ABSTRACT
La prevalencia de EPOC en España es elevada. En el futuro, debido al aumento del tabaquismo y al cambio en la pirámide de edad, se prevé un mayor aumento en la incidencia y en la prevalencia, siendo necesaria la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias y herramientas encaminadas a evitar o disminuir las agudizaciones. En este sentido, un programa de intervención telemática coordinado y dirigido desde el servicio de neumología del hospital a los pacientes con EPOC y fenotipo Agudizador, así como fenotipo mixto con características de reingresadores, podría disminuir los ingresos hospitalarios de estos pacientes y ser asimismo un programa coste-efectivo. El objetivo principal de este artículo fue recoger de forma exhaustiva y ampliada todo lo concerniente al diseño metodológico utilizado en el ensayo clínico denominado CRONEX 3.0 no publicado y que aborda el impacto de la telemedicina en la tasa de reingresos por EPOC y su análisis de coste-efectividad
The prevalence of COPD in Spain is high. In the future, due to the increase in tobacco use and the change in the age pyramid, a greater increase in the incidence and prevalence is expected, making it necessary to find new strategies and tools aimed at avoiding or decreasing exacerbations. In this sense, a coordinated telematic intervention program managed by the pulmonology department at the hospital directed towards patients with exacerbator and mixed-phenotype COPD with characteristics of requiring repeat hospitalizations could decrease hospitalizations in these patients and be a cost-effective program at the same time. The main aim of this article is to comprehensively and broadly include everything not yet published regarding the methodological design used in the clinical trial CRONEX 3.0 and which addresses the impact of telemedicine on the rate of rehospitalizations due to COPD and its cost-effectiveness analysis
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Telemedicine/methods , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/economics , Hospitalization/economics , Patient Readmission , Cost-Benefit Analysis/economicsABSTRACT
El entorno sociocultural influye en el tabaquismo juvenil, y actualmente parece que hay descenso de su prevalencia. Objetivos: Valorar la prevalencia del tabaquismo en estudiantes de bachillerato, la influencia del entorno en su inicio en la Comarca de Osona (Barcelona) (COB) y analizar, si existiera, su disminución. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en alumnos de bachillerato de COB. Mediante encuesta anónima se interrogó sobre tabaquismo, influencia del entorno y contexto sociocultural en el inicio. Resultados: Participaron 842, se recogieron 714 encuestas y 705 se consideraron válidas. Tenían residencia urbana 303 (93,5%). Fumaban 159 (22,6%) y el 62% eran mujeres; 70 (44%) eran cristianos, 3 (1,9%) musulmanes, 14 (8,8%) de otras religiones y 72 (45,3%) aconfesionales. Consumían alcohol 529 (76,3%) y otras sustancias 308 (46,5%). Padecían alguna enfermedad 40 (6,1%) alumnos y 334 (47,5%) familiares. Había 207 (29,4%) padres fumadores y 152 (22%) madres. Existía tabaquismo familiar en 214 (59%) alumnos y en 582 (82,6%) amigos. Los padres tenían estudios superiores en 212 (30,1%), medios en 331 (48,7%) y primarios en 137 (20,1%); en relación con las madres en 279 (39,6%), en 294(41,7%) y en 116 (16,5%) respectivamente. Ser fumador se relacionaba con consumir alcohol (p = 0,000) y otras sustancias (p = 0,000), ser aconfesional (p = 0,000), no padecer enfermedades (p = 0,043) y con tener madre (p = 0,001), padre (p = 0,005), hermano (p = 0,006), familiares (p = 0,016) o amigos fumadores (p = 0,000). Conclusiones: La prevalencia del tabaquismo en estudiantes de bachillerato en COB es elevada, aunque ha disminuido. Fumar se relacionó con tabaquismo de progenitores, familiares y amigos, ser aconfesional, consumir alcohol y otras sustancias. Se deben implantar programas preventivos dirigidos a estudiantes, progenitores y personal docente
The socio-cultural setting influences youth smoking and its prevalence presumibly has decreased. Objectives: To assess smoking prevalence in high school students, as well as the environmental influence on its onset in the Osona Disrtict of Barcelona (ODB), and to determine whether it has decreased. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on high school students in the ODB. In the anonymous questionnaire it was sked asked about smoking and the influence of the social and cultural setting on its onset. Results: A total of 842 students participated, with 714 questionnaires completed, of which 705 were included as valid. A total of 203 (93.5%) students lived in an urban setting. There were 159 smoker students and 62% were women. The smokers were 70 (44%) christians, 3 (1.9%) muslims, 14 (8.%) students with other religions, and 72 (45.3%) non-denominational students. It was detected that 529 (76.3%) of the students consumed alcohol consumers, and 308 (46.5%) consumed other substances. There were 40 (61%) students that suffered a disease, and also 334 students who had ill relatives. There were 207 (29.4%) fathers and 152 (22%) mothers who smoked and 214 (59%) students declared family smoking. Finally 582 (82.6%) had smoker friends. Among fathers, 212 (30.1%), had high level studies, 331 (48.7%) had mid- level studies, and 137 (20.1%) fathers had primary studies. Among mothers, it was 279 (39.6%), 294 (41.7%), and 116 (16.5%). respectively. Being a smoker was associated with alcohol (P = .000) and other substances consumption (P = .000), being non-denominational (P = .000), did not to suffer any disease (P = .043), with having mother (P = .001), father (P = .005), brother or sister (P = .006), and family members (P = .016) who smoked, and smoker friends (P = .000). Conclusions: smoking prevalence in high school students in the ODB is high, but has decreased. Smoking was associated with alcohol and consumption of other substances, being non-denominational, and with friends, parents, and relatives who smoked. It is necessary to establish prevention programs addressed to teenagers, parents and teachers
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Smoking/epidemiology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Friends , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Marijuana Smoking/adverse effects , Marijuana Smoking/epidemiology , Marijuana Abuse/complications , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Smoking/adverse effects , Smoking/epidemiology , Cannabis/adverse effects , Cannabis/toxicity , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Smoking/adverse effects , Smoking/metabolism , Research/education , Pulmonary Medicine/education , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Attitude of Health Personnel , Spain/ethnology , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Smoking/prevention & control , Smoking/therapy , Research/classification , Pulmonary Medicine/methods , Thoracic Surgery , Prevalence , Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolismABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Respiratory Therapy/trends , Respiratory TherapyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Societies, Medical/trends , Smoking/prevention & control , Smoking Prevention , Health Promotion , Health EducationABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Biomedical Research/organization & administration , Smoking/prevention & control , Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & controlABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Smoking Prevention , Tobacco Products/analysis , Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Tobacco Products/classification , Tobacco Products/toxicity , Pharmaceutical Preparations/classification , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Data Analysis/analysisABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Smoking/pathology , Smoking/therapy , Early Medical Intervention/methods , Early Medical Intervention/standards , Early Medical Intervention , Epidemiological Monitoring , Primary Prevention/methods , Primary Prevention/trends , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Clinical Trial , Primary Prevention/organization & administration , Primary Prevention/standards , Preventive Health Services/methods , Preventive Medicine/methodsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Smoking Cessation/methods , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Device Approval , Health SurveysABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/economics , Smoking/drug therapy , Smoking/economics , Cost Efficiency Analysis , Cost-Benefit Analysis/organization & administration , Cost-Benefit Analysis/standards , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/economics , Tobacco Use Cessation/economics , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/prevention & controlABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/complications , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/diagnosis , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/prevention & control , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/complications , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/physiopathology , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , Radiography, Thoracic/trendsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/immunology , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/prevention & control , Vaccination/methods , Vaccination/trends , Vaccination , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Smoking/immunology , Smoking/prevention & control , Smoking PreventionABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/prevention & control , Pneumococcal Vaccines/administration & dosage , Streptococcus pneumoniae/pathogenicityABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence , Smoking/prevention & control , Smoking Prevention , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/legislation & jurisprudence , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Consensus Development Conferences as Topic , Smoking/drug therapy , Smoking/psychology , Smoking/therapyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Consensus Development Conferences as Topic , Societies, Medical/standards , Societies, Medical , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/economics , Smoking/economics , Smoking Prevention , Economics, Pharmaceutical/organization & administration , Economics, Pharmaceutical/standards , Drug Costs/standards , Drug Costs/trends , Healthcare Financing , Financial Resources in Health , Societies, Medical/trends , Economics, Pharmaceutical/legislation & jurisprudence , Economics, Pharmaceutical/trendsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence , Smoking Prevention , Societies, Scientific/legislation & jurisprudence , Spain/epidemiology , Public Health , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Smoking/pathology , Tobacco Use Disorder/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Neoplasms/complications , Coronary Disease/complications , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Depression/complications , Stress, Physiological/complications , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/complications , Stress, Psychological/complications , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/complications , Metabolic Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
No disponible
