ABSTRACT
Introducción y objetivos El pronóstico de los pacientes con cardiopatía congénita e hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HTP) está estrechamente relacionado con la función del ventrículo derecho (VD). Los parámetros de ecocardiografía bidimensional como la deformación miocárdica o el índice de remodelado VD telesistólico (IRVDTS) han surgido para cuantificar la función del VD. Métodos Se estudió de forma prospectiva a 30 paciente de edad 48± 12 años con shunt pretricuspídeo e HTP para investigar la precisión de diversos parámetros ecocardiográficos de estudio de la función del VD (extrusión sistólica del anillo tricúspide, velocidad sistólica pico del anillo tricúspide, ratio de duración sistodiastólica del VD, área de la aurícula derecha, cambio de área fraccional del ventrículo derecho, deformación miocárdica global del ventrículo derecho e IRVDTS) respecto a la fracción de eyección del ventrículo derecho medida por resonancia cardiaca. Resultados En 13 pacientes (43,3%) se observó una fracción de eyección del VD <45%. La deformación longitudinal global del VD (ρ [coeficiente de correlación de Spearman] = −0,75, p=0,001; R2=0,58, p=0,001), área de la aurícula derecha (ρ=−0,74, p <0,0001; R2=0,56, p <0,0001); IRVDTS (ρ=−0,64, p < 0,0001; R2=0,47, p <0,0001), ratio de duración sistodiastólica (ρ=−0,62, p=0,0004; R2=0,47, p <0,0001) y cambio de área fraccional del VD (ρ=0,48, p=0,01; R2=0,37, p <0,0001) se correlacionaron con la fracción de eyección del VD. La deformación longitudinal global del VD, IRVDTS y área de la aurícula derecha fueron predictores de fracción de eyección <45% con la mayor área bajo la curva (0,88; IC95%, 0,71-1,00; 0,88; IC95%, 0,76-1,00 y 0,89; IC95%, 0,77-1,00, respectivamente). Una deformación longitudinal global del VD> −16%, IRVDTS ≥ 1,7 y un área de la aurícula derecha ≥ 22 cm2 predijeron una fracción de eyección del VD <45% con una sensibilidad y especificidad del 87,5 y 85,7%; 76,9 y 88,3%; 92,3 y 82,4%, respectivamente (AU)
Introduction and objectives Outcome in patients with congenital heart diseases and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is closely related to right ventricular (RV) function. Two-dimensional echocardiographic parameters, such as strain imaging or RV end-systolic remodeling index (RVESRI) have emerged to quantify RV function. Methods We prospectively studied 30 patients aged 48±12 years with pretricuspid shunt and PAH and investigated the accuracy of multiple echocardiographic parameters of RV function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity, RV systolic-to-diastolic duration ratio, right atrial area, RV fractional area change, RV global longitudinal strain and RVESRI) to RV ejection fraction measured by cardiac magnetic resonance. Results RV ejection fraction <45% was observed in 13 patients (43.3%). RV global longitudinal strain (ρ [Spearman's correlation coefficient]=−0.75; P=.001; R2=0.58; P=.001), right atrium area (ρ=−0.74; P <.0001; R2=0.56; P <.0001), RVESRI (ρ=−0.64; P <.0001; R2=0.47; P <.0001), systolic-to-diastolic duration ratio (ρ=−0.62; P=.0004; R2=0.47; P <.0001) and RV fractional area change (ρ=0.48; P=.01; R2=0.37; P <.0001) were correlated with RV ejection fraction. RV global longitudinal strain, RVESRI and right atrium area predicted RV ejection fraction <45% with the greatest area under curve (0.88; 95%CI, 0.71-1.00; 0.88; 95%CI, 0.76-1.00, and 0.89; 95%CI, 0.77-1.00, respectively). RV global longitudinal strain >−16%, RVESRI ≥ 1.7 and right atrial area ≥ 22 cm2 predicted RV ejection fraction <45% with a sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 85.7%; 76.9% and 88.3%; 92.3% and 82.4%, respectively. Conclusions RVESRI, right atrial area and RV global longitudinal strain are strong markers of RV dysfunction in patients with pretricuspid shunt and PAH (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology , Ventricular Remodeling , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Prognosis , EchocardiographyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Outcome in patients with congenital heart diseases and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is closely related to right ventricular (RV) function. Two-dimensional echocardiographic parameters, such as strain imaging or RV end-systolic remodeling index (RVESRI) have emerged to quantify RV function. METHODS: We prospectively studied 30 patients aged 48±12 years with pretricuspid shunt and PAH and investigated the accuracy of multiple echocardiographic parameters of RV function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity, RV systolic-to-diastolic duration ratio, right atrial area, RV fractional area change, RV global longitudinal strain and RVESRI) to RV ejection fraction measured by cardiac magnetic resonance. RESULTS: RV ejection fraction <45% was observed in 13 patients (43.3%). RV global longitudinal strain (ρ [Spearman's correlation coefficient]=-0.75; P=.001; R2=0.58; P=.001), right atrium area (ρ=-0.74; P <.0001; R2=0.56; P <.0001), RVESRI (ρ=-0.64; P <.0001; R2=0.47; P <.0001), systolic-to-diastolic duration ratio (ρ=-0.62; P=.0004; R2=0.47; P <.0001) and RV fractional area change (ρ=0.48; P=.01; R2=0.37; P <.0001) were correlated with RV ejection fraction. RV global longitudinal strain, RVESRI and right atrium area predicted RV ejection fraction <45% with the greatest area under curve (0.88; 95%CI, 0.71-1.00; 0.88; 95%CI, 0.76-1.00, and 0.89; 95%CI, 0.77-1.00, respectively). RV global longitudinal strain >-16%, RVESRI ≥ 1.7 and right atrial area ≥ 22 cm2 predicted RV ejection fraction <45% with a sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 85.7%; 76.9% and 88.3%; 92.3% and 82.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: RVESRI, right atrial area and RV global longitudinal strain are strong markers of RV dysfunction in patients with pretricuspid shunt and PAH.
Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation , Heart Defects, Congenital , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right , Humans , Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/complications , Ventricular Function, Right , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/etiology , Stroke VolumeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performances of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in congenital heart disease (CHD) patients with pulmonary prosthetic valve or conduit endocarditis (PPVE) suspicion. BACKGROUND: PPVE is a major issue in the growing CHD population. Diagnosis is challenging, and usual imaging tools are not always efficient or validated in this specific population. Particularly, the diagnostic yield of 18F-FDG PET/CT remains poorly studied in PPVE. METHODS: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted in 8 French tertiary centers. Children and adult CHD patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT in the setting of PPVE suspicion between January 2010 and May 2020 were included. The cases were initially classified as definite, possible, or rejected PPVE regarding the modified Duke criteria and finally by the Endocarditis Team consensus. The result of 18F-FDG PET/CT had been compared with final diagnosis consensus used as gold-standard in our study. RESULTS: A total of 66 cases of PPVE suspicion involving 59 patients (median age 23 years, 73% men) were included. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in PPVE suspicion were respectively: 79.1% (95% CI: 68.4%-91.4%), 72.7% (95% CI: 60.4%-85.0%), 91.9% (95% CI: 79.6%-100.0%), and 47.1% (95% CI: 34.8%-59.4%). 18F-FDG PET/CT findings would help to correctly reclassify 57% (4 of 7) of possible PPVE to definite PPVE. CONCLUSIONS: Using 18F-FDG PET/CT improves the diagnostic accuracy of the Duke criteria in CHD patients with suspected PPVE. Its high positive predictive value could be helpful in routine to shorten diagnosis and treatment delays and improve clinical outcomes.
Subject(s)
Endocarditis , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Pulmonary Valve , Adult , Child , Endocarditis/diagnostic imaging , Female , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Humans , Male , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Predictive Value of Tests , Pulmonary Valve/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Valve/surgery , Radiopharmaceuticals , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cardiac injury and myocarditis have been described in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children is typically minimally symptomatic. We report a series of febrile pediatric patients with acute heart failure potentially associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children as defined by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. METHODS: Over a 2-month period, contemporary with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in France and Switzerland, we retrospectively collected clinical, biological, therapeutic, and early outcomes data in children who were admitted to pediatric intensive care units in 14 centers for cardiogenic shock, left ventricular dysfunction, and severe inflammatory state. RESULTS: Thirty-five children were identified and included in the study. Median age at admission was 10 years (range, 2-16 years). Comorbidities were present in 28%, including asthma and overweight. Gastrointestinal symptoms were prominent. Left ventricular ejection fraction was <30% in one-third; 80% required inotropic support with 28% treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Inflammation markers were suggestive of cytokine storm (interleukin-6 median, 135 pg/mL) and macrophage activation (D-dimer median, 5284 ng/mL). Mean BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) was elevated (5743 pg/mL). Thirty-one of 35 patients (88%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swab or serology. All patients received intravenous immunoglobulin, with adjunctive steroid therapy used in one-third. Left ventricular function was restored in the 25 of 35 of those discharged from the intensive care unit. No patient died, and all patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were successfully weaned. CONCLUSIONS: Children may experience an acute cardiac decompensation caused by severe inflammatory state after SARS-CoV-2 infection (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children). Treatment with immunoglobulin appears to be associated with recovery of left ventricular systolic function.
