Brønsted acidic ionic liquid-catalyzed tandem reaction: an efficient and sustainable approach towards the regioselective synthesis and molecular docking studies of 4-hydroxycoumarin-substituted indoles bearing lower E-factors.

1-Butane sulfonic acid-3-methylimidazolium tosylate, [BSMIM]OTs, is a remarkable catalyst for the cascade synthesis of coumarin-functionalized indole derivatives via a tandem cyclization reaction of aniline and phenylglyoxal monohydrate. This reaction possibly proceeds through imine formation/nucleophilic addition/cyclization. In addition, this method shows lower E-factors. A clean reaction, easily accessible reactants, metal-free and environmentally friendly reaction conditions, and reusability of the catalyst are the notable advantages of this procedure. In addition, molecular docking studies show the theoretical possibility of binding these types of synthesized compounds to key proteins in tumorigenesis.

A new tandem synthesis of bis(ß,ß'-dialkoxy carbonyl) compounds by oxidative cleavage of aziridines under metal-free conditions.

An efficient and new approach has been developed to synthesize bis(ß,ß'-dialkoxy carbonyl) derivatives through the reaction between N-tosylaziridines and malonate esters under ambient air using tBuOK in DMSO solvent. A plausible reaction pathway has been predicted. Control experiments suggested that the reactions proceed through the formation of α-aminoketones. This reaction offers a broad substrate scope, metal-free synthesis, excellent regioselectivity, easily accessible reactants, and simple operation. A gram-scale synthesis demonstrates the potential applications of the present method.

Synthesis, characterization and unravelling the molecular interaction of new bioactive 4-hydroxycoumarin derivative with biopolymer: Insights from spectroscopic and theoretical aspect.

In the progress of small molecule as drug candidates, 4-hydroxycoumarin based compounds bearing a crucial place as potent antibiotic agents with appreciable safety in drug invention. Being synthetically and easily obtainable, 4-hydroxycoumarin related compounds with planar structure have been promoted predominantly as DNA targeting agent. Nevertheless, here we elucidate the synthesis, characterization and theoretical study of bio-active small molecule 4-hydroxy-3,4'-bichromenyl-2,2'-dione (4HBD). Then we have illuminated the binding interactions of 4HBD with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA), which is particularly designed for biological application. Extensive investigations of the binding of 4HBD with ctDNA are provided by utilizing multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking approaches, including UV-vis absorbance, steady-state, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism study. The calculated binding and quenching constant value from quantitative data analysis of absorption and emission spectroscopy shows that 4HBD binds to the ctDNA groove. Further confirmation of the same is found by comparative displacement and iodide quenching studies. Negative enthalpy, negative free energy and positive entropy change imply a hydrophobic force monitors the association of 4HBD with the biomacromolecule. Interestingly the small molecule (4HBD) shows potential anti-bacterial activity against the model pathogenic gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. The noncytotoxic nature of the 4HBD is demonstrated in vitro with the help of MTT assay by normal kidney epithelial (NKE), breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human prostate cancer cell (PC3) lines. Hemolytic assay exhibits insignificant hemolysis of human erythrocyte cells at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these tested bacteria. In this regard the present invention of 4-hydroxycoumarin based antimicrobial and noncytotoxic 4HBD molecule holds future promise in the development of new antibiotics.

Mild, Efficient, and Metal-Free Radical 1,2-Dithiocyanation of Alkynes and Alkenes at Room Temperature.

A transition metal-free process has been reported for 1,2-dithiocyanation of alkynes in the presence of sodium persulfate and potassium thiocyanate reagent combination in a short reaction time under ambient air. Styrene derivatives are equally applicable under the same reaction conditions. Monothiocyanated vinyl derivatives were also synthesized from 2-ethynylpyridine and dimethyl acetylene dicarboxylate. The reaction proceeds by the radical/polar pathway as evidenced from our experiments and literature. After removal of the solvent from the reaction mixture by evaporation, the crude product was purified without conventional workup.