Antibacterial Efficacy of Matricaria recutita Essential Oil against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia: In Vitro Study.

AIM: To evaluate in vitro the antibacterial efficacy of Matricaria recutita (chamomile) essential oil at 50 and 75% against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 and Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611 at 24 and 48 hours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 80 discs and Mueller-Hinton Agar, the medium chosen for the culture. To determine the bacterial sensitivity, discs were placed in each Petri dish with concentrations of essential oil at 50 and 75%, distilled water and 0.12% chlorhexidine. Subsequently, the inhibition halos were measured in millimeters at 24 and 48 hours after culture, with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. RESULTS: In groups treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, measurements at 24 and 48 hours yielded 22.14 ± 2.61 and 22.63 ± 2.67 mm for 0.12% chlorhexidine, 18.90 ± 0.41 and 19.22 ± 0.54 mm for 75% essential oil, and 15.55 ± 0.45 and 15.77 ± 0.46 mm for 50% essential oil, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed among the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: No significant differences were found between the antibacterial efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine and 50 and 75% essential oil of Matricaria recutita on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia at 24 and 48 hours. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The study demonstrates that essential oil derived from Matricaria recutita may effectively combat bacteria associated with periodontal disease. This discovery has the potential to impact dental practice by introducing a natural treatment option. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the clinical significance and potential applications of this finding.

Antibacterial Efficacy against Streptococcus mutans of Different Desensitizing Dentifrices: A Comparison In vitro Study.

AIM: To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of desensitizing dentifrices. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An experimental, in vitro, longitudinal, analytical, and prospective study was carried out. Subsequently, the following groups were formed: Streptococcus mutans vs Vitis® Sensible. S. mutans vs Sensodyne® Repair and Protect. Also, S. mutans vs Colgate® Sensitive Pro-ReliefTM and S. mutans vs Colgate Total 12® at 100, 50, 25, and 12.5%. Each Petri dish was properly labeled with the letter corresponding to the toothpaste and was placed in the incubator for 24 hours at 37°C. A 0.12% chlorhexidine solution was used as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. The manuscript was written following the checklist for reporting in vitro studies (CRIS) guidelines. RESULTS: It was found that when comparing the inhibition halos of the desensitizing toothpaste against S. mutans, Colgate® Sensitive Pro-ReliefTM 100% paste had the highest efficacy at 24 and 48 hours with an average of 25.2 ± 1.0 and 23.5 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. On the other way, Sensodyne paste had no efficacy at any of its concentrations 100, 50, 25, and 12.5%. Finally, it was found that there were statistically significant differences between each of the groups evaluated with a p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that mainly the 100% pure concentrations of the desensitizing pastes had antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans. However, Sensodyne® Repair and Protect paste had no effect. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This research has clinical relevance because the use of desensitizing pastes is highly frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to know if these pastes offer an efficient antibacterial effect to control the main microorganisms of the oral cavity.

Freeze-drying of ampicillin solid lipid nanoparticles using mannitol as cryoprotectant

abstract Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are interesting colloidal drug-delivery systems, since they have all the advantages of the lipid and polymeric nanoparticles. Freeze-drying is a widely used process for improving the stability of SLNs. Cryoprotectants have been used to decrease SLN aggregations during freeze-drying. In this study Ampicillin was chosen to be loaded in a cholesterol carrier with nano size range. To support the stability of SLNs, freeze-drying was done using mannitol. Particle size, drug release profile and antibacterial effects were studied after freeze-drying in comparison with primary SLNs. Preparations with 5% mannitol showed the least particle size enlargement. The average particle size was 150 and 187 nm before and after freeze-drying, respectively. Freeze-drying did not affect the release profile of drug loaded nanopartilces. Also our study showed that lyophilization did not change the antimicrobial effect of ampicillin SLNs. DSC analysis showed probability of chemical interaction between ampicillin and cholesterol.

resumo Nanoparticulas lipídicas sólidas (NLSs) são sistemas coloidais de liberação interessantes, uma vez que reúnem todas as vantagens de nanopartículas lipídicas e poliméricas. A liofilização é um processo amplamente utilizado para melhorar a estabilidade das NLSs e os crioprotetores têm sido usados para diminuir a agregação destas durante esse processo. Neste estudo, a ampicilina foi escolhida para ser encapsulada em um carreador de colesterol de escala nanométrica. Para manter a estabilidade das NLSs, a liofilização foi realizada utilizando-se manitol. O tamanho de partícula, o perfil de liberação do fármaco e os efeitos antibacterianos foram estudados após a liofilização em comparação com a NLSs primária. De acordo com os resultados, as preparações que contêm 5% de manitol mostraram o menor aumento do tamanho de partícula. Os resultados de tamanhos médio foram de 150 e 187 nm antes e depois da liofilização, respectivamente. O perfil de liberação prolongada, bem como o efeito antimicrobiano da ampicilina NLSs não foram alterados após a liofilização. A análise por DSC evidenciou provável interação entre a ampicilina e o colesterol.