ABSTRACT
Nonspecific prevention of infections, the agents of which are transmitted by Ixodes ticks, is aimed at stopping the suction of the ticks to humans and is substantially based one the use of acaricides. The most interesting group of compounds to be used to individually protect humans is pyrethroids that cause different nerve conduction disturbances in the ticks, which result in their paralysis and death more significantly rapidly than the compounds from other chemical groups. The effect of 8 pyrethroids was investigated when the taiga ticks were in contact with the tissue treated with the compounds. The relationship of the chemical structure of pyrethroids with their acaricidal activity was analyzed from motor activity values and knockdown time. The test pyreithroids, in order of decreasing acaricidal activity, are imiprothrin cyphenothrin, cyfluthrin, alpha-cyperamethrin, zeta-cyperimethrin fenothrin, flumethrin.
Subject(s)
Acaricides/pharmacology , Ixodes/drug effects , Pyrethrins/pharmacology , Acaricides/chemical synthesis , Acaricides/chemistry , Animals , Female , Ixodes/physiology , Male , Pyrethrins/chemical synthesis , Pyrethrins/chemistry , Sex Factors , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
The present situation associated with the use of nonspecific preventive means against natural and focal tick-borne infections is analyzed. There is evidence that tick populations can be controlled using pesticides. Achieved considerable advances in enhancing the efficiency of individual protective means in humans against tick attack and suction are reported. It is suggested that these means may play a decisive role in the nonspecific prevention of tick-borne infections.
Subject(s)
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/prevention & control , Tick Control , Animals , Arachnid Vectors , Humans , Ixodes , RussiaABSTRACT
The susceptibility of the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus Schulze to 15 pyrethroids has been evaluated. The knockdown time after exposure of ticks to pyrethroids tested was quite similar. It was revealed that the lethal doses of type I pyrethroids (permethrin-like) induced the rapid attachment of ticks to host. In contrast, the fatal poisoning with type II pyrethroids (alpha-CN-pyrethroids) made the ticks unable to attach completely. Possible mechanisms of the acceleration and the prevention of attachment are discussed.
