A Quality Improvement Initiative Targeting Chronic Kidney Disease Metrics Through Increased Urinary Albumin Testing.

INTRODUCTION: Achievement of quality metrics in chronic kidney disease (CKD), specifically urinary albumin testing and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use, remained lower in Kaiser Permanente Northwest compared with other Kaiser Permanente regions. We were interested if more frequent testing of urine albumin (ACR) improved CKD quality metrics. METHODS: We implemented a quality improvement project automating ACR testing using an informatics tool in patients with stage 3 CKD linked to an electronic health record (EHR) alert recommending ACEi or ARB initiation in patients with renal indication. RESULTS: At 1 and 2 years after implementation of ACR testing, ACR testing increased from 26.9% prior to implementation to 83% at 1 year and 77% at 2 year after implementation (p < 0.001). However, ACEi or ARB use did not increase significantly (65.8% vs 65.7% vs 66.4%, p = 0.54). There was also no significant change in other quality metrics, including diabetes control, hypertension control, and comanagement of higher-risk CKD patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In patients with stage 3 CKD, increased ACR testing via automated testing linked with EHR alert did not result in an improvement in CKD quality metrics.

Health care worker perspectives inform optimization of patient panel-support tools: a qualitative study.

Electronic decision-support systems appear to enhance care, but improving both tools and work practices may optimize outcomes. Using qualitative methods, the authors' aim was to evaluate perspectives about using the Patient Panel-Support Tool (PST) to better understand health care workers' attitudes toward, and adoption and use of, a decision-support tool. In-depth interviews were conducted to elicit participant perspectives about the PST-an electronic tool implemented in 2006 at Kaiser Permanente Northwest. The PST identifies "care gaps" and recommendations in screening, medication use, risk-factor control, and immunizations for primary care panel patients. Primary care physician (PCP) teams were already grouped (based on performance pre- and post-PST introduction) into lower, improving, and higher percent-of-care-needs met. Participants were PCPs (n=21), medical assistants (n=11), and quality and other health care managers (n=20); total n=52. Results revealed that the most commonly cited benefit of the PST was increased in-depth knowledge of patient panels, and empowerment of staff to do quality improvement. Barriers to PST use included insufficient time, competing demands, suboptimal staffing, tool navigation, documentation, and data issues. Facilitators were strong team staff roles, leadership/training for tool implementation, and dedicated time for tool use. Higher performing PCPs and their assistants more often described a detailed team approach to using the PST. In conclusion, PCP teams and managers provided important perspectives that could help optimize use of panel-support tools to improve future outcomes. Improvements are needed in tool function and navigation; training; staff accountability and role clarification; and panel management time.

Reinventing electronic support for physicians. A look at Kaiser Permanente's Patient Panel Support Tool and care delivery: Part 1. Interview by John Degaspari.

A Web-based tool that extracts information from the electronic health record helps physicians improve care and manage their entire panel of patients. Two Kaiser Permanente studies examine the effectiveness of the tool in a large, diverse patient population.

Improving population care with an integrated electronic panel support tool.

This study measured the impact of an electronic Panel Support Tool (PST) on primary care teams' performance on preventive, monitoring, and therapeutic evidence-based recommendations. The PST, tightly integrated with a comprehensive electronic health record, is a dynamic report that identifies gaps in 32 evidence-based care recommendations for individual patients, groups of patients selected by a provider, or all patients on a primary care provider's panel. It combines point-of-care recommendations, disease registry capabilities, and continuous performance feedback for providers. A serial cross-sectional study of the PST's impact on care performance was conducted, retrospectively using monthly summary data for 207 teams caring for 263,509 adult members in Kaiser Permanente's Northwest region. Baseline care performance was assessed 3 months before first PST use and at 4-month intervals over 20 months of follow-up. The main outcome measure was a monthly care performance percentage for each provider, calculated as the number of selected care recommendations that were completed for all patients divided by the number of clinical indications for care recommendations among them. Statistical analysis was performed using the t test and multiple regression. Average baseline care performance on the 13 measures was 72.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 71.8%-74.0%). During the first 12 months of tool use, performance improved to a statistically significant degree every 4 months. After 20 months of follow-up, it increased to an average of 80.0% (95% CI, 79.3%-80.7%).

Effect of a patient panel-support tool on care delivery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a patient panel-support tool (PST) on care delivery for diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study among primary care providers (PCPs), with 2005 as the preintervention, 2006 as the implementation, and 2007 as the postintervention period. METHODS: We estimated the intervention effect using electronic medical record data and hierarchical linear models. The intervention was a PST displaying "care gaps" and recommendations for glycosylated hemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure screening and control; retinopathy, nephropathy, and foot screening; aspirin, statin, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or beta-blocker use; and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination. Participants were qualifying PCPs and health maintenance organizations; patients. Patients had DM or CVD and 12 months of membership (n = 30,273 DM; 26,414 CVD). Main measures were mean percentages of care recommendations that were met by PCPs per patient per month (the care score). RESULTS: From 2005 to 2007, the mean care score (95% confidence interval) increased for both DM and CVD, from 63.5 (62.7, 64.3) to 70.6 (69.8, 71.4) and from 67.9 (67.2, 68.7) to 72.6 (71.9, 73.3), respectively. After adjustments, DM and CVD patients had improvements in the care score of 7.6 and 5.1, respectively, in 2007 compared with 2005 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Delivery of care recommendations for DM and CVD improved after implementation of a PST. More research is necessary to optimize results and determine whether patient outcomes improve.