ABSTRACT
En la actualidad, los Begomovirus (Familia Geminiviridae) se han convertido en la mayor amenaza para los cultivos de interés agrícola ubicados en las zonas tropicales y templadas del planeta. Estos virus son transmitidos por la mosca blanca Bemisia tabaci, la cual en los últimos años en Colombia ha tenido un aumento significativo en sus poblaciones y se ha asociado con la aparición de síntomas virales en cultivos de tomate. Muestras de tomate con síntomas virales típicos fueron recolectadas en las cinco principales zonas productoras de esta solanácea en el país. Los Begomovirus fueron detectados por medio de la técnica de hibridación de ácidos nucleicos tipo Dot blot así como por medio de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en todas las muestras colectadas. Con la excepción de un reporte previo en el Valle del Cauca, este es el primer reporte de Begomovirus afectando cultivos de tomate en los departamentos de Antioquia, Santander, Boyacá y Cundinamarca. Asimismo, es la primera vez que se informa sobre Begomovirus que afectan cultivos de tomate localizados por encima de 1500 msnm en Colombia.
The begomoviruses (Family Geminiviridae) have recently emerged as samples with typical Begomovirus symptoms were collected in five different departments, comprising the mayor tomato growing areas of the country. Begomovirus were detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or Dot Blot Hybridization in all tomato samples collected in whole tomato growing areas of the country. With exception for Valle del Cauca, this is the first report of tomato-infecting Begomovirus in Antioquia, Santander, Boyacá and Cundinamarca departments. Also this is the first report of tomato-infecting Begomovirus crops located above 1500 masl in Colombia.
Subject(s)
Begomovirus/isolation & purification , Begomovirus/growth & development , Begomovirus , Begomovirus/enzymology , Begomovirus/physiology , Begomovirus/genetics , Begomovirus/immunology , Begomovirus/metabolism , Begomovirus/pathogenicity , Begomovirus/chemistry , Polymerase Chain Reaction/classification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Partial genome sequences for the tentative begomovirus Macroptilium golden mosaic virus (MGMV) have been previously reported and were originally obtained for an isolate that infected Macroptilium lathyroides in Jamaica. In this study, we PCR-amplified, cloned and determined the sequence for the complete genome of isolates of MGMV that we found infecting Wissadula amplissima collected from August Town and Spanish Town, Jamaica. Sequence analysis confirmed that MGMV is a distinct begomovirus species, based on the ICTV 89% rule for species demarcation. MGMV shared its highest nucleotide identity at 79% for DNA-A component and 66% for DNA-B component to Corchorus yellow spot virus [Mexico:Yucatan:2005]. The names Macroptilium golden mosaic virus [Jamaica1:Wissadula:AugustTown] (MGMV [JM1:Wd:AT]) and Macroptilium golden mosaic virus [Jamaica1:Wissadula:SpanishTown] (MGMV [JM1:Wd:ST]) are proposed herein for the MGMV isolates from August Town and Spanish Town, respectively. The genome organization of MGMV [JM1:Wd:AT] and MGMV [JM1:Wd:ST] is characteristic of Western Hemisphere bipartite begomoviruses. Excluding the replication enhancer protein (REn), all proteins encoded by the MGMV [JM1:Wd:AT] and MGMV [JM1:Wd:ST] genomes are most similar to their counterparts in Western Hemisphere begomoviruses. The REn proteins of MGMV [JM1:Wd:AT] and MGMV [JM1:Wd:ST], share greatest similarity to the REn protein of Corchorus yellow vein virus [Vietnam:Hoa Binh:2000], a New World-like begomovirus identified in Asia. Phylogenetic reconstruction places MGMV in a clade containing Potato yellow mosaic virus. Results of an experimental host range study indicated that MGMV [JM1:Wd:AT] can infect kidney bean, hot pepper and tomato.
Subject(s)
Begomovirus/growth & development , Begomovirus/genetics , DNA, Viral/genetics , Genome, Viral , Malvaceae/virology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Base Sequence , Begomovirus/isolation & purification , Cluster Analysis , DNA, Viral/chemistry , Gene Order , Genes, Viral , Jamaica , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid , SyntenyABSTRACT
Partial genome segments of a begomovirus were previously amplified from Wissadula amplissima exhibiting yellow-mosaic and leaf-curl symptoms in the parish of St. Thomas, Jamaica and this isolate assigned to a tentative begomovirus species, Wissadula golden mosaic St. Thomas virus. To clone the complete genome of this isolate of Wissadula golden mosaic St. Thomas virus, abutting primers were designed to PCR amplify its full-length DNA-A and DNA-B components. Sequence analysis of the complete begomovirus genome obtained, confirmed that it belongs to a distinct begomovirus species and this isolate was named Wissadula golden mosaic St. Thomas virus-[Jamaica:Albion:2005] (WGMSTV-[JM:Alb:05]). The genome of WGMSTV-[JM:Alb:05] is organized similar to that of other bipartite Western Hemisphere begomoviruses. Phylogenetic analyses placed the genome components of WGMSTV-[JM:Alb:05] in the Abutilon mosaic virus clade and showed that the DNA-A component is most closely related to four begomovirus species from Cuba, Tobacco leaf curl Cuba virus, Tobacco leaf rugose virus, Tobacco mottle leaf curl virus, and Tomato yellow distortion leaf virus. The putative Rep-binding-site motif in the common region of WGMSTV-[JM:Alb:05] was observed to be identical to that of Chino del tomate virus-Tomato [Mexico:Sinaloa:1983], Sida yellow mosaic Yucatan virus-[Mexico:Yucatan:2005], and Tomato leaf curl Sinaloa virus-[Nicaragua:Santa Lucia], suggesting that WGMSTV-[JM:Alb:05] is capable of forming viable pseudo-recombinants with these begomoviruses, but not with other members of the Abutilon mosaic virus clade. Biolistic inoculation of test plant species with partial dimers of the WGMSTV-[JM:Alb:05] DNA-A and DNA-B components showed that the virus was infectious to Nicotiana benthamiana and W. amplissima and the cultivated species Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). Infected W. amplissima plants developed symptoms similar to symptoms observed under field conditions, confirming that this virus is a causal agent of Wissadula yellow mosaic disease in W. amplissima.