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1.
Ann Hepatol ; 29(5): 101528, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38971372

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the huge clinical burden of MASLD, validated tools for early risk stratification are lacking, and heterogeneous disease expression and a highly variable rate of progression to clinical outcomes result in prognostic uncertainty. We aimed to investigate longitudinal electronic health record-based outcome prediction in MASLD using a state-of-the-art machine learning model. PATIENTS AND METHODS: n = 940 patients with histologically-defined MASLD were used to develop a deep-learning model for all-cause mortality prediction. Patient timelines, spanning 12 years, were fully-annotated with demographic/clinical characteristics, ICD-9 and -10 codes, blood test results, prescribing data, and secondary care activity. A Transformer neural network (TNN) was trained to output concomitant probabilities of 12-, 24-, and 36-month all-cause mortality. In-sample performance was assessed using 5-fold cross-validation. Out-of-sample performance was assessed in an independent set of n = 528 MASLD patients. RESULTS: In-sample model performance achieved AUROC curve 0.74-0.90 (95 % CI: 0.72-0.94), sensitivity 64 %-82 %, specificity 75 %-92 % and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 94 %-98 %. Out-of-sample model validation had AUROC 0.70-0.86 (95 % CI: 0.67-0.90), sensitivity 69 %-70 %, specificity 96 %-97 % and PPV 75 %-77 %. Key predictive factors, identified using coefficients of determination, were age, presence of type 2 diabetes, and history of hospital admissions with length of stay >14 days. CONCLUSIONS: A TNN, applied to routinely-collected longitudinal electronic health records, achieved good performance in prediction of 12-, 24-, and 36-month all-cause mortality in patients with MASLD. Extrapolation of our technique to population-level data will enable scalable and accurate risk stratification to identify people most likely to benefit from anticipatory health care and personalized interventions.


Subject(s)
Electronic Health Records , Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment , Aged , Prognosis , Cause of Death , Deep Learning , Risk Factors , Predictive Value of Tests , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/mortality , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis , Adult , Neural Networks, Computer , Retrospective Studies
2.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 315: 8-13, 2024 Jul 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39049217

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to validate and refine an information model on pain management in a Brazilian hospital, considering the institutional culture, using an expert consensus approach. The first stage took place through a computerized questionnaire and Content Validity Index calculation. Pain management attributes were considered validated with 75% consensus among 19 experts. The second stage validated and refined the information model by three experts via an online meeting. Results showed that out of 11 evaluated attributes, five were validated. In the second stage, the inclusion of new attributes was suggested to address institutional culture. The final information model resulted from 23 sets of revised attributes: 12 validated, seven suggested and four not validated. The resulting Brazilian model has the potential to support the implementation of interventions and propose improvements to the institution's electronic system, which can be reused in other institutions.


Subject(s)
Pain Management , Brazil , Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results
3.
medRxiv ; 2024 Aug 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38826460

ABSTRACT

Objective: Long COVID, marked by persistent, recurring, or new symptoms post-COVID-19 infection, impacts children's well-being yet lacks a unified clinical definition. This study evaluates the performance of an empirically derived Long COVID case identification algorithm, or computable phenotype, with manual chart review in a pediatric sample. This approach aims to facilitate large-scale research efforts to understand this condition better. Methods: The algorithm, composed of diagnostic codes empirically associated with Long COVID, was applied to a cohort of pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the RECOVER PCORnet EHR database. The algorithm classified 31,781 patients with conclusive, probable, or possible Long COVID and 307,686 patients without evidence of Long COVID. A chart review was performed on a subset of patients (n=651) to determine the overlap between the two methods. Instances of discordance were reviewed to understand the reasons for differences. Results: The sample comprised 651 pediatric patients (339 females, M age = 10.10 years) across 16 hospital systems. Results showed moderate overlap between phenotype and chart review Long COVID identification (accuracy = 0.62, PPV = 0.49, NPV = 0.75); however, there were also numerous cases of disagreement. No notable differences were found when the analyses were stratified by age at infection or era of infection. Further examination of the discordant cases revealed that the most common cause of disagreement was the clinician reviewers' tendency to attribute Long COVID-like symptoms to prior medical conditions. The performance of the phenotype improved when prior medical conditions were considered (accuracy = 0.71, PPV = 0.65, NPV = 0.74). Conclusions: Although there was moderate overlap between the two methods, the discrepancies between the two sources are likely attributed to the lack of consensus on a Long COVID clinical definition. It is essential to consider the strengths and limitations of each method when developing Long COVID classification algorithms.

4.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 48: e40, 2024.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38707778

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Describe the current legislation on electronic medical records (EMR) and telehealth in Latin American countries and analyze the treatment of confidentiality and professional secrecy. Methods: Between March and September 2022, a survey of the regulations in force in 21 Latin American countries was conducted at two levels: the existence of legislation on EMR and telehealth, and the treatment of confidentiality and professional secrecy in EMR and telehealth. A data extraction form was prepared for each country. Data were collected from official on-line sources. The information was analyzed qualitatively and synthesized in tables when possible. Results: The use of EMR is legally regulated in 16 countries. Nineteen countries have legislation on telehealth. All the countries analyzed safeguard confidentiality and professional secrecy through regulations. However, confidentiality and professional secrecy are mentioned in 11 countries in the context of telehealth, and in only nine countries in the context of EMR. Conclusions: Since the start of this century, Latin America has made progress in the legislation of digital tools for health care, such as EMR and telehealth. There is also interest in ethical issues related to the use of EMR and telehealth, particularly confidentiality and professional secrecy, aspects that should be strengthened in digital health.


Objetivo: Descrever a legislação vigente sobre prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde nos países da América Latina e analisar o tratamento da confidencialidade e do sigilo profissional. Métodos: Entre março e setembro de 2022, realizou-se um levantamento sobre a regulamentação vigente nos 21 países latino-americanos incluídos no estudo, em dois níveis: i) existência de legislação sobre prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde; e ii) tratamento da confidencialidade e do sigilo profissional em prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde. Uma planilha para extração de dados foi elaborada para cada país. Os dados foram coletados de fontes oficiais disponíveis on-line. Foi realizada uma análise qualitativa das informações, que foram resumidas em tabelas, quando possível. Resultados: O uso dos prontuários eletrônicos é legalmente regulamentado em 16 países. Quanto à telessaúde, 19 países têm legislação sobre essa ferramenta. Todos os países analisados protegem a confidencialidade e o sigilo profissional por meio de regulamentação. No entanto, no contexto da telessaúde, eles são mencionados em 11 países; já no contexto dos prontuários eletrônicos, em apenas 9 países. Conclusões: Desde o início dos anos 2000, a América Latina vem avançando em relação à legislação sobre ferramentas digitais na atenção à saúde, como prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde. Há também interesse nas questões éticas relacionadas ao uso de prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde, especialmente em relação à confidencialidade e ao sigilo profissional, embora esses aspectos precisem ser reforçados na saúde digital.

5.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38765539

ABSTRACT

Objective: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death globally. Therefore, prevention strategies have been created. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of PPH and its risk factors after implementing a risk stratification at admission in a teaching hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort involving a database of SISMATER® electronic medical record. Classification in low, medium, or high risk for PPH was performed through data filled out by the obstetrician-assistant. PPH frequency was calculated, compared among these groups and associated with the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of PPH was 6.8%, 131 among 1,936 women. Sixty-eight (51.9%) of them occurred in the high-risk group, 30 (22.9%) in the medium-risk and 33 (25.2%) in the low-risk group. The adjusted-odds ratio (OR) for PPH were analyzed using a confidence interval (95% CI) and was significantly higher in who presented multiple pregnancy (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.28 to 6.49), active bleeding on admission (OR 6.12, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), non-cephalic presentation (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), retained placenta (OR 9.39, 95% CI 2.90 to 30.46) and placental abruption (OR 6.95, 95% CI 2.06 to 23.48). Vaginal delivery figured out as a protective factor (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98). Conclusion: Prediction of PPH is still a challenge since its unpredictable factor arrangements. The fact that the analysis did not demonstrate a relationship between risk category and frequency of PPH could be attributable to the efficacy of the strategy: Women classified as "high-risk" received adequate medical care, consequently.


Subject(s)
Electronic Health Records , Postpartum Hemorrhage , Humans , Female , Retrospective Studies , Postpartum Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Postpartum Hemorrhage/etiology , Adult , Risk Factors , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Risk Assessment , Cohort Studies
6.
J Clin Nurs ; 33(7): 2562-2577, 2024 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38597302

ABSTRACT

AIM(S): To demonstrate how interoperable nursing care data can be used by nurses to create a more holistic understanding of the healthcare needs of multiple traumas patients with Impaired Physical Mobility. By proposing and validating linkages for the nursing diagnosis of Impaired Physical Mobility in multiple trauma patients by mapping to the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) and Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) equivalent terms using free-text nursing documentation. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional design, combining quantitative analysis of interoperable data sets and the Kappa's coefficient score with qualitative insights from cross-mapping methodology and nursing professionals' consensus. METHODS: Cross-mapping methodology was conducted in a Brazilian Level 1 Trauma Center using de-identified records of adult patients with a confirmed medical diagnosis of multiple traumas and Impaired Physical Mobility (a nursing diagnosis). The hospital nursing free-text records were mapped to NANDA-I, NIC, NOC and NNN linkages were identified. The data records were retrieved for admissions from September to October 2020 and involved medical and nursing records. Three expert nurses evaluated the cross-mapping and linkage results using a 4-point Likert-type scale and Kappa's coefficient. RESULTS: The de-identified records of 44 patients were evaluated and then were mapped to three NOCs related to nurses care planning: (0001) Endurance; (0204) Immobility Consequences: Physiological, and (0208) Mobility and 13 interventions and 32 interrelated activities: (6486) Environmental Management: Safety; (0840) Positioning; (3200) Aspiration Precautions; (1400) Pain Management; (0940) Traction/Immobilization Care; (3540) Pressure Ulcer Prevention; (3584) Skincare: Topical Treatment; (1100) Nutrition Management; (3660) Wound Care; (1804) Self-Care Assistance: Toileting; (1801) Self-Care Assistance: Bathing/Hygiene; (4130) Fluid Monitoring; and (4200) Intravenous Therapy. The final version of the constructed NNN Linkages identified 37 NOCs and 41 NICs. CONCLUSION: These valid NNN linkages for patients with multiple traumas can serve as a valuable resource that enables nurses, who face multiple time constraints, to make informed decisions efficiently. This approach of using evidence-based linkages like the one developed in this research holds high potential for improving patient's safety and outcomes. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: In this study, there was no direct involvement of patients, service users, caregivers or public members in the design, conduct, analysis and interpretation of data or preparation of the manuscript. The study focused solely on analysing existing de-identified medical and nursing records to propose and validate linkages for nursing diagnoses.


Subject(s)
Nursing Diagnosis , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Male , Adult , Brazil , Middle Aged , Mobility Limitation , Wounds and Injuries/nursing , Nursing Care/methods , Nursing Care/standards
7.
J Int Med Res ; 52(3): 3000605241241920, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38548473

ABSTRACT

The target trial framework has emerged as a powerful tool for addressing causal questions in clinical practice and in public health. In the healthcare sector, where decision-making is increasingly data-driven, transactional databases, such as electronic health records (EHR) and insurance claims, present an untapped potential for answering complex causal questions. This narrative review explores the potential of the integration of the target trial framework with real-world data to enhance healthcare decision-making processes. We outline essential elements of the target trial framework, and identify pertinent challenges in data quality, privacy concerns, and methodological limitations, proposing solutions to overcome these obstacles and optimize the framework's application.


Subject(s)
Electronic Health Records , Humans , Databases, Factual
8.
Stud Health Technol Inform ; 310: 124-128, 2024 Jan 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38269778

ABSTRACT

Creating notes in the EHR is one of the most problematic aspects for health professionals. The main challenges are the time spent on this task and the quality of the records. Automatic speech recognition technologies aim to facilitate clinical documentation for users, optimizing their workflow. In our hospital, we internally developed an automatic speech recognition system (ASR) to record progress notes in a mobile EHR. The objective of this article is to describe the pilot study carried out to evaluate the implementation of ASR to record progress notes in a mobile EHR application. As a result, the specialty that used ASR the most was Home Medicine. The lack of access to a computer at the time of care and the need to perform short and fast evolutions were the main reasons for users to use the system.


Subject(s)
Documentation , Speech Recognition Software , Humans , Pilot Projects , Health Personnel , Hospitals
9.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.);70(4): e20231136, 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558890

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective was to analyze the implementation and use of the electronic patient record in the health services of the Brazilian Air Force. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 234 physicians, between March and May 2021. The data collection instrument was sent by email. The electronic patient record was implemented in the Air Force approximately 3 years ago (64.5%), and about 81% of the physicians received training to operate it. RESULTS: The most common records involve data related to consultations (90.1%) and interviews with physical examination (67.1%). Physicians cited that information storage (75.6%), agility, and feasibility of recording (55.1%) were the main advantages of the electronic patient record. As disadvantages, problems in electronic equipment (69.7%) and system errors (65%) were reported. Most participants considered that the implementation had a positive impact on work dynamics (75.6%) and productivity (66.7%), mainly regarding the components "Work processes" (57.3%) and "Amount of carried out activities" (21.4%). Keeping records was significantly associated with the job position (p<0.001), type of unit (p=0.008), time of implementation (p<0.001), and participation in training (p=0.028). CONCLUSION: The implementation of the electronic patient record in the Air Force was recently done, and just over half of the physicians were trained prior to the implementation. The tool is considered compatible with work processes and has a positive effect on productivity.

10.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 48: e40, 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1560358

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo. Describir la legislación vigente respecto a historia clínica electrónica (HCE) y telesalud de los países latinoamericanos y analizar el tratamiento de la confidencialidad y el secreto profesional. Métodos. Entre marzo y septiembre de 2022, se realizó un relevamiento de la reglamentación vigente en los 21 países latinoamericanos en estudio, en dos niveles: i) la existencia de legislación respecto a la HCE y la telesalud, y ii) el tratamiento de la confidencialidad y el secreto profesional en la HCE y la telesalud. Se confeccionó una ficha de extracción de datos por país. Se recolectaron datos a partir de fuentes on-line oficiales. Se analizó cualitativamente la información y se sintetizó en forma de tablas cuando fue posible. Resultados. El uso de la HCE está reglamentado legalmente en 16 países. Para el caso de telesalud, son 19 países los que cuentan con legislación en referencia a esta herramienta. Todos los países analizados resguardan la confidencialidad y el secreto profesional a través de reglamentaciones. Sin embargo, en el contexto de telesalud se mencionan en 11 países, en tanto en el contexto de la HCE, solo en 9 países. Conclusiones. Desde el inicio del segundo milenio América Latina ha avanzado respecto a la legislación de herramientas digitales en la atención en salud como la HCE y la telesalud. Se observa a su vez un interés por las cuestiones éticas relacionadas con el uso de la HCE y la telesalud, en particular de la confidencialidad y secreto profesional, aunque dichos aspectos deben ser fortalecidos en la salud digital.


ABSTRACT Objectives. Describe the current legislation on electronic medical records (EMR) and telehealth in Latin American countries and analyze the treatment of confidentiality and professional secrecy. Methods. Between March and September 2022, a survey of the regulations in force in 21 Latin American countries was conducted at two levels: the existence of legislation on EMR and telehealth, and the treatment of confidentiality and professional secrecy in EMR and telehealth. A data extraction form was prepared for each country. Data were collected from official on-line sources. The information was analyzed qualitatively and synthesized in tables when possible. Results. The use of EMR is legally regulated in 16 countries. Nineteen countries have legislation on telehealth. All the countries analyzed safeguard confidentiality and professional secrecy through regulations. However, confidentiality and professional secrecy are mentioned in 11 countries in the context of telehealth, and in only nine countries in the context of EMR. Conclusions. Since the start of this century, Latin America has made progress in the legislation of digital tools for health care, such as EMR and telehealth. There is also interest in ethical issues related to the use of EMR and telehealth, particularly confidentiality and professional secrecy, aspects that should be strengthened in digital health.


RESUMO Objetivo. Descrever a legislação vigente sobre prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde nos países da América Latina e analisar o tratamento da confidencialidade e do sigilo profissional. Métodos. Entre março e setembro de 2022, realizou-se um levantamento sobre a regulamentação vigente nos 21 países latino-americanos incluídos no estudo, em dois níveis: i) existência de legislação sobre prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde; e ii) tratamento da confidencialidade e do sigilo profissional em prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde. Uma planilha para extração de dados foi elaborada para cada país. Os dados foram coletados de fontes oficiais disponíveis on-line. Foi realizada uma análise qualitativa das informações, que foram resumidas em tabelas, quando possível. Resultados. O uso dos prontuários eletrônicos é legalmente regulamentado em 16 países. Quanto à telessaúde, 19 países têm legislação sobre essa ferramenta. Todos os países analisados protegem a confidencialidade e o sigilo profissional por meio de regulamentação. No entanto, no contexto da telessaúde, eles são mencionados em 11 países; já no contexto dos prontuários eletrônicos, em apenas 9 países. Conclusões. Desde o início dos anos 2000, a América Latina vem avançando em relação à legislação sobre ferramentas digitais na atenção à saúde, como prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde. Há também interesse nas questões éticas relacionadas ao uso de prontuários eletrônicos e telessaúde, especialmente em relação à confidencialidade e ao sigilo profissional, embora esses aspectos precisem ser reforçados na saúde digital.

11.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP;58: e20230358, 2024.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1559053

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on the contributions of representing nursing practice elements in the ISO 18.104:2023 standard. Method: This is a theoretical study with standard analysis. Categorical structures were described to represent nursing practice in terminological systems and contributions identified in the parts of the version were analyzed. Results: There is innovation in the inclusion of nurse sensitive outcomes, nursing action, nursing diagnosis explanation as an indicator of nursing service demand and complexity of care, representation of concepts through mental maps and suggestion of use of restriction models for nursing actions. It describes that the Nursing Process is constituted by nursing diagnosis, nursing action and nurse sensitive outcomes. Final considerations: Indicating a nursing diagnosis as an indicator will bring benefits for knowledge production and decision-making. Although care outcomes are not exclusive responses to nursing action, the modifiable attributes of a nursing diagnosis generate knowledge about clinical practice, nursing action effectiveness and subjects of care' health state. There is coherence in understanding the Nursing Process concept evolution.


RESUMO Objetivo: Refletir sobre as contribuições da representação dos elementos da prática de enfermagem na norma ISO 18.104:2023. Método: Estudo teórico com análise da norma. Foram descritas estruturas categoriais para representação da prática da enfermagem nos sistemas terminológicos e analisadas as contribuições identificadas nas partes da versão. Resultados: Há inovação na inclusão do resultado sensível à ação da enfermeira, explicitação do diagnóstico de enfermagem como indicador da demanda de serviços e complexidade de assistência, representação dos conceitos por mapas mentais e sugestão do uso de modelos de restrição para ações de enfermagem. Descreve que o Processo de Enfermagem é constituído pelo diagnóstico, ação e resultado sensível à ação da enfermeira. Considerações finais: A indicação do diagnóstico de enfermagem como um indicador trará benefícios para produção de conhecimento e tomada de decisão. Embora os resultados do cuidado não sejam respostas exclusivas a uma ação da enfermeira, os atributos modificáveis de um diagnóstico de enfermagem geram conhecimentos sobre a prática clínica, a eficácia das ações de enfermagem e o estado de saúde dos sujeitos de cuidado. Há coerência na compreensão da evolução do conceito de Processo de Enfermagem.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre los aportes de representar los elementos de la práctica de enfermería en la norma ISO 18.104:2023. Método: Estudio teórico con análisis de la norma. Se describieron estructuras categóricas para representar la práctica de enfermería en sistemas terminológicos y se analizaron las contribuciones identificadas en las partes de la versión. Resultados: Hay innovación en la inclusión del resultado sensible a la acción del enfermero, explicación del diagnóstico de enfermería como indicador de demanda de servicios y complejidad del cuidado, representación de conceptos a través de mapas mentales y sugerencia del uso de modelos de restricción para las acciones de enfermería. Describe que el Proceso de Enfermería está constituido por el diagnóstico, la acción y el resultado sensible a la acción del enfermero. Consideraciones finales: La indicación del diagnóstico de enfermería como indicador traerá beneficios para la producción de conocimiento y la toma de decisiones. Aunque los resultados del cuidado no son respuestas exclusivas a la acción del enfermero, los atributos modificables de un diagnóstico de enfermería generan conocimiento sobre la práctica clínica, la efectividad de las acciones de enfermería y el estado de salud de los sujetos del cuidado. Hay coherencia en la comprensión de la evolución del concepto de Proceso de Enfermería.


Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Records , Standardized Nursing Terminology , Nursing Process , Electronic Health Records
12.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 58: 23, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565795

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Contextualize the adherence to the Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC - Citizen's Electronic Health Record) by Brazilian municipalities and the evolution of the electronic strategy of the Unified Health System (e-SUS) for Primary Healthcare (PHC) during its 10 years. METHODS: This descriptive study added information on adherence to the use of medical records extracted from the database of the Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde (SAPS- Primary Healthcare Secretary) of the Federal Government between 2017 and 2022. We analized the number of computerized basic healthcare units that used some electronic medical records, the number of those that used simplified data collection (SDC), and those that implemented the citizen's electronic health record (PEC) in the same period. A descriptive synthesis of the functionalities and modules implemented in the system during its 10 years of development was also carried out. RESULTS: The adherence of Brazilian municipalities to the PEC has grown exponentially in the last five years, going from 8,930 healthcare units in 2017 to 26,091 in 2022. As expected, while the main functionalities and improvements developed in this decade sought to implement new flows and modules of administrative, clinical care, and care management processes and health service administration, improving aspects of usability and technological infrastructure of the application architecture was also crucial for the success of the system. CONCLUSIONS: In 2023, the milestone of a decade will be celebrated since the beginning of health records implementation by Brazilian municipalities, marked by technological and infrastructure challenges and improvements and new functionalities that highlight the technological evolution of the e-SUS PHC system and strategy. Despite many other tools, the PEC is arguably Brazil's leading electronic medical record today, as it has always invested in evolution, updating itself in technological and usability opportunities.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Contextualizar a adesão ao Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC) pelos municípios brasileiros e a evolução da estratégia eletrônica do Sistema Único de Saúde (e-SUS) da Atenção Primária (APS) durante seus 10 anos. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de cunho descritivo, que agregou informações de adesão ao uso do prontuário, extraídas da base de dados da Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde (SAPS) do Governo Federal, entre os anos de 2017 e 2022. Foram analisados o quantitativo de unidades básicas de saúde informatizadas que utilizavam algum prontuário eletrônico e o número das que utilizavam a Coleta de Dados Simplificada (CDS) e das que implementaram o Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC), no mesmo período. Também foi realizada uma síntese descritiva das funcionalidades e módulos que foram implementados no sistema durante seus 10 anos de desenvolvimento. RESULTADOS: A adesão dos municípios brasileiros ao PEC cresceu exponencialmente nos últimos cinco anos, passando de 8.930 unidades de saúde em 2017 para 26.091 em 2022. Como era de se esperar, as principais funcionalidades e melhorias desenvolvidas nessa década buscaram implementar novos fluxos e módulos de processos administrativos, de atendimento clínico e de gestão do cuidado e administração do serviço de saúde, mas também foram importantes para o sucesso do sistema aprimorar aspectos de usabilidade e de infraestrutura tecnológica da arquitetura da aplicação. CONCLUSÕES: Em 2023, celebra-se o marco de uma década do início da implantação do prontuário pelos municípios brasileiros, marcado por desafios de ordem tecnológica e de infraestrutura, bem como de melhorias e novas funcionalidades que evidenciaram a evolução tecnológica do sistema e da estratégia e-SUS APS. Mesmo que muitas outras existam, pode-se dizer que o PEC é hoje a principal ferramenta de prontuário eletrônico no Brasil, pois sempre investiu em evolução, vindo a se atualizar nas oportunidades tecnológicas e de usabilidade.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Unified Health System , Electronic Health Records , Digital Technology , Health Policy , Brazil
13.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 38: e008, 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-1528152

ABSTRACT

Abstract Dental referrals to the Endodontics Specialty Clinic (ESC) are routine owing to the complexity of endodontic treatments. To obtain a better prognosis for treatment, students/dentists must perceive their technical limits. This study sought to investigate the referrals of patients to the ESC from different clinics of the Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas - SP, Brazil, and check: a) the demographic profile of patients and the most commonly affected tooth; b) the clinic with the largest number of referrals; c) the reasons for referrals; d) the complexity of the cases; e) and the difficulty in assessing the referred cases based on the classification provided by the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) and Souza-Filho. The study sample consisted of patients' electronic dental referral records from February 2015 to June 2019. A total of 1,707 patients were referred to the ESC during the study period, and 62.4% were female. Lower molars were the most frequently involved teeth (34.8%), and 60.7% of the cases were referred due to the presence of root curvature. The AAE classification showed prevalence of highly difficult cases (71.3%), whereas Souza-Filho classification demonstrated a high rate of class III cases (85.8%). This study highlights the difficulties encountered by undergraduate students before or during endodontic treatments, reinforcing the need for clear criteria for selecting cases appropriate for each education level, thus improving endodontic treatment prognosis.

14.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);29(1): e04492023, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528320

ABSTRACT

Resumo O uso de prontuários eletrônicos (PE) na atenção primária em saúde (APS) visa maior integração e qualidade dos serviços. Um dos pontos mais críticos da APS brasileira segue sendo o acesso. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar através dos dados do terceiro ciclo avaliativo do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) a relação entre o uso de prontuário eletrônico e os parâmetros de acesso e acolhimento das unidades participantes. Estudo transversal analítico com dados secundários. Foram avaliados dados provenientes de 38.865 equipes de atenção primária, 30.346 unidades de saúde e 140.444 usuários entrevistados. O uso de PE esteve associado a maior realização de atendimento à demanda espontânea (OR 1,664; IC95% 1,485-1,866), avaliação de risco e vulnerabilidade (OR 1,329; IC95% 1,122-1,574) e utilização de protocolos de conduta (OR 1,656; IC95% 1,530-1,793), além de maior possibilidade de agendamento por telefone (OR 3,179; IC95% 3,030-3,335). Serviços que utilizam PE tem maior chance de ser o primeiro contato dos pacientes (OR 1,226; IC95% 1,171-1,283) e de serem buscados quando o usuário tem problemas de urgência (OR 1,198; IC95% 1,161-1,236). Há uma possibilidade concreta de melhoria do acesso através da informatização.


Abstract The use of electronic health records (EHR) in primary healthcare (PHC) aims for better integration of services and care quality. One of most the critical points of Brazilian PHC is access. This article aims to analyze, through data from the third evaluation cycle of the Brazilian Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB), the relationship between the use of electronic health records and the parameters of access of the participant teams. Cross-sectional analytical study with secondary data. Data from 38,865 primary care teams, 30,346 health units and 140,444 interviewed users were evaluated. The use of EHR was associated with greater care for non-programmed demands (OR 1.664; 95%CI 1.485-1.866), risk and vulnerability assessment (OR 1.329; 95%CI 1.122-1.574) and use of protocols for clinical conducts (OR 1.656; 95%CI 1.530-1.793), in addition to a greater possibility of scheduling consultation by telephone (OR 3.179; 95%CI 3.030-3.335). Services using EHR are more likely to be the patients first contact (OR 1.226; 95%CI 1.171-1.283) and to be sought when facing urgent health problem (OR 1.198; 95%CI 1.161-1.236). The results point to a concrete possibility of improving access through computerization.

15.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet;46: 1-7, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559579

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death globally. Therefore, prevention strategies have been created. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of PPH and its risk factors after implementing a risk stratification at admission in a teaching hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort involving a database of SISMATER® electronic medical record. Classification in low, medium, or high risk for PPH was performed through data filled out by the obstetrician-assistant. PPH frequency was calculated, compared among these groups and associated with the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of PPH was 6.8%, 131 among 1,936 women. Sixty-eight (51.9%) of them occurred in the high-risk group, 30 (22.9%) in the medium-risk and 33 (25.2%) in the low-risk group. The adjusted-odds ratio (OR) for PPH were analyzed using a confidence interval (95% CI) and was significantly higher in who presented multiple pregnancy (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.28 to 6.49), active bleeding on admission (OR 6.12, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), non-cephalic presentation (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), retained placenta (OR 9.39, 95% CI 2.90 to 30.46) and placental abruption (OR 6.95, 95% CI 2.06 to 23.48). Vaginal delivery figured out as a protective factor (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98). Conclusion: Prediction of PPH is still a challenge since its unpredictable factor arrangements. The fact that the analysis did not demonstrate a relationship between risk category and frequency of PPH could be attributable to the efficacy of the strategy: Women classified as "high-risk" received adequate medical care, consequently.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Puerperal Disorders , Maternal Mortality , Risk Factors , Electronic Health Records , Postpartum Hemorrhage
16.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 32: e4239, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1565566

ABSTRACT

Objective: to describe the development of a predictive nursing workload classifier model, using artificial intelligence. Method: retrospective observational study, using secondary sources of electronic patient records, using machine learning. The convenience sample consisted of 43,871 assessments carried out by clinical nurses using the Perroca Patient Classification System, which served as the gold standard, and clinical data from the electronic medical records of 11,774 patients, which constituted the variables. In order to organize the data and carry out the analysis, the Dataiku® data science platform was used. Data analysis occurred in an exploratory, descriptive and predictive manner. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the institution where the study was carried out. Results: the use of artificial intelligence enabled the development of the nursing workload assessment classifier model, identifying the variables that most contributed to its prediction. The algorithm correctly classified 72% of the variables and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was 82%. Conclusion: a predictive model was developed, demonstrating that it is possible to train algorithms with data from the patient's electronic medical record to predict the nursing workload and that artificial intelligence tools can be effective in automating this activity.


Objetivo: describir el desarrollo de un modelo clasificador predictivo de la carga de trabajo de enfermería, utilizando inteligencia artificial. Método: estudio observacional retrospectivo, en fuentes secundarias de registros electrónicos de pacientes, con uso de aprendizaje automático. La muestra por conveniencia se constituyó de 43.871 evaluaciones realizadas por enfermeras asistenciales con el Sistema de Clasificación de Pacientes de Perroca, que sirvieron como patrón oro, y datos clínicos del expediente electrónico de 11.774 pacientes, que constituyeron las variables. Para la organización de los datos y la realización de los análisis se utilizó la plataforma de ciencia de datos Dataiku ® . El análisis de los datos ocurrió de forma exploratoria, descriptiva y predictiva. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación de la institución campo del estudio. Resultados: el uso de inteligencia artificial posibilitó el desarrollo del modelo clasificador de evaluación de la carga de trabajo de enfermería, identificando las variables que más contribuyeron para su predicción. El algoritmo clasificó correctamente el 72% de las variables y el área bajo la curva Receiver Operating Characteristic fue del 82%. Conclusión: hubo el desarrollo de un modelo predictivo, demostrando que es posible entrenar algoritmos con datos del expediente electrónico del paciente para predecir la carga de trabajo de enfermería y que las herramientas de inteligencia artificial pueden ser efectivas para la automatización de esta actividad.


Objetivo: descrever o desenvolvimento de um modelo classificador preditivo da carga de trabalho de enfermagem, utilizando inteligência artificial. Método: estudo observacional retrospectivo, em fontes secundárias de registros eletrônicos de pacientes, com uso de aprendizado de máquina. A amostra por conveniência constituiu-se de 43.871 avaliações realizadas por enfermeiras assistenciais com o Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes de Perroca, as quais serviram como padrão ouro, e os dados clínicos do prontuário eletrônico de 11.774 pacientes, que constituíram as variáveis. Para a organização dos dados e a realização das análises, utilizou-se a plataforma de ciência de dados Dataiku ® . A análise dos dados ocorreu de forma exploratória, descritiva e preditiva. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da instituição campo do estudo. Resultados: o uso de inteligência artificial possibilitou o desenvolvimento do modelo classificador de avaliação da carga de trabalho de enfermagem, identificando as variáveis que mais contribuíram para a sua predição. O algoritmo classificou corretamente 72% das variáveis e a área sob a curva Receiver Operating Characteristic foi de 82%. Conclusão: houve o desenvolvimento de um modelo preditivo, demonstrando que é possível treinar algoritmos com dados do prontuário eletrônico do paciente para predizer a carga de trabalho de enfermagem e que as ferramentas da inteligência artificial podem ser efetivas para a automatização desta atividade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Artificial Intelligence , Nursing , Workload , Nursing Informatics , Electronic Health Records , Machine Learning
17.
Ribeirão Preto; s.n; mar. 2024. 35 Resumo de tese p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1562101

ABSTRACT

Aproximar os estudantes das funcionalidades, potencialidades e das limitações das tecnologias para o registro eletrônico em saúde (RES) é necessário e urgente, a fim de prepará-los para futura atuação profissional. Os registros constituem memória valiosa para o profissional, instituição de saúde e paciente, sendo importante ferramenta na integralidade e longitudinalidade das informações para a tomada de decisão. Neste sentido, este estudo tem por objetivo desenvolver e avaliar uma plataforma web para o ensino e aprendizagem de registros eletrônicos, no cenário da Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS). Como percurso metodológico esta pesquisa foi conduzida em três etapas, sendo a 1° etapa o Planejamento; a 2° etapa o Desenvolvimento da plataforma utilizando-se do referencial metodológico do desenvolvimento ágil de software, na modalidade Scrum. E por fim, na 3° etapa, a Avaliação pelos estudantes de Enfermagem e Medicina, professores e especialistas em Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), por meio de questionários: Teste de Aceitação; escala System Usability Scale (SUS); recomendação do produto pelo escore Net Promoter e avaliação da inter-relação das funcionalidades do registro eletrônico e competências-chave, pautadas na Taxonomia de Bloom. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva. Participaram da etapa de avaliação um total de 34 estudantes, 14 professores e 9 especialistas em TIC. Foram pontuadas oportunidades de melhorias na tela de agendamento e nas telas de atendimento do paciente, nos itens referentes ao registro de dados objetivos, avaliação e plano de cuidados. Por meio da SUS observou-se que a plataforma apresenta usabilidade adequada aos objetivos propostos. No Net Promoter Score é possível observar que a maioria dos avaliadores classificaram a plataforma na zona de excelência. Em relação à avaliação dos professores acerca da interrelação das funcionalidades do registro eletrônico para APS e competências-chave, conforme o ano de curso, é possível inferir a possibilidade de contribuição com o desenvolvimento de competências no processo de aprendizado em registros eletrônicos em saúde. Conclui-se que, por meio da plataforma, é possível que o estudante vivencie a experiência imersiva ao realizar as mesmas tarefas de um registro eletrônico no cenário da APS, utilizando banco de dados de pacientes simulados. Destaca-se que a construção e avaliação da plataforma corrobora com a necessidade de desenvolver competências em RES, buscando preparar os estudantes de Enfermagem e Medicina para a documentação adequada das informações inerentes ao cuidado em saúde, aspecto fundamental para a prática clínica.


Aproximar os estudantes das funcionalidades, potencialidades e das limitações das tecnologias para o registro eletrônico em saúde (RES) é necessário e urgente, a fim de prepará-los para futura atuação profissional. Os registros constituem memória valiosa para o profissional, instituição de saúde e paciente, sendo importante ferramenta na integralidade e longitudinalidade das informações para a tomada de decisão. Neste sentido, este estudo tem por objetivo desenvolver e avaliar uma plataforma web para o ensino e aprendizagem de registros eletrônicos, no cenário da Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS). Como percurso metodológico esta pesquisa foi conduzida em três etapas, sendo a 1° etapa o Planejamento; a 2° etapa o Desenvolvimento da plataforma utilizando-se do referencial metodológico do desenvolvimento ágil de software, na modalidade Scrum. E por fim, na 3° etapa, a Avaliação pelos estudantes de Enfermagem e Medicina, professores e especialistas em Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), por meio de questionários: Teste de Aceitação; escala System Usability Scale (SUS); recomendação do produto pelo escore Net Promoter e avaliação da inter-relação das funcionalidades do registro eletrônico e competências-chave, pautadas na Taxonomia de Bloom. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva. Participaram da etapa de avaliação um total de 34 estudantes, 14 professores e 9 especialistas em TIC. Foram pontuadas oportunidades de melhorias na tela de agendamento e nas telas de atendimento do paciente, nos itens referentes ao registro de dados objetivos, avaliação e plano de cuidados. Por meio da SUS observou-se que a plataforma apresenta usabilidade adequada aos objetivos propostos. No Net Promoter Score é possível observar que a maioria dos avaliadores classificaram a plataforma na zona de excelência. Em relação à avaliação dos professores acerca da interrelação das funcionalidades do registro eletrônico para APS e competências-chave, conforme o ano de curso, é possível inferir a possibilidade de contribuição com o desenvolvimento de competências no processo de aprendizado em registros eletrônicos em saúde. Conclui-se que, por meio da plataforma, é possível que o estudante vivencie a experiência imersiva ao realizar as mesmas tarefas de um registro eletrônico no cenário da APS, utilizando banco de dados de pacientes simulados. Destaca-se que a construção e avaliação da plataforma corrobora com a necessidade de desenvolver competências em RES, buscando preparar os estudantes de Enfermagem e Medicina para a documentação adequada das informações inerentes ao cuidado em saúde, aspecto fundamental para a prática clínica.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Educational Technology , Electronic Health Records , Interprofessional Education
19.
Healthc Inform Res ; 29(4): 286-300, 2023 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37964451

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: A substantial portion of the data contained in Electronic Health Records (EHR) is unstructured, often appearing as free text. This format restricts its potential utility in clinical decision-making. Named entity recognition (NER) methods address the challenge of extracting pertinent information from unstructured text. The aim of this study was to outline the current NER methods and trace their evolution from 2011 to 2022. METHODS: We conducted a methodological literature review of NER methods, with a focus on distinguishing the classification models, the types of tagging systems, and the languages employed in various corpora. RESULTS: Several methods have been documented for automatically extracting relevant information from EHRs using natural language processing techniques such as NER and relation extraction (RE). These methods can automatically extract concepts, events, attributes, and other data, as well as the relationships between them. Most NER studies conducted thus far have utilized corpora in English or Chinese. Additionally, the bidirectional encoder representation from transformers using the BIO tagging system architecture is the most frequently reported classification scheme. We discovered a limited number of papers on the implementation of NER or RE tasks in EHRs within a specific clinical domain. CONCLUSIONS: EHRs play a pivotal role in gathering clinical information and could serve as the primary source for automated clinical decision support systems. However, the creation of new corpora from EHRs in specific clinical domains is essential to facilitate the swift development of NER and RE models applied to EHRs for use in clinical practice.

20.
Rev. APS (Online) ; 26(Único): e262341492, 22/11/2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1566929

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi realizar um estudo de avaliabilidade do sistema Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC) da estratégia e-SUS Atenção Primária, considerando a descrição da inovação tecnológica, o desenvolvimento dos modelos teórico e lógico da avaliação e a identificação das perguntas avaliativas. Estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, baseado num sistema de sete elementos. A operacionalização do estudo baseou-se na realização de análise de documentos, revisão integrativa e técnica de consenso, a fim de descrever as funcionalidades do PEC. A análise dos dados permitiu compreender melhor a operacionalização e funcionalidades do PEC. O modelo teórico/lógico configurou de forma visual e sistemática a organização do mesmo com detalhamento dos insumos, atividades, produtos e efeitos esperados. Estabeleceu-se as perguntas avaliativas para avaliar o software, as quais foram sistematizadas na elaboração da matriz de medidas. O PEC é avaliável e apresentou cenário favorável para o seu desenvolvimento. A realização deste estudo apresentou ser uma estratégia importante para o planejamento de análises subsequentes.


This study aimed to carry out an evaluability study of the Electronic Citizen Record (PEC) system of the e-SUS Primary Care strategy, considering the description of technological innovation, the development of theoretical and logical evaluation models and the identification of evaluative questions. Exploratory study with a qualitative approach, based on a system of seven elements. The operationalization of the study was based on document analysis, integrative review and consensus technique in order to describe the functionalities of the PEC. Data analysis allowed us to better understand the operationalization and functionalities of the PEC. The theoretical/logical model visually and systematically configured its organization with details of inputs, activities, products and expected effects. Evaluative questions were established to evaluate the software and were systematized in the preparation of the measurement matrix. The PEC is assessable and presented a favorable scenario for its development. Carrying out this study proved to be an important strategy for planning subsequent evaluations.

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