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BACKGROUND: Obesity in Mexico is an alarming problem that has been increasing in recent decades. Dietary factors make this pathology more common at younger ages and closely related to oral health. This study attempts to investigate the association between the oral health status of a Mexican population in the state of Yucatan and their dietary habits. OBJECTIVE: This study explores the relationship between oral health-related quality of life and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a disadvantaged population in the state of Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS: The research was conducted in July 2023 in Merida, Yucatan (Mexico). The sample consisted of 109 individuals aged between 4 and 72 years old. Data analysis focused on factors such as body mass index (BMI), oral health-related quality of life, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. RESULTS: A notable presence of caries is observed in individuals with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Correlation coefficient 0.040, p=0.682). This underscores the potential interaction between oral health, obesity, and dietary habits. The mean Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHIP-14Sp) score was 13.19 ±13.57, median 8.00. CONCLUSIONS: This research adds to the increasing evidence that highlights the significance of a balanced diet in enhancing the oral quality of life for people. More research is necessary to explore preventive measures and treatment to raise awareness about oral health within the community.
ANTECEDENTES: La obesidad en México es un problema alarmante que ha ido en aumento en las últimas décadas. Los factores dietéticos hacen que esta patología sea más común en edades más tempranas y muy relacionada con la salud bucal. Este estudio intenta investigar la asociación entre el estado de salud bucal de una población mexicana en el estado de Yucatán y sus hábitos alimentarios. OBJETIVO: Este estudio explora la relación entre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal y la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en una población desfavorecida del estado de Yucatán, México. Métodos: La investigación se realizó en julio de 2023 en Mérida, Yucatán (México). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 109 individuos con edades comprendidas entre 4 y 72 años. El análisis de los datos se centró en factores como el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal y la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. RESULTADOS: Se observa una notable presencia de caries en individuos con baja adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (coeficiente de correlación 0,040, p=0,682). Esto subraya la posible interacción entre la salud bucal, la obesidad y los hábitos alimentarios. La puntuación media de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal (OHIP-14Sp) fue 13,19 ± 13,57, mediana 8,00. CONCLUSIONES: Esta investigación se suma a la creciente evidencia que resalta la importancia de una dieta equilibrada para mejorar la calidad de vida bucal de las personas. Es necesaria más investigación para explorar medidas preventivas y tratamientos para crear conciencia sobre la salud bucal dentro de la comunidad.
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OBJECTIVES: In celebration of the journal's 50th anniversary, the aim of the study was to review the whole collection of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology (CDOE) publications from 1973 to 2022 and provide a complete overview of the main publication characteristics. METHODS: The study used bibliometric techniques such as performance and science mapping analysis of 3428 articles extracted from the Scopus database. The data were analysed using the 'Bibliometrix' package in R. The journal's scientific production was examined, along with the yearly citation count, the distribution of publications based on authors, the corresponding author's country and affiliation and citation count, citing source and keywords. Bibliometric network maps were constructed to determine the conceptual, intellectual and social collaborative structure over the past 50 years. The trending research topics and themes were identified. RESULTS: The total number of articles and average citations has increased over the years. D Locker, AJ Spencer, A Sheiham and WM Thomson were the most frequently published authors, and PE Petersen, GD Slade and AI Ismail published papers with the highest citations. The most published countries were the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada, frequently engaging in collaborative efforts. The most common keywords used were 'dental caries', 'oral epidemiology' and 'oral health'. The trending topics were healthcare and health disparities, social determinants of health, systematic review and health inequalities. Epidemiology, oral health and disparities were highly researched areas. CONCLUSION: This bibliometric study reviews CDOE's significant contribution to dental public health by identifying key research trends, themes, influential authors and collaborations. The findings provide insights into the need to increase publications from developing countries, improve gender diversity in authorship and broaden the scope of research themes.
Subject(s)
Bibliometrics , Community Dentistry , Humans , United States , Brazil/epidemiology , United Kingdom , CanadaABSTRACT
El uso de las aplicaciones informáticas facilita en la actualidad el quehacer de los docentes en la educación médica superior. El objetivo fue confeccionar una aplicación con soporte en dispositivos móviles y computadoras como herramienta para el aprendizaje de la Epidemiología Bucal en la carrera de Estomatología. Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, de septiembre del 2018 a junio del 2019. Para la confección de la aplicación se identificaron como etapas de trabajo la búsqueda y recopilación de información, selección de herramientas y el diseño. Se validó el producto mediante criterio de expertos en la materia. La efectividad de la utilización del producto se evaluó mediante una prueba pedagógica a los estudiantes que integraron la muestra. La aplicación mostró un diseño claro y atractivo. Ofrece una libre navegación donde se puede llegar, rápido y fácilmente al contenido deseado. En su totalidad los expertos evaluaron el producto de muy adecuado, y todos los usuarios emitieron el criterio de bien en los indicadores medidos. Se concluyó que la herramienta confeccionada permitió al estudiante de estomatología interactuar con los contenidos de la asignatura Epidemiología Bucal, considerándose útil como material de apoyo a la docencia(AU)
The use of computer applications currently facilitates the work of teachers in higher medical education. The objective was to create an application with support for mobile devices and computers as a tool for learning Oral Epidemiology in Stomatology. A study of technological development was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Granma, from September 2018 to June 2019. For the preparation of the application, the search and collection of information, selection of tools and design were identified as work stages. The product was validated by the criteria of experts in the field. The effectiveness of use of the product was evaluated by means of a pedagogical test to the students who made up the sample. The application showed a clear and attractive design. It offers free navigation where you can quickly and easily reach the desired content. In its entirety, the experts evaluated the product as very adequate, and all users gave the criterion of good in the measured indicators. It was concluded that the tool allowed the stomatology student to interact with the contents of the subject Oral Epidemiology, considering it useful as a teaching support material(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Medical Informatics Applications , Software , Education, Dental , Mobile ApplicationsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the time, in days, from the beginning of the monitoring until the occurrence of dental caries and its association with low birth weight in early childhood. METHODS: This longitudinal study, dynamic cohort type with a study population of 1,109 children from public, private, and philanthropic daycares in Salvador, Bahia. The independent variables considered were sociodemographic, perinatal, and behavioral, such as the type of breastfeeding. Survival analysis was used to estimate the time for the development of caries with the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox Regression was used on the multivariate analysis to assess the association with low birth weight (LBW). RESULTS: Out of the total of 1,109 children, 419 developed the disease and the median time to the occurrence of caries was approximately 18 months. District of origin, type of daycare, age, skin color, maternal education, family income, living in a home with less than four rooms, breastfeeding habits, the presence of biofilm and of active white spot, and previous caries experience were identified as potential determinants of the time until the occurrence of caries. It was found a positive association between LBW and the time to the development of caries in both the not adjusted (RF = 1.21, 95 percent CI 0.88-1.65) and adjusted model (adjusted RF = 1.52, 95 percent CI 1.01-2.28). CONCLUSION: LBW was associated with dental caries.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Brazil , Breast Feeding , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Longitudinal Studies , PregnancyABSTRACT
Introducción: La Fluorosis dental es un problema de salud bucal que se puede presentar en diferentes grados de severidad según la exposición a fluoruros durante la formación dental, la OMS recomienda hacer vigilancia de este problema en la población. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia y severidad de fluorosis dental, en niños de 12 y 15 años de edad, que asistieron a consulta odontológica durante el año 2014 a la ESE Hospital San Rafael del Municipio de Andes (Antioquia). Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de 400 registros de los niños de 12 y 15 años que asistieron a consulta odontológica durante el año 2014; de los cuales 192 fueron reportados como casos de Fluorosis dental, y habían sido examinados con base en los criterios del índice de Deán, mediante inspección visual de las superficies vestibulares de doce dientes. Se estimaron las prevalencias y niveles de severidad de fluorosis dental por edad, sexo y zona de residencia. Resultados: La prevalencia de fluorosis dental fue de 48%, siendo las formas muy leve y leve las más frecuentes con el 30%, mientras que la fluorosis moderada se encontró en el 16% y la severa en el 2%. Conclusiones: La alta prevalencia de fluorosis dental en los niños de 12 y 15 años del municipio de Andes, indica la necesidad de hacer vigilancia del problema, así como implementar medidas orientadas al control del riesgo de fluorosis dental en la población.
Introduction: Dental fluorosis is a problem of oral health that occurs in varying degrees of severity depending on exposure to fluoride during tooth formation, the WHO recommends monitoring this problem in the population. Objetive: To determine prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in children, who visited to the dentist's office during 2014 at the ESE Hospital San Rafael in Andes municipality (Antioquia). Materials and methods: Descriptive, retrospective study of four hundred records of children aged 12 and 15 who visited to the dentist's office during 2014; of which 192 were reported as cases of dental fluorosis, and had been examined by visual inspection of labial surfaces in twelve teeth, according the Dean index. The prevalence and severity levels of dental fluorosis by age, sex and area of residence were estimated. Results: The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 48%, being the most frequent very mild and mild forms with 30%, while moderate fluorosis was 16% and severe 2%. Conclusions: The high prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 12 and 15 of Andes municipality, indicate the need to continue monitoring the problem and to implement measures aimed at controlling the risk of dental fluorosis in the population.
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La extracción dentaria es una de las prácticas odontológicas realizadas con mayor frecuencia, pero a corto plazo los pacientes necesitan rehabilitaciones orales para optimizar el funcionamiento del sistema estomatognático. Dado que conocer las características de la población que demanda exodoncias puede contribuir a elaborar estrategias para limitar la pérdida de piezas dentarias, nos propusimos 1) registrar las características de la población que demanda exodoncias; 2) identificar las piezas dentarias extraídas; 3) registrar las causas de exodoncia; 4) identificar patologías bucales durante la consulta para una exodoncia. Para llevarlo a cabo se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 2000 historias clínicas de pacientes que concurrieron a la Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Buco Maxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (FOUBA) y se realizaron exodoncias con anestesia local entre enero de 2012 y mayo de 2014...
Dental extraction is one of the most frequent practices in dentistry, causing necessary oral rehabilitation to ensure normal stomatognathic system function. The purpose of this study was to get to know the characteristics of the population in need of dental extraction so as to develop strategies tending to limit teeth loss. We set to 1) record the characteristics of the population on demand for dental extraction; 2) Identify teeth extracted; 3) Record cause of dental extraction; 4) Identify oral pathologies during examination for dental extraction. We selected 2000 Records of patients who attended Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, FOUBA for dental extraction with local anesthetics in the period between January 2002 and May 2014...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Tooth Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Tooth Diseases/epidemiology , Tooth Diseases/etiology , Schools, Dental , Age and Sex Distribution , Argentina , Dental Caries/complications , Cuspid/surgery , Molar/surgery , Bicuspid/surgery , Mouth Diseases/classification , Tooth Loss/complications , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
Introducción y objetivo: La construcción de línea de base de los indicadores de experiencia de caries dental a nivel local, de acuerdo con las directrices de las metas globales en salud bucal propuestas por la OMS, es una prioridad para las autoridades de salud. El propósito de este estudio fue establecer los indicadores línea de base de experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental en dentición permanente, en niños de 12 años de edad del municipio de Andes. Materiales y métodos: se examinaron 164 niños/as, que asistieron a consulta odontológica, en un periodo de un año, en quienes se evaluó la presencia de caries cavitacional en dentina y caries limitada al esmalte dental, con base en algunos criterios del sistema ICDAS. Se calcularon la prevalencia y experiencia de caries dental, y los índices CPO-D y SiC. Resultados: El 60,4% de los niños tenía experiencia de caries (CPO-D>0), el promedio del CPO-D clásico y modificado fue 1,6±1,7 y 1,7±1,8, respectivamente. El índice significante de caries fue 3,7±1,2. Conclusión: El municipio de Andes cumplió con la meta 1 del Plan Nacional de Salud pública, sin embargo, el SiC evidencia la concentración del problema de caries dental en una parte de los niños/as de 12 años de edad; situación que debe explorarse con estudios en mayor profundidad.
Introduction and objective: The construction of baseline indexes of dental caries experience based on global oral health goals proposed by the World Health Organization, is a priority for health authorities. The aim of this study was to establish baseline indexes of experience and prevalence of dental caries in 12- year old children in permanent dentition from the municipality of Andes in Colombia. Materials and methods: One hundred and sixty four children were examined during a 12 month period in order to assess carious lesions which involved dentin and those confined to enamel using some ICDAS criteria. Prevalence and dental caries experience, DMFT and SiC indexes were calculated. Results: 60.4% of the children presented cavitational caries experience. Aaverage Classic and modified DMFT scores were 1.6 ± 1.7 and 1.7 ± 1.8, respectively. SiC index was 3.7 ± 1.2. Conclusions: The municipality Andes complies with the goal established by the National Public Health Plan, however, the significant caries index indicates that the disease is concentrated in a small group. This situation should be explored in further studies.
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Introdução: As más oclusões são anomalias bucais frequentes entre os pré-escolares e os hábitos bucais deletérios são considerados um dos seus principais fatores etiológicos. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência e os fatores associados à má oclusão na dentição decídua, além de analisar a associação entre transtornos mentais comuns maternos e hábitos bucais deletérios em pré-escolares residentes em áreas da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Salvador-BA. Material e método: Quinhentas e vinte e oito crianças com idade entre 18 e 48 meses participaram deste estudo de corte transversal, que avaliou a ocorrência de má oclusão e entrevistou suas mães, de julho a dezembro de 2007. Análise multivariada foi realizada utilizando-se análise de regressão logística não condicional e a Razão de Prevalência foi obtida mediante a regressão de Poisson robusta. Resultado: A prevalência de má oclusão foi de 35,98% e, dentre os fatores que se associaram a esta ocorrência, destacam-se: tempo de aleitamento materno (RP = 2,43, IC 95% 1,77 3,34) e hábitos bucais deletérios (RP = 7,94, IC 95% 5,36 11,76). Estes se associaram com os distúrbios mentais maternos (RP bruta = 1,36, IC 95% 1,09 1,69) e, entre as mães com mais de dois filhos, esta associação foi ainda maior (RP ajustada = 1,72, IC 95% 1,15 2,57). Conclusão: Transtornos mentais maternos associam-se à ocorrência dos hábitos bucais deletérios, cuja causalidade necessita ser mais bem investigada, levando-se em conta o contexto familiar.
Introduction: Malocclusions are oral anomalies frequent among preschool children, and deleterious oral habits are considered a major etiological factor. Objective: To describe the prevalence and factors associated to malocclusion in deciduous teeth and to analyze the association between common mother?s mental disorders and deleterious oral habits in preschool children living in areas assisted by Family Health Strategy in Salvador, State of Bahia. Method: Five hundred twenty eight children with ages between 18 and 48 months participated in this cross-sectional study, which evaluated malocclusion and interviewed their mothers, from July to December 2007. Multivariate analysis was carried out using unconditional logistic regression and the Prevalence Ratio was obtained by robust Poisson regression analysis. Result: The prevalence of malocclusion was of 35.98% and among the factors that were related to this effect, are duration of breastfeeding (PR = 2.43, CI 95% 1.77 3.34) and deleterious oral habits (PR = 7.94, CI 95% 5.36 11.76). These factors were associated with mother?s mental disorders (PR crude = 1.36, CI 95% 1.09 1.69), and among mothers of more than 2 children, this association was even bigger (PR adjusted = 1.72, CI 95% 1.15 2.57). Conclusion: Mother's mental disorders were associated to the occurrence of deleterious oral habits, which causality needs to be better investigated taking into account the family context.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Tooth, Deciduous , Family , Oral Health , Epidemiology , Habits , Malocclusion , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , House CallsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the epidemiological characteristics and associated oral lesions of HIV adult carriers in a southern Brazilian city. METHODS: A retrospective survey was conducted to review the medical records of 534 patients treated at 5 referral health centers. RESULTS: Nearly 52% of the patient sample was male, 88.2% were older than 30 years of age, 58% had been diagnosed with an advanced stage of HIV disease and 78.1% presented rapid rates of HIV progression to AIDS. Harmful habits were common (31.9%), and 35% of the patients were unemployed. Approximately 60% of the subjects used highly active antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis was the most commonly observed systemic illness (18.5%), and oral candidiasis was the most prevalent lesion in the oral cavity (50%). A higher risk for tuberculosis onset was associated to illicit drugs use and oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of concurrent diseases and the rapid progression to AIDS highlight the need for early diagnosis and access to treatment. Professionals must be made aware about the onset of HIV-related oral lesions that would be helpful to diagnose HIV or serve as indicators of a worsening condition.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico de portadores do HIV com manifestações estomatológicas em uma cidade sul brasileira. METODOLOGIA: Conduziu-se um estudo transversal, retrospectivo em 534 prontuários médicos de pacientes atendidos em 5 centros de referência. RESULTADOS: Cerca de 52% dos pacientes eram do gênero masculino; 88,2% eram maiores de 30 anos, 58% foram diagnosticados no estágio avançado da doença e 78,1% apresentaram rápida progressão para AIDS. A prática de hábitos nocivos foi comum (39,1%) e 35% estavam desempregados. Aproximadamente 60% dos sujeitos usavam terapia antirretroviral composta. A tuberculose foi a doença sistêmica mais comumente observada (18,5%) e a candidíase bucal a manifestação estomatológica mais prevalente (50%). Um maior risco para a ocorrência de tuberculose foi observado nos portadores de candidíase bucal e leucoplasia pilosa que faziam uso de drogas ilícitas. CONCLUSÃO: A elevada prevalência de doenças oportunistas e a rápida progressão para AIDS suscitam maior atenção para o diagnóstico precoce e acesso ao tratamento. Os profissionais devem ser alertados sobre a ocorrência de lesões bucais associadas ao HIV, pois podem sugerir a presença de infecção pelo vírus ou indicar uma pior condição de saúde do paciente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Epidemiology , Developing Countries/statistics & numerical data , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosisABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência, a gravidade e os fatores do contexto familiar associados à cárie dentária em crianças pré-escolares, em áreas do Programa Saúde da Família de Salvador - BA. Metodologia: Estudo de corte transversal, realizado em cinco áreas cobertas pelo Programa Saúde da Família, de julho a outubro de 2008, com crianças de 24 a 60 meses de idade. A coleta foi realizada através de entrevista com as mães e exame bucal dos respectivos filhos. Análises descritivas exploratórias de potenciais fatores associados à cárie foram realizadas. Resultado: Das 472 crianças examinadas, 52% pertenciam ao gênero feminino. A prevalência de cárie foi 38,02%, sendo o ceo-d igual a 1,15. Características socioeconômicas e comportamentais apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante com a cárie (p < 0,05). Nenhuma das alterações psicossociais maternas associou-se com a cárie (p > 0,05). Conclusão: A ocorrência da cárie dentária é frequente em crianças de pouca idade em Salvador e relaciona-se ao modo de vida da família.
Objective: To determine the prevalence, severity and family environmental factors associated with dental caries in preschool children in areas covered by the Family Health Program in Salvador - BA. Methodology: A cross-sectional study in five areas covered by the Family Health Program, carried out from July to October 2008 with children from 24 to 60 months of age. Data were collected through interviews with mothers and oral examination of their children. Descriptive exploratory analysis of potential factors associated with caries were carried out. Result: Of 472 children examined, 52% were female. The prevalence of caries was 38.02% and dmf-t was 1.15. The socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics of the family had a statistically significant association with caries (p < 0.05). None of the maternal psychosocial alterations associated with caries (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of dental caries is still frequent in young children in Salvador, and it?s related to the family way of life.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , National Health Strategies , Diagnosis, Oral , Dental Caries , Epidemiology , Family , Oral Health , Chi-Square Distribution , InterviewABSTRACT
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de traumatismos dentários e oclusopatias em crianças pré-escolares no município de Salvador - BA, além de identificar potenciais fatores relacionados com estas alterações, considerando-se variáveis socioeconômicas, comportamentais e alterações psicossociais maternas. Material e método: Neste estudo de corte transversal, foram examinados 472 pré-escolares de 24 a 60 meses, inseridos no Programa de Saúde da Família de cinco diferentes áreas do município de Salvador-BA, no período de julho a outubro de 2008. Análises descritivas e exploratórias foram realizadas. Resultado: A prevalência de traumatismo dentário foi de 16,3%. As crianças com menos de 42 meses apresentaram maior ocorrência de traumatismo dentário (18,5%). Observou-se que 50,4% das crianças possuíam oclusão normal, 17,8%, má oclusão leve, e 31,8%, moderada/severa; destas, 26,3% apresentavam mordida aberta anterior. Apenas o tempo prolongado de aleitamento materno (8 meses ou mais) apresentou associação estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05) com a presença de traumatismo dentário. Entre os fatores associados com a presença de oclusopatias em pré-escolares, destacaram-se: tempo de aleitamento materno menor que 8 meses, visita ao dentista e hábitos deletérios de sucção (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A saúde bucal da criança é uma das prioridades da atenção básica e deve ser abordada com responsabilidade por toda a equipe de saúde, mediante a implantação de medidas educativas e preventivas, com o intuito de se prevenir ou tratar precocemente as doenças bucais. A família tem um papel fundamental nesse processo.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of dental injuries and malocclusions in preschool children in the town of Salvador - BA, Brazil, and to identify potentials factors related to these alterations, considering the socio-economic factors, behaviors and maternal psychosocial disorders. Material and method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 472 preschool children between 24 and 60 months of age, residents in five different areas covered by Program of Family´s Health, in the period of July to October, 2008. Descriptive and exploratory analysis were carried out. Result: The prevalence of dental injury was 16.3%. The children with less then 42 months of age presented bigger occurrence of dental injury (18.5%). It was observed that 50.4% of the preschool children had normal occlusion; 17.8% had mild malocclusion, 31.8% had moderated/severe malocclusion, and among these laters 26.3% presented anterior open bite. Only the prolonged maternal time of breast-feeding (8 months or more) presented association (p < 0,05) with dental injury. Between the factors associated with the presence of malocclusion in preschool children, can be pointed out: short time of maternal breast-feeding, dental visits and harmful habits of suction (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The oral health of preschool children is one of the priorities of the primary attention, and should be viewed with responsibility by all health professionals, throughout the implementation of preventive and educational actions, to prevent or treat early the oral diseases, and the family has an important role in this process.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Primary Health Care , National Health Strategies , Maxilla/growth & development , Epidemiology , Family , Oral Health , Tooth Injuries , Social Class , Chi-Square Distribution , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Situaciones de salud bucal en personas adultas mayores: problemas y desafíos. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el estado de salud bucal, las prácticas de autocuidado, la calidad de las prótesis y el uso de los servicios de salud de las personas adultas mayores que asisten a clubes de interacción social. Mediante un estudio de prevalencia se investigó a 234 personas adultas mayores de ambos sexos. Todos ellos provenientes de 15 clubes estratificados por condiciones geográficas y sociales del entorno donde se localizan los clubes. Los principales resultados del estado de salud bucal fueron: a)El 53 por ciento de las personas adultas mayores estudiadas han perdido la totalidad de sus dientes y el 38,4 por ciento con pérdida dental parcial que requiere de rehabilitación protésica para satisfacer la capacidad masticatoria. b)De las personas que conservan al menos un diente en boca, la caries activa es prevalente en el 77,7 por ciento y las periodontopatías en el 52,9 por ciento de esta población y el 83,5 por ciento tiene un deficiente control de la placa dental. c)El 63,9 por ciento de las prótesis superiores y en el 74,2 por ciento de las prótesis inferiores necesitan ser reacondicionadas o renovadas por prótesis bien concebidas. Se concluye que el estado de salud bucal de las personas adultas mayores estudiadas en la presente investigación, puede ser catalogado como un relevante problema de salud pública. La acumulación de daños por problemas bucodentales de la población estudiada requiere de una ampliación de cobertura por parte de los servicios de salud, así como de las acciones de educación para la salud, que contrarresten los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades odontológicas y estomatológicas prevalentes en la población.
Situation of oral health in elderly people: problems and challenges. The goal of the investigation is to identify the condition of oral health on elderly people. The research was developed by the recognition of personal oral health care, also evaluating the quality of dental prosthesis and the use of dental medical services on elderly people who attends clubs of social interaction in Costa Rica. The inquiry was developed through a prevalence study with the participation of 234 elderly people, male and female. All the participants are active members of 15 social clubs. The groups-or social clubs- where stratified by geographic and social conditions, related with the surroundings conditions, especially location. The results reveled by the investigation are: a) From the studied population elderly people, 53% has been lost the totality of their teeth, 38,4% has partial dental loss that requires a rehabilitation dental prosthesis for satisfy the chew capacity, b) From the elderly people who conserve a tooth at least, the active decay is prevalent in 77,7% and 52,9% have periodontal illness, 83,5% have a deficient control of the dental plaque, c) The evaluation of dental prosthesis results are that 63,9% of the superior dental prosthesis and 74,2% of the inferior dental prosthesis, need repairmen or being replaced. The most relevant conclusion of the research is elderly people oral healthcare can be catalogued as serious problem of public health. The accumulation of injuries by oral and dental problems reveled on the research, indicates that elderly adults require an expansion of dental medical service as well as preventing education actions of reduce the factors of risk of the oral diseases and stomatology prevalence in the elderly population.