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1.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(2): 325-331, mar.-abr. 2023. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-219329

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: a pesar de la relación de la resistina con el síndrome metabólico (SM), no se ha evaluado la relación del polimorfismo de nucleótido único (SNP) rs7139228 con variante C/T del intrón 5´UTR del gen RETN con la presencia de SM. Objetivo: el objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la influencia del SNP rs7139228 del gen RETN sobre las concentraciones de resistina circulante, así como sobre el SM en sujetos obesos. Material y métodos: se reclutó una población caucásica de 1003 sujetos obesos. En todos los sujetos se realizó un análisis antropométrico (peso, perímetro de cintura, masa grasa), una evaluación de la ingesta nutricional, un estudio bioquímico (glucosa, insulina, proteína C-reactiva, perfil lipídico, insulina, HOMA-IR, resistina) y una evaluación del genotipo rs7139228. Resultados: la distribución del genotipo fue la siguiente: 852 sujetos con GG (84,9 %), 147 sujetos con GA (14,7 %) y 4 sujetos con AA (0,4 %). La frecuencia alélica fue G (0,92) y C (0,08). Las concentraciones séricas de resistina (delta: 1,7 ± 0,2 ng/ml; p = 0,01), insulina (delta: 4,2 ± 0,4 UI/L; p = 0,01) y HOMA-IR (delta: 1,9 ± 0,2 unidades; p = 0,03) fueron mayores en los pacientes portadores del alelo A que en los no portadores. La prevalencia global del SM fue del 48,1 %. El análisis de regresión logística mostró un alto porcentaje de hiperglucemia (OR = 1,60, IC 95 % = 1,08-2,96; p = 0,02) y de síndrome metabólico (OR = 1,33, IC 95 % = 1,07-3,39; p = 0,02) en los portadores del alelo A después de ajustar las concentraciones de resistina, el sexo, el IMC y la edad. Conclusiones: el alelo A de la variante genética rs7139228 se asocia con mayores niveles de resistina, insulina basal, resistencia a la insulina y prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en sujetos obesos. (AU)


Background: despite the relationship of resistin with metabolic syndrome (MS), the relationship of the 5’UTR intron C/T variant single nucleotide ploymorphism (SNP) rs7139228 of the RETN gene with the presence of MS has not been evaluated. Objective: the objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of SNP rs7139228 of the RETN gene on circulating resistin levels, as well as on MS in obese subjects. Material and methods: a Caucasian population of 1003 obese subjects was enrolled. An anthropometric evaluation (weight, waist circumference, fat mass), evaluation of nutritional intake, biochemical study (glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, insulin, HOMA-IR, resistin) and rs7139228 genotype was carried out. Results: genotype distribution was: 852 subjects with GG (84.9 %), 147 subjects with GA (14.7 %) and 4 subjects with AA (0.4 %). The allelic frequency was G (0.92) and A (0.08). Serum levels of resistin (delta: 1.7 ± 0.2 ng/ml; p = 0.01), insulin (delta: 4.2 ± 0.4 IU/L; p = 0.01) and HOMA-IR (delta: 1.9 ± 0.2 units; p = 0.03) were higher in patients carrying the A allele than in non-carriers. The overall prevalence of MS was 48.1 %. A logistic regression analysis showed a high percentage of hyperglycemia (OR = 1.60, 95 % CI = 1.08-2.96; p = 0.02) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.33, 95 % CI = 1.07-3.39, p = 0.02) in carriers of the A allele after adjusting for resistin levels, sex, BMI and age. Conclusions: the A allele of the genetic variant rs7139228 is associated with higher levels of resistin, basal insulin, insulin resistance, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese subjects. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Metabolic Syndrome/genetics , Insulin Resistance/genetics , Resistin , Spain , Polymorphism, Genetic , Obesity/complications
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(1): 35-40, ene.-feb. 2023. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-215685

ABSTRACT

Background: some studies have evaluated the association of the rs1805134 genetic variant of the LEPR gene with obesity. Aims: the objective was to explore the association of the rs1805134 genetic variant of the LEPR gene with obesity measures and metabolic syndrome in obese Caucasian adults. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study in 212 obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2. Measurements of adiposity parameters, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, C-reactive protein, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome were determined. Results: the distribution of rs1805134 was 128 TT (60.4 %), 77 TC (36.3 %), and 7 CC (3.3 %). C-allele carriers showed higher levels of BMI, body weight, body fat mass, waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, total energy intake, and carbohydrate intake than non-C-allele carriers. A logistic regression analysis reported a high percentage of elevated waist circumference (OR = 2.22, 95 % CI = 1.201-4.97; p = 0.02), hyperglycemia (OR = 1.54, 95 % CI = 1.01-5.44; p = 0.01), and metabolic syndrome percentage (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI = 1.04-5.39; p = 0.03) in C-allele carriers. Conclusions: subjects with the C-allele of the rs1805134 variant of the LEPR gene showed a worse metabolic pattern with a higher percentage of metabolic syndrome, central obesity and hyperglycaemia, probably related to higher energy intake. (AU)


Antecedentes: algunos estudios han evaluado la asociación de la variante genética rs1805134 del gen LEPR con la obesidad. Objetivos: el objetivo fue explorar la asociación de la variante genética rs1805134 del gen LEPR con los parámetros de obesidad y síndrome metabólico en adultos caucásicos obesos. Métodos: realizamos un estudio transversal en 212 sujetos obesos con índice de masa corporal (IMC) superior a 30 kg/m2 . Se determinaron los parámetros de adiposidad, presión arterial, glucemia en ayunas, concentración de insulina, resistencia a la insulina (HOMA-IR), perfil lipídico, proteína C-reactiva y prevalencia de síndrome metabólico. Resultados: la distribución del rs1805134 fue de 128 TT (60,4 %), 77 TC (36,3 %) y 7 CC (3,3 %). Los portadores del alelo C mostraron niveles más altos de IMC, peso corporal, masa grasa corporal, circunferencia de la cintura, insulina, HOMA-IR, triglicéridos, ingesta total de energía y consumo de carbohidratos que los portadores sin alelo C. El análisis de regresión logística mostró un alto porcentaje de pacientes con elevada circunferencia de la cintura (OR = 2,22, IC 95 % = 1,201-4,97; p = 0,02), hiperglucemia (OR = 1,54, IC 95 % = 1,01-5,44; p = 0,01) y síndrome metabólico (OR = 1,41, IC 95 % = 1,04-5,39; p = 0,03) en los portadores del alelo C. Conclusiones: los sujetos con alelo C de la variante rs1805134 del gen LEPR mostraron un peor patrón metabólico con mayor porcentaje de síndrome metabólico, obesidad central e hiperglucemia, probablemente relacionado con una mayor ingesta energética. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Genetic , Energy Intake , Cross-Sectional Studies , Metabolic Syndrome , Eating , Obesity
3.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(1): 49-58, ene.-feb. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-215687

ABSTRACT

Introduction: rs822393 is related to dietary intervention responses. The aim of our study was to analyze the metabolic effects of 2 hypocaloric diets with a different fat profile during 3 months according to the genetic variant rs822393. Methods: a population of 361 obese patients were randomly allocated to one of two diets; Diet P (enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids) vs. Diet M (enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids). Adiposity and biochemical parameters were determined. rs822393 was assessed by real-time PCR, with a dominant model analysis (CC vs CT+TT). Results: genotype distribution was: 221 CC (61.2 %), 115 CT (31.9 %) and 25 TT (6.9 %). Basal and post-intervention HDL cholesterol, adiponectin levels and adiponectin/leptin ratio were lower in T-allele than non-T-allele carriers. After both diets, BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, insulin levels, HOMA-IR, leptin, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol improved significantly in both genotype groups. After Diet P, HDL-cholesterol (delta: 5.6 ± 1.1 mg/dl vs. 2.7 ± 0.9 mg/dl; p = 0.01), serum adiponectin (20.1 ± 2.9 ng/dl vs. 6.8 ± 3.0 ng/dl; p = 0.02) and adiponectin/leptin ratio (0.57 ± 0.1 units vs. 0.20 ± 0.08 units; p = 0.03) improved in non-T allele carriers. The same improvements were observed after Diet M: HDL-cholesterol (delta: 5.5 ± 0.8 mg/dl vs. 3.1 ± 0.9 mg/dl; p = 0.03), serum adiponectin (19.5 ± 2.9 ng/dl vs. 4.5 ± 2.8 ng/dl; p = 0.01), and adiponectin/leptin ratio (0.54 ± 0.1 units vs. 0.15 ± 0.08 units; p = 0.03). These parameters remained unchanged in T-allele carriers. (AU)


Introducción: el polimorfismo rs822393 está relacionado con las respuestas a las intervenciones dietéticas. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue analizar los efectos metabólicos de 2 dietas hipocalóricas con diferente perfil graso durante 3 meses según la variante genética rs822393. Métodos: una muestra de 361 pacientes obesos se asignó aleatoriamente a una de dos dietas: dieta P (enriquecida en ácidos grasos poliinsaturados) y dieta M (enriquecida en ácidos grasos monoinsaturados). Se determinaron parámetros de adiposidad y bioquímicos; rs822393 se evaluó mediante PCR en tiempo real, con un análisis de modelo dominante (CC frente a CT+TT). Resultados: la distribución del genotipo fue: 221 CC (61,2 %), 115 CT (31,9 %) y 25 TT (6,9 %). El colesterol HDL basal y posterior a la intervención, los niveles de adiponectina y la relación adiponectina/leptina fueron más bajos en los portadores del alelo T que en los no portadores del alelo T. Tras la intervención con ambas dietas, el IMC, el peso, la masa grasa, la circunferencia de la cintura, la presión arterial sistólica, los niveles de insulina, el HOMA-IR, la leptina, el colesterol total y el colesterol LDL mejoraron significativamente en ambos grupos de genotipo. Después de la dieta P: HDL-colesterol (delta: 5,6 ± 1,1 mg/dl vs. 2,7 ± 0,9 mg/dl; p = 0,01), adiponectina sérica (20,1 ± 2,9 ng/dl vs. 6,8 ± 3,0 ng/dl; p = 0,02) y la relación adiponectina/leptina (0,57 ± 0,1 unidades frente a 0,20 ± 0,08 unidades; p = 0,03) mejoraron en los no portadores del alelo T. Se observaron los mismos resultados después de la dieta M: HDL-colesterol (delta: 5,5 ± 0,8 mg/dl frente a 3,1 ± 0,9 mg/dl; p = 0,03), adiponectina sérica (19,5 ± 2,9 ng/dl frente a 4,5 ± 2,8 ng /dl; p = 0,01) y relación adiponectina/leptina (0,54 ± 0,1 unidades vs. 0,15 ± 0,08 unidades; p = 0,03). Estos parámetros permanecieron sin cambios en los portadores del alelo T. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Polymorphism, Genetic , Obesity/diet therapy , Diet , Dietary Fats , Spain
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(1): 59-66, ene.-feb. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-215688

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: informe de expertos para valorar la realidad de la pérdida de masa muscular en las personas con diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) y proponer, en base a la evidencia de la bibliografía y la experiencia clínica, cómo debería ser el abordaje clínico de esta comorbilidad. Método: estudio cualitativo de opinión de expertos mediante metodología nominal. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre diabetes y músculos que se remitió a un grupo multidisciplinar de 7 expertos que, en reunión presencial, discutieron sobre diversos aspectos del papel de la masa muscular en la DM2. Resultados: la masa muscular debe tenerse en cuenta dentro del cuadro clínico del paciente con DM2. Repercute enormemente sobre la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida del paciente y es tan importante como el adecuado control metabólico de la DM2. Conclusión: además de la terapia farmacológica y la dieta adaptada, es imprescindible un patrón de actividad física aeróbica y de fuerza para el mantenimiento de la masa y la función muscular en el paciente diabético. En situaciones particulares, una suplementación oral artificial específica para el cuidado del músculo podría mejorar la situación de desnutrición y baja masa muscular. Medidas como el test de la velocidad de marcha, el test de la silla o el cuestionario SARC-F, junto a un índice de Barthel, son un primer paso para diagnosticar un deterioro relevante sobre el que actuar en el paciente DM2. Este documento pretende resolver algunos interrogantes sobre la importancia, la valoración y el control de la masa muscular en la DM2. (AU)


Objectives: an expert report is presented on the situation of loss of muscle mass in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a proposal of what the clinical approach to this comorbidity should be, based on the evidence from the literature and clinical experience. Method: a qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal approach. A literature search on diabetes and muscle was made and submitted to a multidisciplinary group of 7 experts who through a face-to-face meeting discussed different aspects of the role of muscle mass in T2DM. Results: muscle mass must be taken into account in the clinical context of patients with T2DM. It has an enormous impact on patient function and quality of life, and is as important as adequate metabolic control of T2DM. Conclusion: in addition to drug therapy and diet adjustments, aerobic and strength activities are essential for maintaining muscle mass and function in diabetic patients. In concrete situations, artificial oral supplementation specific for muscle care could improve the situation of malnutrition and low muscle mass. Measures such as the walking speed test, chair test, or the SARC-F questionnaire, together with the Barthel index, constitute a first step to diagnose relevant impairment requiring intervention in patients with T2DM. This document seeks to answer some questions about the importance, assessment, and control of muscle mass in T2DM. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Sciences , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Muscles , Comorbidity , Malnutrition , Sarcopenia
5.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 111(4): 256-263, abr. 2019. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-189921

ABSTRACT

Background and aims: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder in the western world. Although NAFLD prevalence is higher in patients with a BMI > 25 kg /m2, it is unclear if there are differences between overweight and obese patients. The associated biochemical, dietary and genetic parameters were compared between overweight and obese patients with NAFLD. Methods: patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD (n = 203) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The MEDAS questionnaire was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Biochemical, anthropometrical parameters and the I148M variant (rs738409) of the PNPLA3 gene and rs180069 of the TNF-alfa gene were evaluated. Results: overweight patients had higher serum adiponectin levels (22.5 +/- 21.9 vs 11.2 +/- 18.1 ng/ml; p < 0.05) and lower resistin (3.3 +/- 1.7 vs 8.1 +/- 8 ng/ml; p < 0.001) and leptin concentrations (22.9 +/- 21.9 vs 55.8 +/- 45 ng/ml; p < 0.001) than obese patients. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was more frequent in the obese group (59.3% vs 41.3%; p = 0.02). The multivariate analysis showed adherence to the Mediterranean diet to be an independent protective factor for NASH and liver fibrosis in overweight patients (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.8). Conclusions: NASH was more prevalent in obese patients than in overweight subjects. HOMA-IR and adherence to the Mediterranean diet provided protection against fibrosis in overweight patients. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was the only independent factor associated with NASH in these patients


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Fatty Liver/epidemiology , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/physiopathology , Phenotype , Obesity/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Diet, Mediterranean/statistics & numerical data , Leptin/blood , Adiponectin/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
6.
Nutr. hosp ; 36(1): 233-237, ene.-feb. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-183207

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: exponer los resultados del registro de nutrición enteral domiciliaria (NED) de los años 2016 y 2017 del Grupo NADYA-SENPE. Material y métodos: se recopilaron los pacientes introducidos en el registro del 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2016 y la mismas fechas de 2017 para proceder al análisis descriptivo y analítico de los datos. Resultados: en el año 2016 se obtuvieron 4.578 pacientes activos (prevalencia = 98,33 pacientes/millón de habitantes) y en 2017 fueron 4.777 (prevalencia = 102,57). Por sexos, hubo un 50,8% de varones en 2016 y un 50,5% en 2017. En el periodo 2016-17, la edad mediana fue de 71,5 años (IIQ 57-83); asimismo, finalizaron 1.558 episodios de NED y la causa principal fue el fallecimiento (793 pacientes, 50,89%). Los varones adultos fueron más jóvenes que las mujeres (65,3 vs. 73,3 años, p-valor < 0,001) y el diagnóstico más frecuente fue la enfermedad neurológica que cursa con afagia o disfagia severa (59%). La sonda nasogástrica (SNG) fue la vía de acceso más utilizada (48,3%) y se observa, además, que esta es la vía que se utiliza en los pacientes más ancianos (p < 0,001). Se registraron 126 pacientes pediátricos (57,1% niñas). La edad mediana de inicio de la NED fue de cuatro meses. Otras patologías fue el grupo diagnóstico más registrado (41,3%), seguido por la enfermedad neurológica que cursa con afagia o disfagia severa. Se alimentaban a través de gastrostomía en el 57,6% de los casos. Se observó que los niños más pequeños eran los que se alimentaban preferentemente por SNG (p-valor 0,001). Conclusiones: el número de pacientes del registro, así como el número de centros participantes, se va incrementando progresivamente. Las principales características de los pacientes no han variado. A pesar del aumento de posibilidades diagnósticas en la población pediátrica, llama la atención la clasificación dentro del grupo de Otras patologías


Objective: to present the results of the Spanish home enteral nutrition (HEN) registry of the NADYA-SENPE group for the year 2016 and 2017. Material and methods: from January 1st 2016 to December 31st 2017, the HEN registry was recorded and afterwards a further descriptive and analytical analysis was done. Results: in 2016, 4,578 active patients were recorded and prevalence was 98.33 patients per one million inhabitants; in 2017, 4,777 patients were recorded, with a prevalence of 102.57 per one million inhabitants; 50.8% were males in 2016 and 50.5% in 2017. During the period 2016-17, median age was 71.5 years (IIQ 57-83), 1,558 HEN episodes were finished and the main cause was death (793 patients, 50.89%). Adult males were younger than females (65.3 vs. 73.3 years, p-value < 0.001). The most frequent diagnosis was the neurological disorder that presents with aphagia or severe dysphagia (59%). Nasogastric tube was the most frequent administration route (48.3%) and it is the most widely used in elderly patients (p < 0.001). One hundred and twenty-six pediatric patients were registered (57.1% females). Median age at the beginning of HEN in children was four months. "Other disorders" was the most recorded diagnostic group (41.3%), followed by the group of neurological disorder that presents with aphagia or severe dysphagia. Regarding children, 57.6% were fed through gastrostomy and the younger ones were fed through nasogastric tube (p-value 0.001). Conclusions: the number of patients in the registry, as well as the number of participating centers, is progressively increasing. The main characteristics of the patients have not changed. Despite the increase in diagnostic possibilities in the pediatric population, the classification within the group of "Other pathologies" is quite significant


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Enteral Nutrition/statistics & numerical data , Parenteral Nutrition, Home/statistics & numerical data , Records , Enteral Nutrition/trends , Parenteral Nutrition/trends , Parenteral Nutrition, Home/trends , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology
7.
Islets ; 7(2): e1078053, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26406478

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a consequence of a decrease on functional ß-cell mass. We have recently demonstrated that epoxypukalide (Epoxy) is a natural compound with beneficial effects on primary cultures of rat islets. In this study, we extend our previous investigations to test the hypothesis that Epoxy protects ß-cells and improves glucose metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic mice. We used 3-months old male mice that were treated with Epoxy at 200 µg/kg body weight. Glucose intolerance was induced by multiple intraperitoneal low-doses of streptozotocin (STZ) on 5 consecutive days. Glucose homeostasis was evaluated measuring plasma insulin levels and glucose tolerance. Histomorphometry was used to quantify the number of pancreatic ß-cells per islet. ß-cell proliferation was assessed by BrdU incorporation, and apoptosis by TUNEL staining. Epoxy treatment significantly improved glucose tolerance and plasma insulin levels. These metabolic changes were associated with increased ß-cell numbers, as a result of a two-fold increase in ß-cell proliferation and a 50% decrease in ß-cell death. Our results demonstrate that Epoxy improves whole-body glucose homeostasis by preventing pancreatic ß-cell death due to STZ-induced toxicity in STZ-treated mice.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Glucose/metabolism , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects , Lactones/pharmacology , Animals , Glucose Tolerance Test , Insulin/blood , Male , Mice
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