, milk with sugar, milk with cornflakes, and milk cornflakes with sugar by assessing the salivary pH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 40 school children of 8 to 12 years; 20 boys and 20 girls were randomly selected. The salivary pH was assessed before and after the consumption of milk; milk and sugar; milk and cornflakes; and milk, sugar, and cornflakes. Baseline unstimulated saliva was collected in sterile plastic tube and the pH was recorded. The change in the salivary pH from the respective groups after consuming the test meal was recorded as follows: (1) after 5 minutes; (2) after 10 minutes; (3) after 15 minutes; (4) after 30 minutes; (5) 120 minutes. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0 (SPSS). RESULTS: The average baseline salivary pH among all the groups was 7.26. A fall in pH at 5 minutes was seen in all the four groups. However, at different time intervals 5, 10, 15, 30, and 120 minutes, the pH values between the groups showed a significant difference at p < 00.7, 0.005, 0.001, 0.010, and 0.028 respectively. CONCLUSION: The fall in pH in all the groups was not significant to a limit of critical pH. Milk when added with sugar and/or cornflakes as a meal did not pose a threat as there was not significant decrease in pH. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Bhat SS, Hegde SK, Bhat VS, Ramya KM, Jodalli PS. Acidogenic Potential of Plain Milk, Milk with Sugar, Milk with Cornflakes, and Milk Cornflakes with Sugar: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):218-221.