Hidden Diversity in Eigenmannia (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) Populations from Upper Paraná and Paraguay Rivers.

Eigenmannia is a highly diverse genus within the Sternopygidae family, comprising 30 species. Due to its complex taxonomy, molecular analyses have been crucial for species delimitation within this group. Therefore, the present study presents a genetic analysis using sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) in specimens previously identified through alpha taxonomy as E. correntes (with unpublished data), E. virescens, and E. trilineata, originating from various locations within the Upper Paraná and Paraguay River basins in Brazil. The molecular data confirm the taxonomic complexity of the genus, as individuals morphologically identified as E. virescens and E. trilineata shared the same haplotype (H52). Furthermore, the results of the species delimitation tests suggest that specimens morphologically identified as E. virescens belong to the species E. trilineata. In addition, samples morphologically identified as E. correntes may correspond to more than one Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). Furthermore, the intraspecific Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) distances within the different studied populations are significant. This study has contributed valuable information about genetic diversity in Eigenmannia, emphasizing the importance of using integrative analyses to resolve taxonomic conflicts within the group. It also supports biogeographical studies and assists in biodiversity conservation efforts.

Cytogenetic and Molecular Characterization of Eigenmannia aff. desantanai (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae): A First Report of System of Sex Chromosomes ZW1W2/ZZ in Gymnotiformes.

Gymnotiformes a monophyletic group of fish endemic to the Neotropics, represent an important component of the freshwater ichthyofauna that presents relevant taxonomic problems. Thus, in view of the morphological complexity involving Eigenmannia (Gymnotiformes) fish species, this study aimed to characterize Eigenmannia aff. desantanai of the upper Paraguay River basin through cytogenetic and molecular analyses, to help in the correct identification and delimitation of species. This study reports a multiple sex system of the type ZW1W2/ZZ, with 2n = 31 for females and 2n = 30 for males. A single pair of chromosomes carrying the nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) was detected. The heterochromatin was colocated in NOR sites and mainly located in the centromeric regions of chromosomes. Besides that, individual sequences COI from the specimens of E. aff. desantanai were obtained, totalizing three haplotypes. The distance p between the haplotypes in E. aff. desantanai, ranged from 0.2% to 7.1%. Species delimitation tests indicated the existence of two possible operational taxonomic units of E. aff. desantanai. Thus, this study reports a new multiple sex system in Gymnotiformes and these specimens previously identified as E. aff. desantanai may belong to two distinct species.

Evidence of validity of internal structure of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12) in Brazilian adolescents with chronic health conditions.

This study explored the evidence of validity of internal structure of the 12-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Wellbeing Scale (FACIT-Sp-12) in Brazilian adolescents with chronic health conditions. The study involved 301 Brazilian adolescents with cancer, type 1 diabetes mellitus, or cystic fibrosis. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Item Response Theory (IRT) were used to test the internal structure. Reliability was determined with Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega. The EFA suggested a one-dimensional scale structure in contrast to the original 2-factor model or the 3-factor model which were not reproduced in the current CFA. All quality indicators for the EFA one-factor exceeded the required criteria (FDI = 0.97, EAP = 0.97, SR = 3.96 and EPTD = 0.96, latent GH = 0.90. and the observed GH = 0.85). The FACIT-Sp-12 for adolescents yielded strong evidence for a 1-factor model and with good reliability.

Educação tecnológica hibrida blended learning adesão ao paciente hipertenso: ensaio clinico randomizado / Hybrid technology education blended learning hypertension patient support: randomized clinical trial

Avaliar a influência do uso da tecnologia educacional híbrida blended learning (ensino presencial associado por meio do ambiente virtual de aprendizado "E-Care da Hipertensão") na melhoria do controle da pressão arterial. Métodos: Ensaio Clinico Randomizado Controlado, realizado no período de novembro de 2015 a março de 2016,dividido em dois grupos: a) Grupo Hibrido com 14 pacientes submetidos a orientação individual por meio da consulta de Enfermagem a cada 20 dias com a utilização do recurso tecnológico educacional digital "E-Care da Hipertensão" ; b) Grupo Controle com 16 pacientes em que se utilizou da consulta com orientação individual por meio da consulta de Enfermagem a cada 20 dias sem o uso da tecnologia educacional. Os grupos foram acompanhados por 120 dias, utilizando o Teste de Morisk-Green, e exame da MAPA e WHOQOL-bref na randomização e aos 120 dias. Resultados: Para o Grupo Hibrido quando realizadas as comparações no início do estudo (momento da randomização) ao final 120 dias observou-se diferenças estatísticas em relação a diversas variáveis, a saber: a) circunferência abdominal, na randomização 99,61±10 vs. 96,69±8 (p=0,006); b) em relação a MAPA na pressão arterial sistólica PAS de vigília (PAS) 159,61±15mmHg vs. 143,30±19mmHg (p=< 0,001); c) pressão arterial diastólica na vigília (PAD) 106,61±12mmHg vs. 95,92±15mmHg (p= < 0,001); d) quanto a carga pressórica da MAPA na randomização para PAS na vigília obteve-se 93,28±7mmHg vs. 66,38±31mmHg (p=0,003); e) quanto aos valores da PAD 92,63±11mmHg vs. 70,96±28mmHg (p=0,002). Conclusão: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nos resultados analisados em 120 dias com o uso da tecnologia educacional na modalidade hibrida quando comparada com o grupo controle que realizou apenas consulta individual pelo enfermeiro

The Hypertension is a chronic manageable, however, in clinical practice several difficulties in joining the therapeutic plan. In this regard, several studies analyze the influence of different educational technologies in therapeutic adhesion, but little is known about educational technology hybrid. Objective: Evaluate the influence of the use of educational technology hybrid (face-to-face education associated through the virtual environment of learning "E-Care of hypertension") in improving blood pressure control. Method: Clinical Randomized Controlled Study divided into two groups: the Hybrid Group with 14) patients undergoing individual guidance through the nursing consultation every 20 days with the use of educational technology digital feature "E-Care of hypertension"; In hybrid mode b) control group with 16 patients in which the query was used with individual guidance through the nursing consultation every 20 days without the use of educational technology. All patients in both groups were followed for 120 days and 7 queries. The research took place in the period of December 2014 to March 2017. Approved by the CEP under CAAE 08625112.7.0000.0068. Results: There were no differences with statistical significance between the groups on randomization and at the end of 120 days as socio demographic and hemodynamic variables. However when held Control Group comparison in 120 days and randomization in relation to your perception about the WHOQOL quality of lifestatistical difference was observed between the beginning of the study (randomization) 2,73±0,9 vs. 3,80±0,94 to 120 days (p=0,012). For the Hybrid Group when performed comparisons at the beginning of the study (time of randomization) the end 120 days statistics differences were observed in relation to several variables, namely: a) abdominal circumference the randomization 99,61±10 vs. 96,69±8 (p=0,006); b) for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) in systolic blood pressure, SBP in awake 159.61± 15mmHg vs. 143.30 ± 19mmHg (p = < 0.001); c) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on the eve 106,61±12mmHg vs. 95,92±15mmHg (p = < 0,001);d) as the pressure load of the (ABPM) on randomization to SBP on vigiía was obtained 93,28±7mmHg vs. 66,38±31mmHg (p=0,003); e) as for the values of the SBP 92,63±11mmHg vs. 70,96±28mmHg (p=0,002); f) for the period of sleep SBP obtained value of 140,61± 15mmHg vs. 131,38± 21mmHg (p = 0,044); g) with respect to DBP the values were 86,37± 24mmHg vs. 71,06±31mmHg (p=0,039). As for the test of Morisky-Gren, was not with statistical significance differences between the Hybrid Group and the Control Group. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the results analyzed in 120 days with the use of educational technology in hybrid mode when compared with the control group which held only individual consultation by a nurse. On the other hand, the comparison between the study group itself, proved to be effective with satisfactory results and may be an alternative to be perfected as an educational tool

Spiritual Needs of Brazilian Children and Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses: A Thematic Analysis.

PURPOSE: To identify the spiritual needs of children and adolescents with chronic illnesses and how these needs are met by health professionals during hospitalization. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was developed with 35 children and adolescents, between 7 and 18 years old, diagnosed with cancer, cystic fibrosis, and type 1 diabetes. Interviews with photo-elicitation were conducted during the hospitalization at a Brazilian public pediatric hospital. Findings were treated using thematic analysis, and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) was followed for quality reporting. This research was approved by a research committee. RESULTS: Two themes emerged. The first, entitled 'Spiritual needs', encompasses five types of needs: (1) need to integrate meaning and purpose in life; (2) need to sustain hope; (3) need for expression of faith and to follow religious practices; (4) need for comfort at the end of life; and (5) need to connect with family and friends. The second theme was the 'Definition of spiritual care'. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with chronic illnesses have spiritual needs while in hospital. Meeting these needs is essential for finding meaning, purpose and hope in the experience of living with chronic illnesses and at the end of life, based on their faith, beliefs and interpersonal relationships. But, these needs have not been fully addressed during hospitalization. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: These results emphasize the need to implement spiritual care when caring for hospitalized pediatric patients, which includes addressing spiritual needs.

Measuring Spiritual Well-Being in Brazilian Adolescents with Chronic Illness Using the FACIT-Sp-12: Age Adaptation of the Self-Report Version, Development of the Parental-Report Version, and Validation.

Spiritual well-being is a major issue in health care, but instruments for measuring this construct in adolescents are lacking. This study adapted the 12-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12) for use with Brazilian adolescents with chronic diseases and developed a parental observer-rated version, using an expert panel, back-translation, and cognitive interviews with 72 participants. The psychometric properties of both versions were verified with two- and three-factor models by testing with 212 participants. The self- and parental-reported versions showed face validity, content validity, and acceptable levels of internal consistency for the overall scale and the two-factor model. The convergent validity was satisfactory for most items in both two- and three-factor models, but there was a lack of discrimination in the three-factor model using multitrait-multimethod analysis. This study presents the first instrument to assess the spiritual well-being of adolescents from their point of view and to allow their parents to serve as evaluators. However, we recommend further psychometric testing of the self- and parental-report scales to assess spiritual well-being in adolescents with chronic diseases in Brazil.

Constitutive heterochromatin heteromorphism in the Neotropical armored catfish Hypostomusregani (Ihering, 1905) (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) from the Paraguay River basin (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil).

A cytogenetic analysis based on the integration of a number of different chromosomal methodologies, including chromosome microdissection was carried out to characterize the chromosomally polymorphic Hypostomusregani population from the Paraguay River basin, state of Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil. All specimens had 2n=72 (FN=116) but two distinct karyotype formulas: karyomorph A (12m+14sm+18s+28a) and karyomorph B (13m+14sm+17st+28a). Karyomorph A and B differed only for pair 19 that consisted of two subtelocentrics in karyomorph A and a large metacentric and a subtelocentric in karyomorph B. This heteromorphism was due to extensive heterochromatinization of the short arm of the large metacentric, as highlighted by C-banding. The microdissection of the large metacentric of pair 19 allowed the production of a probe, named HrV (Hypostomusregani Variant), that hybridized to the whole p arm of the large metacentric and the pericentromeric region of the short arm of its (subtelocentric) homologue (karyomorph B) and of both homologs of pair 19 in karyomorph A. Additional cytogenetic techniques (FISH with 18S and 5S rDNA probes, CMA3 and DAPI staining) allowed a finer distinction of the two karyomorphs. These results reinforced the hypothesis that the novel large metacentric of H.regani (karyomorph B) was the result of the amplification of heterochromatin segments, which contributed to karyotypic diversification in this species.

Psychometric evaluation of the Moral Distress Risk Scale: A methodological study.

BACKGROUND:: Moral distress is a kind of suffering that nurses may experience when they act in ways that are considered inconsistent with moral values, leading to a perceived compromise of moral integrity. Consequences are mostly negative and include physical and psychological symptoms, in addition to organizational implications. OBJECTIVE:: To psychometrically test the Moral Distress Risk Scale. RESEARCH DESIGN:: A methodological study was realized. Data were submitted to exploratory factorial analysis through the SPSS statistical program. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT:: In total, 268 nurses from hospitals and primary healthcare settings participated in this research during the period of March to June of 2016. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS:: This research has ethics committee approval. FINDINGS:: The Moral Distress Risk Scale is composed of 7 factors and 30 items; it shows evidence of acceptable reliability and validity with a Cronbach's α = 0.913, a total variance explained of 59%, a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin = 0.896, and a significant Bartlett <0.001. DISCUSSION:: Concerns about moral distress should be beyond acute care settings, and a tool to help clarify critical points in other healthcare contexts may add value to moral distress speech. CONCLUSION:: Psychometric results reveal that the Moral Distress Risk Scale can be applied in different healthcare contexts.

Validation of a Brazilian version of the moral sensitivity questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: Moral sensitivity has been identified as a foundational component of ethical action. Diminished or absent moral sensitivity can result in deficient care. In this context, assessing moral sensitivity is imperative for designing interventions to facilitate ethical practice and ensure that nurses make appropriate decisions. OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to validate a scale for examining the moral sensitivity of Brazilian nurses. RESEARCH DESIGN: A pre-existing scale, the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, which was developed by Lützén, was used after the deletion of three items. The reliability and validity of the scale were examined using Cronbach's alpha and factor analysis, respectively. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT: Overall, 316 nurses from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, participated in the study. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Research of the Nursing School of the University of São Paulo. FINDINGS: The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire contained 27 items that were distributed across four dimensions: interpersonal orientation, professional knowledge, moral conflict and moral meaning. The questionnaire accounted for 55.8% of the total variance, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. The mean score for moral sensitivity was 4.45 (out of 7). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of this study were compared with studies from other countries to examine the structure and implications of the moral sensitivity of nurses in Brazil. The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire is an appropriate tool for examining the moral sensitivity of Brazilian nurses.

Double nursing degree: potentialities and challenges of an international student academic experience. / Dupla titulação em enfermagem: potencialidades e desafios de uma experiência de internacionalização acadêmica discente.

Objective To share the experience of a Double Nursing degree promoted between the Nursing School of the Universidade de São Paulo and the Health Sciences Institute of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, reflecting on the potentialities and challenges of this opportunity for graduate students. Method This is an experience report presented in chronological order and of a descriptive nature. The double degree in Nursing was accomplished over a period of 6 months in a different institution from the institution of origin. Results Among the activities developed during the Double Degree are: participating in examining boards, congresses, seminars, courses, meetings, lectures, colloquium, classes, research groups and technical visits to health services. A table presents and describes the main benefits of the experience experienced by the authors. Conclusion When well-planned and well-developed, a double degree can promote personal, cultural and professional development of the students, favoring internationalization and contributing to the qualification of graduate programs.

Spiritual Coping: A Focus of New Nursing Diagnoses.

OBJECTIVE: To define the antecedents, consequents, and attributes of spiritual coping. METHODS: Rodgers' evolutionary model for concept analysis was used to guide an integrative literature review of qualitative research. FINDINGS: Six qualitative articles were included and elements that define and contextualize the concept were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Three new nursing diagnoses are proposed, based on qualitative findings. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: These new diagnoses should be submitted to clinical validation in different cultural and religious backgrounds, but the inclusion in the taxonomy highlights a holistic perspective concerning the spiritual dimension of patients' responses in life and health transitions, and so, bringing the approach to spirituality into nursing practice. OBJECTIVO: Definir os antecedentes, os consequentes e os atributos de coping espiritual. MÉTODOS: Modelo evolucionário de análise de conceitos de Beth Rodgers baseado numa revisão integrativa de literatura de pesquisa qualitativa. RESULTADOS: Seis pesquisas qualitativas foram incluídas e os elementos que definem e contextualizam o conceito foram identificados. CONCLUSÕES: São propostos três novos diagnósticos de enfermagem, baseados na evidência de estudos qualitativos. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA: Estes novos diagnósticos devem ser submetidos a estudos de validação clínica em diferentes contextos culturais e religiosos, e quando incluídos na taxonomia estarão a enfatizar uma perspectiva holística das respostas dos pacientes relacionada à dimensão espiritual e, assim, promovendo a inclusão da espiritualidade na prática clínica.

Sofrimento moral em enfermeiros: descrição do risco para profissionais / Sofrimiento moral en enfermeros: descripción del riesgo para los profesionales / Moral distress in nurses: a description of the risks for professionals

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil de enfermeiros e a frequência de ocorrência de fatores de risco de sofrimento moral. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, realizado com 268 enfermeiros assistenciais, atuantes no Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), em de instituições hospitalares e unidades de saúde de atenção primária, durante os meses de março e julho de 2016. A coleta de dados foi online, através da ferramenta GoogleDocs. Foram utilizadas uma escala de risco de sofrimento moral e um conjunto de variáveis para caracterização do participante e do seu contexto de trabalho. Resultados: a amostra foi constituída, sobretudo, por mulheres, jovens, que mantinham um vínculo empregatício, trabalhavam entre 36h e 40h por semana, com renda mensal média entre cinco e sete salários mínimos e cerca de dez anos de experiência na enfermagem. O risco de sofrimento moral foi considerado moderado, com um considerável percentual de profissionais demonstrando intenção de abandonar o emprego atual. Conclusão: o sofrimento moral é uma realidade vivenciada pelos enfermeiros investigados, sendo a identificação dos fatores de risco uma das ferramentas no processo de construção de estratégias de enfrentamento.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el perfil de enfermeros y la frecuencia de ocurrencia de factores de riesgo de sufrimiento moral. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, realizado con 268 enfermeros asistenciales actuantes en Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), en instituciones hospitalarias y unidades de salud de atención primaria, durante los meses de marzo y julio de 2016. La recolección de datos fue online, a través de la herramienta GoogleDocs. Se utilizó una escala de riesgo de sufrimiento moral y un conjunto de variables para caracterización del participante y de su contexto de trabajo. Resultados: la muestra fue constituida, sobre todo, por mujeres, jóvenes, que mantenían un vínculo laboral, trabajan entre las 36h y las 40h por semana, con ingresos mensuales promedio entre cinco y siete salarios mínimos y cerca de diez años de experiencia en la enfermería. El riesgo de sufrimiento moral fue considerado moderado, con un considerable porcentaje de profesionales demostrando intención de abandonar el empleo actual. Conclusión: el sufrimiento moral es una realidad vivenciada por los enfermeros investigados, siendo la identificación de los factores de riesgo una de las herramientas en el proceso de construcción de estrategias de enfrentamiento.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the profile of nurses and the occurrence and frequency of risk factors regarding moral distress. Method: a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with 268 nurses working in hospitals and primary health care units in the Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), between the months of March and July, 2016. Data collection was performed using the online Google Docs tool. A moral distress risk scale and a set of variables were used to characterize the participants and their context. Results: the sample mainly consisted of young women who worked between 36 and 40 hours a week, with an average monthly income between five and sevem wages and about 10 years of nursing experience. The risk of moral distress was considered moderate, with a considerable percentage of professionals showing an intention to abandon their current job. Conclusion: moral distress is a reality experienced by the nurses under study, and the identification of risk factors is one of the tools used to create coping strategies.

Dupla titulação em enfermagem: potencialidades e desafios de uma experiência de internacionalização acadêmica discente / Doble titulación en enfermería: potencialidades y retos de una experiencia de internacionalización académica discente / Double nursing degree: potentialities and challenges of an international student academic experience

RESUMO Objetivo Compartilhar a experiência da dupla titulação em enfermagem promovida entre a Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo e o Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, fazendo uma reflexão sobre as potencialidades e os desafios dessa oportunidade para o estudante de pós-graduação. Método Trata-se de um relato de experiência apresentado em ordem cronológica e de natureza descritiva. A dupla titulação em enfermagem foi realizada no período de 6 meses, em instituição diferente da de origem. Resultados Dentre as atividades desenvolvidas durante a dupla titulação destacam-se: participação em bancas de defesa, congressos, seminário, cursos, encontros, palestras, colóquios, aulas, grupos de pesquisa e visita técnica aos serviços de saúde. Um quadro apresenta e descreve os principais benefícios da experiência vivenciada pelas autoras. Conclusão A dupla titulação, quando bem planejada e desenvolvida, pode promover o desenvolvimento pessoal, cultural e profissional do estudante, favorecendo a internacionalização e contribuindo para a qualificação dos programas de pós-graduação.

RESUMEN Objetivo Compartir la experiencia de la doble titulación en enfermería promovida entre la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de São Paulo y el Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Católica Portuguesa, mediante una reflexión acerca de las potencialidades y los desafíos de esa oportunidad para el estudiante de posgrado. Método Se trata de un relato de experiencia presentado en orden cronológico y de naturaleza descriptiva. La doble titulación en enfermería fue llevada a cabo en el período de seis meses, en centro distinto de aquel de origen. Resultados Entre las actividades desarrolladas durante la doble titulación, se destacan: participación en tribunales de defensa, congresos, seminarios, cursos, encuentros, charlas, coloquios, clases, grupos de investigación y visita técnica a los servicios sanitarios. Un recuadro presenta y describe los principales beneficios de la experiencia vivida por las autoras. Conclusión La doble titulación, cuando bien planificada y desarrollada, puede promover el desarrollo personal, cultural y profesional del estudiante, favoreciendo la internacionalización y contribuyendo a la calificación de los programas de posgrado.

ABSTRACT Objective To share the experience of a Double Nursing degree promoted between the Nursing School of the Universidade de São Paulo and the Health Sciences Institute of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, reflecting on the potentialities and challenges of this opportunity for graduate students. Method This is an experience report presented in chronological order and of a descriptive nature. The double degree in Nursing was accomplished over a period of 6 months in a different institution from the institution of origin. Results Among the activities developed during the Double Degree are: participating in examining boards, congresses, seminars, courses, meetings, lectures, colloquium, classes, research groups and technical visits to health services. A table presents and describes the main benefits of the experience experienced by the authors. Conclusion When well-planned and well-developed, a double degree can promote personal, cultural and professional development of the students, favoring internationalization and contributing to the qualification of graduate programs.

The possibilities and challenges in providing pediatric spiritual care.

The purpose of this article was to present discussions on how pediatric nurses can perform spiritual care to children and adolescents and discuss the challenges of integrating such care in health-care settings. Based on the literature, the article presents an overview of spiritual care in pediatric settings highlighting the assessment of spirituality, expected outcomes, and the corresponding nursing interventions. Spiritual care provided to children and adolescents should take into account all aspects of the developmental stage, life experiences, and familiar and sociocultural contexts. Different approaches can be used to perform spiritual care. However, lack of knowledge and time are highlighted as the main challenges in integrating spiritual care into the clinical practice. Spiritual care is crucial to the well-being of children and adolescents in times of illness and hospitalization when the goal is to provide holistic care.

Sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros avaliada por scoping review / Moral sensitivity of nurses assessed through scoping review / Sensibilidad moral de los enfermeros evaluada por Scoping review

Esse estudo tem como objetivo identificar os fatores que influenciam a sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros nos serviços de saúde, a partir de publicações sobre a temática. Para tanto, realizou-se uma scoping review no período de agosto a dezembro de 2015 em bases de dados da literatura em saúde. Foram incluídos artigos teóricos e originais realizados com estudantes de Enfermagem e equipes de saúde com enfermeiros, publicados em inglês, espanhol e português. A amostra foi de 28 estudos. Da análise, resultaram duas categorias: "fatores pessoais" e "fatores contextuais" da sensibilidade moral. Conclui-se que o fator que tem maior peso na formação/expressão da sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros são os "fatores pessoais". A sensibilidade moral tem uma natureza multidimensional, e que precisa ser complementada com uma preparação do enfermeiro para identificar e lidar de forma responsável e prudente com os problemas éticos da prática (AU).

This study aims to identify the factors that influence the moral sensitivity of nurses in health services, based on publications on the theme. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review for the August-December 2015 period in health literature databases. Theoretical and original studies with nursing students and health teams with nurses, published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, were included. The sample consisted of 28 studies. Two categories emerged from the analysis: "personal factors" and "contextual factors" of moral sensitivity. We concluded that "personal factors" have the greatest impact on the formation/expression of moral sensitivity of nurses. Moral sensibility has a multidimensional nature and must be complemented with nurse's training to identify and deal responsibly and prudently with the ethical problems of clinical practice (AU).

Estudio cuyo objetivo fue identificar los factores que influyen en la sensibilidad moral de los enfermeros en los servicios de salud, a partir de publicaciones sobre la temática. Para ello, se realizó una scoping review entre agosto y diciembre de 2015, en bases de datos de literatura en salud. Fueron incluidos artículos teóricos y originales realizados con estudiantes de Enfermería y equipos de salud con enfermeros, publicados en inglés, español y portugués. La muestra incluyó 28 estudios. Del análisis surgieron dos categorías: "factores personales" y "factores conceptuales" de la sensibilidad moral. Se concluye en que el factor de mayor peso en la formación/expresión de la sensibilidad moral de los enfermeros son los "factores personales". La sensibilidad moral tiene naturaleza multidimensional, que necesita complementarse con preparación del enfermero para identificar y enfrentar de manera responsable y prudente los problemas éticos de la práctica (AU).

Comparative Cytogenetics of the Black Ghost Knifefish (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae): Evidence of Chromosomal Fusion and Pericentric Inversions in Karyotypes of Two Apteronotus Species.

The karyotype and chromosomal characteristics of Apteronotus albifrons and Apteronotus caudimaculosus collected from populations of two different large Brazilian river basins were analyzed by conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques, to contribute to the differentiation and identification of the species in this genus. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 24 for A. albifrons, but with difference in the karyotype structure and fundamental number values between two populations under study. In A. caudimaculosus, the diploid chromosome number was 2n = 26, which was classified as 22 metacentric (m), 2 submetacentric (sm), and 2 acrocentric (a) chromosomes. Heterochromatins were preferentially located in pericentromeric regions for both species. However, there are more C-banded chromosomes in A. caudimaculosus than A. albifrons. The sites of 18S DNA as revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the karyotypes of both species corresponded to sites revealed by Ag impregnation, although some additional 18S rDNA sites were observed in the genome of A. caudimaculosus. FISH with 5S rDNA-probe revealed interstitial sites on the m pair No. 1 for individuals of both A. albifrons populations, and in pericentromeric regions on the long arm of pair Nos. 5 and 9 in those of A. caudimaculosus. The karyotypes of A. albifrons and A. caudimaculosus indicated a reduction of 2n resulting from chromosomal fusion, as could be hypothesized from the presence of an interstitial telomere sequence in two chromosome pairs in karyotype of A. caudimaculosus. Thus, the present study demonstrated species-specific cytogenetic markers of otherwise morphologically very similar species A. albifrons and A. caudimaculosus.

Moral sensitivity in Primary Health Care nurses.

OBJECTIVE: to characterize the profile and describe the moral sensitivity of primary health care nurses. METHOD: this is a quantitative, transversal, exploratory, descriptive study. The data were collected through the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire translated and adapted to Brazil. 100 primary health care nurses participated, from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The data collection took place during the months of March and July 2016, in an online form. The analysis of the data occurred through descriptive statistical analysis. RESULTS: the nurses had an average moral sensitivity of 4.5 (out of 7). The dimensions with the greatest moral sensitivity were: interpersonal orientation, professional knowledge, moral conflict and moral meaning. CONCLUSION: the nurses of Rio Grande do Sul have a moderate moral sensitivity, which may contribute to a lower quality in Primary Health Care.

Moral sensitivity in Primary Health Care nurses / Sensibilidad moral de enfermeros de la Atención Primaria a la Salud / Sensibilidade moral de enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize the profile and describe the moral sensitivity of primary health care nurses. Method: this is a quantitative, transversal, exploratory, descriptive study. The data were collected through the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire translated and adapted to Brazil. 100 primary health care nurses participated, from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The data collection took place during the months of March and July 2016, in an online form. The analysis of the data occurred through descriptive statistical analysis. Results: the nurses had an average moral sensitivity of 4.5 (out of 7). The dimensions with the greatest moral sensitivity were: interpersonal orientation, professional knowledge, moral conflict and moral meaning. Conclusion: the nurses of Rio Grande do Sul have a moderate moral sensitivity, which may contribute to a lower quality in Primary Health Care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil y describir la sensibilidad moral de los enfermeros de la Atención Primaria a la Salud. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, exploratorio descriptivo. Los datos fueron recogidos por medio del Cuestionario de Sensibilidad Moral traducido y adaptado para Brasil. Participaron 100 enfermeros de la Atención Primaria a la Salud de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La recogida de datos ocurrió durante los meses de marzo y julio de 2016, de forma en línea. El análisis de los datos ocurrió por medio de análisis estadística descriptiva. Resultados: los enfermeros presentaron un promedio de sensibilidad moral de 4,5 (de 7). Las dimensiones con mayor sensibilidad moral fueron: orientación interpersonal, conocimiento del profesional, conflicto moral y significado moral. Conclusión: los enfermeros de Rio Grande do Sul presentan una moderada sensibilidad moral, pudiendo eso aportar para la realización de una asistencia de menor cualidad en la Atención Primaria a la Salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil e descrever a sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, exploratório descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Questionário de Sensibilidade Moral traduzido e adaptado para o Brasil. Participaram 100 enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu durante os meses de março e julho de 2016, de forma online. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: os enfermeiros apresentaram uma média de sensibilidade moral de 4,5 (de 7). As dimensões com maior sensibilidade moral foram: orientação interpessoal, conhecimento do profissional, conflito moral e significado moral. Conclusão: os enfermeiros do Rio Grande do Sul apresentam uma moderada sensibilidade moral, podendo isso contribuir para a realização de uma assistência de menor qualidade na Atenção Primária à Saúde.