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1.
J Pediatr Nurs ; 75: 80-88, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38118301

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: With the Virtual Reality (VR) technique, 3D movies can be made for refugee children for pre-operative stress. The study aims to reveal the oxidative responses of the VR technique in pre-operative anxiety in elective surgery in children aged 5-12 years. METHODS: The Study was designed according to the CONSORT checklist with a randomized controlled parallel design. The whole sample (n = 23), VR experimental group (n = 12), and control group (n = 11) were determined according to the total count method prospectively in 6 months. Oxidative stress parameters (Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, Nitric oxide, Glutathione) were measured in blood samples from the first hospitalization (beginning) and before the intervention (pre-operative) in the experimental and control groups. FINDINGS: MDA, NO, and cortisol levels (p < 0.05), which indicate the stress level, are high in all groups. In pre-operative measurements, oxidative parameters were lower in the VR experimental group than in the control group. At the same time, the anti-stress antioxidant factor Glutathione was higher in the VR experimental group in pre-operative measurements. DISCUSSION: The application of 3D film as a VR technique reduces stress parameters in pre-operative stress, and its antioxidant system activating effect has been determined. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE: It can be applied to refugee child groups for pre-operative stress by shooting 3D movies in different languages.


Subject(s)
Refugees , Virtual Reality , Child , Humans , Antioxidants , Hydrocortisone , Anxiety , Oxidative Stress , Glutathione
2.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 64(5): 320-325, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723217

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: The induction and inhibition of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes by antiepileptic drugs lead to changes in the clearance of anesthetic drugs eliminated via hepatic metabolism. We investigated the duration of the sedation and additional anesthetic needs during magnetic resonance imaging in epileptic children receiving antiepileptic drugs that cause either enzyme induction or inhibition. Methods: In American Society of Anesthesiology I–II, 120 children aged 3–10 years were included. Group 1: children using antiepileptic drugs that cause cytochrome P450 enzyme induction; Group 2: those using antiepileptic drugs that cause inhibition; and Group 3: those that did not use antiepileptic drugs. Sedation was induced with the use of 0.05 mg kg−1 midazolam and 1 mg kg−1 propofol. An additional 0.05 mg kg−1 of midazolam and rescue propofol (0.5 mg kg−1) were administered and repeated to maintain sedation. The duration of sedation and the additional sedation needed were compared. Results: The duration of the initial dose was significantly shorter in Group I compared with groups II and III (p = 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). It was significantly longer in Group II compared with groups I and III (p = 0.001, p = 0.029, respectively). The additional midazolam needed for adequate sedation was increased in Group I when compared with groups II and III (p = 0.010, p = 0.001, respectively). In addition, the rescue propofol dose was significantly higher only in Group I when compared with Group III (p = 0.002). Conclusion: In epileptic children, the response variability to the initial sedative agents during the magnetic resonance imaging procedure resulting from the inhibition or induction of the cytochrome P450 isoenzymes by the antiepileptic drugs mandated the titration of anesthetic agents. .


Justificativa e objetivos: A indução e a inibição das isoenzimas do citocromo P450 pelos medicamentos antiepilépticos levam a alterações na depuração de medicamentos anestésicos eliminados pelo metabolismo hepático. Investigamos a duração da sedação e a necessidade adicional de anestésicos durante a ressonância magnética em crianças epilépticas que receberam antiepilépticos que causam a indução ou a inibição de enzimas. Métodos: Foram incluídas no estudo 120 crianças, estado físico ASA I-II, entre 3-10 anos. Grupo 1: em uso de antiepilépticos que causam a indução de enzimas do citocromo P450; Grupo 2: em uso de antiepilépticos que causam a inibição de enzimas do citocromo P450; e Grupo 3: que não usavam antiepilépticos. A sedação foi induzida com midazolam (0,05 mg kg−1) e propofol (1 mg kg−1). Um adicional de 0,05 mg kg−1 de midazolam e resgate com 0,5 mg kg−1 de propofol foram administrados e repetidos para manter a sedação. A duração da sedação e a sedação adicional necessária foram comparadas. Resultados: A duração da dose inicial foi significativamente menor no Grupo I em comparação com os grupos II e III (p = 0,001, p = 0,003, respectivamente) e significativamente maior no Grupo II em comparação com os grupos I e III (p = 0,001, p = 0,029, respectivamente). A necessidade de midazolam adicional para sedação adequada foi maior no Grupo I em comparação com os grupos II e III (p = 0,010, p = 0,001, respectivamente). Além disso, a dose de resgate de propofol foi significativamente maior apenas no Grupo I em comparação com o Grupo III (p = 0,002). Conclusão: Em crianças epilépticas, a variabilidade ...


Justificación y objetivos: La inducción e inhibición de las isoenzimas del citocromo P450 por los medicamentos antiepilépticos conllevan alteraciones en la depuración de medicamentos anestésicos eliminados por el metabolismo hepático. Investigamos la duración de la sedación y la necesidad adicional de anestésicos durante la resonancia magnética en niños epilépticos que reciben antiepilépticos que causan la inducción o inhibición de enzimas. Métodos: Ciento veinte niños, estado físico ASA I-II, con edades entre los 3 y los 10 años, fueron incluidos en el estudio. Grupo i: niños en tratamiento con antiepilépticos que causan la inducción de enzimas del citocromo P450; grupo ii: niños en tratamiento con antiepilépticos que causan la inhibición; y grupo iii: niños que no estaban bajo en tratamiento con antiepilépticos. La sedación fue inducida con midazolam (0,05 mg/kg−1) y propofol (1 mg/kg−1). Se administró una dosis adicional de 0,05 mg/kg−1 de midazolam y una de rescate con 0,5 mg/kg−1 de propofol y fueron repetidas para mantener la sedación. Se compararon la duración de la sedación y la sedación adicional necesaria. Resultados: La duración de la dosis inicial fue significativamente menor en el grupo i en comparación con los grupos ii y iii (p = 0,001; p = 0,003, respectivamente) y significativamente mayor en el grupo iii en comparación con los grupos i y iii (p = 0,001; p = 0,029 respectivamente). La necesidad de midazolam adicional para la sedación adecuada fue mayor en el grupo i en comparación con los grupos ii y iii (p = 0,010; p = 0,001 respectivamente). Además, la dosis de rescate de propofol fue significativamente mayor solamente en el grupo i en comparación con el grupo iii (p = 0,002). Conclusión: ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Conscious Sedation/instrumentation , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Anticonvulsants/pharmacology
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