ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the associations between sleep, mood and behaviour in young children in the early stages of developing psychopathology. The purpose here was to examine the association of emotional problems, especially mood, with family and child characteristics, sleep and behavioural problems in 4-12 year-old children. METHODS: The sample was population-based and included 1714 children. Parents filled in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and a background questionnaire on child and family characteristics. The associations between (a) emotional symptoms/mood and background variables, (b) emotional problems and conduct problems/hyperactivity and (c) mood and conduct problems/hyperactivity were examined with ordinal regression in univariate and multivariate models. RESULTS: Of the background variables, child's sleeping problems had the most powerful association with emotional symptoms and mood. Abnormal emotional problems score and emotional symptoms were associated with abnormal conduct problems and hyperactivity scores. Of the emotional symptoms, low mood was the one associated most strongly with conduct problems and hyperactivity after controlling for all significant background variables and other emotional symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in young children sleep problems associate with low mood. Low mood associates with behavioural problems. When a child presents with low mood or behavioural problems, a comprehensive assessment of their psychiatric symptoms, as well as their sleep problems, is recommended.
ABSTRACT
Service as a form of scholarship of application is examined from the perspectives of academic and practice experiences of professional nurses. Emphasis is placed on the evolution of services. Data and case studies are provided to illustrate varied ways in which nurses are expertly providing service to the profession and community. The need to explore further the innovative contributions nurses make through scholarly service is stressed.
Subject(s)
Altruism , Ethics, Nursing , Nursing Care/methods , Faculty, Nursing , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Ohio , Professional Practice , Social Change , Social ResponsibilityABSTRACT
Expanding shared governance beyond practice issues reaps positive outcomes such as quality staff leadership, enhanced communication to all nursing staff and increased high-level decision making beyond practice issues. Decisions may take slightly longer than with one council, as the cycle-time through multiple councils is greater, but recommendations are made with greater staff input and have a greater opportunity for success. Because of current changes in skill-mix and patient-focused care systems, involving staff in management, education, and quality issues as well as practice ones helps staff to successfully implement new delivery systems.
Subject(s)
Decision Making, Organizational , Hospital Restructuring/organization & administration , Nursing, Supervisory/organization & administration , Professional Staff Committees/organization & administration , HumansABSTRACT
As clients age, traditional teaching tools become ineffective. This article illustrates how integrating the client's age-related changes, present disease processes, level of education, and motivation into the teaching plan can facilitate learning.
Subject(s)
Aging , Geriatric Nursing/methods , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/physiology , Aging/psychology , Female , Humans , Patient Care Planning , Psychology, EducationalSubject(s)
Gastroenteritis/therapy , Glucose , Oryza , Rehydration Solutions , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/therapy , Fluid Therapy , Humans , Infant , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , SwedenSubject(s)
Christianity , Societies, Nursing , Accreditation , Education, Nursing/standards , Humans , Leadership , United StatesABSTRACT
The gastrointestinal blood loss during intake of two ampicillin esters (pivampicillin and bacampicillin) was studied in 10 male volunteers. A radioactive chromium method was used. The study was performed with a double-blind cross-over technique. Pivampicillin seemed to give a slightly higher increase in gastrointestinal blood loss compared to placebo and bacampicillin but these bleedings are probably of no clinical significance.
Subject(s)
Ampicillin/analogs & derivatives , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Pivampicillin/adverse effects , Adult , Ampicillin/adverse effects , Clinical Trials as Topic , Double-Blind Method , Feces/analysis , Humans , Male , Placebos , Research DesignSubject(s)
Ampicillin/analogs & derivatives , Bronchitis/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Ampicillin/administration & dosage , Ampicillin/blood , Ampicillin/therapeutic use , Bronchitis/microbiology , Chronic Disease , Clinical Trials as Topic , Female , Haemophilus influenzae , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sputum/metabolism , Sputum/microbiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
An automatic data handling system for the storage and evaluation of data from investigations on sexually-transmitted diseases has been developed. Among the clinical applications are epidemiological investigations, evaluation of diagnostic procedures, and evaluation of treatment regimens. One of the main features of the system is its flexibility, which allows the inclusion of an unlimited number of further evaluation programs. After a running-in period of about 3 years, during which time a number of changes were found to be necessary, the method has been found to satisfy medical and data processing requirements.