ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Branchial cleft cysts present at varying ages; sometimes excision is delayed because of concern about operating in small children. Our goal was to determine if outcomes and complications differed among pediatric age groups. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional. SETTING: American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Pediatric database. METHODS: Patients who underwent a branchial cleft cyst excision between 2016 and 2020 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) Pediatric database. Patients with CPT code 42,815: 'excision branchial cleft cyst, vestige, or fistula, extending beneath subcutaneous tissues and/or into the pharynx' as their primary procedure were included. Variables of interest included patient demographics, comorbidities, pre-operative risk factors and complications. RESULTS: 2267 patients with median age of 3.9 (IQR: 7.4, range: 0.04-17.9) years were included. The most common pre-operative risk factors were 149 (7 %) patients with prematurity, 136 (6 %) with developmental delay, 135 (6 %) with congenital malformation, and 128 (6 %) with open wound or wound infection. 68 (3 %) patients experienced at least one post-operative complication, with 73 post-operative complications documented in total. Surgical site infections were the most common complications with 49 (67.1 %) superficial infections, 11 (15.1 %) deep infections, and 4 (5.5 %) organ/space infections. Surgical site infections were the most common reason for related readmission. Duration of anesthesia and operative time increased significantly as patient age increased (p < .001 for both). There was no significant correlation between age and complication incidence. CONCLUSION: Branchial cleft cyst excision is a relatively safe operation with a low complication rate, even in young pediatric populations.
Subject(s)
Branchioma , Child , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Branchioma/surgery , Branchioma/complications , Surgical Wound Infection/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Branchial Region/surgery , Branchial Region/abnormalities , Postoperative Complications/etiologySubject(s)
Branchioma , Branchial Region , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnosis , Humans , Sleep , SnoringABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The second branchial cleft cyst lacks typical symptoms, and its clinical manifestations are complex and varied. Among them, the second branchial cleft cyst manifested by sleep snoring is relatively rare, and it can easily lead to missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. This paper reports a case of a second branchial cleft abscess with snoring as the main manifestation. The branchial cleft cyst was removed using an endoscopic branchial cleft.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/surgery , Snoring/etiology , Branchioma/diagnosis , Child , Endoscopy , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Third branchial cleft cyst is a rare congenital disease of the neck. It presents as a painless mass that develops rapidly in the neck following an infection. This is the first case report of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy caused by a third branchial cleft cyst. A 30-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of hoarseness as her only symptom; she had no pain, fever, dysphagia, dyspnoea, or palpable neck mass. Laryngoscopy revealed that her right vocal cord was paralyzed. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic mass in the right tracheoesophageal groove that was closely associated with the trachea. Intraoperatively, the cyst was found not to originate from the thyroid or trachea, but it was compressing the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. The hoarseness resolved the day after the cyst was removed.
Subject(s)
Branchioma , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Vocal Cord Paralysis , Adult , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnostic imaging , Branchioma/surgery , Female , Hoarseness/diagnostic imaging , Hoarseness/etiology , Humans , Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve/diagnostic imaging , Vocal Cord Paralysis/diagnostic imaging , Vocal Cord Paralysis/etiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: First branchial cleft anomalies are rare, accounting for only 10% of all branchial cleft anomalies. We report an even more rare and unique case of a branchial cleft cyst with features of both first and second arch derivatives. CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old boy presented to us with a left conductive hearing loss associated with pre-tympanic keratin debris and an ipsilateral painful cervical mass. He had a past medical history of left ear surgery for presumed cholesteatoma 2 years prior and left neck abscess drainage 6 months prior. CT and MRI revealed a lesion originating in the external auditory canal and extending cervically through a bony canal located medial to the facial nerve and terminating as a parapharyngeal cyst. The complete removal was accomplished in one surgical stage consisting of three distinct steps: robotic assisted transoral resection of the pharyngeal cyst, an endaural approach and a parotidectomy approach. CONCLUSION: We believe that our detailed description of this rare first branchial cleft cyst with pharyngeal extension, possibly a hybrid case between a first and second branchial cyst, can serve as a valuable tool to Otolaryngologists - Head and Neck Surgeons who come across a similar unusual presentations.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/complications , Cysts/complications , Ear Canal/abnormalities , Pharyngeal Diseases/complications , Branchioma/diagnostic imaging , Branchioma/surgery , Child , Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear/surgery , Cysts/surgery , Facial Nerve , Hearing Loss, Conductive/etiology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Parapharyngeal Space , Pharyngeal Diseases/surgery , Pharynx/surgery , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Arthritis, Psoriatic/genetics , Asian People/genetics , CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics , Guanylate Cyclase/genetics , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Adolescent , Arthritis, Psoriatic/diagnosis , Arthritis, Psoriatic/therapy , Blood Component Removal , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/surgery , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Japan , Psoriasis/diagnosis , Psoriasis/genetics , Psoriasis/therapy , Tonsillectomy , Tonsillitis/complications , Tonsillitis/surgeryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of a complex neck mass with final pathology significant for two synchronous lesions, a type 1 branchial cleft cyst and an enteric duplication cyst, and to discuss its management given the unique presentation.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/complications , Facial Muscles/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Tract/abnormalities , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Paresis/etiology , Facial Muscles/innervation , Facial Nerve , Female , Humans , Infant , NeckABSTRACT
Ectopic thyroid and fourth branchial cleft anomaly are rare congenital anomalies of the neck. This is a case report of the coexistence of these two rare congenital anomalies in a 1-year-old girl. She had ectopic lingual thyroid and asymptomatic abscess in the fourth branchial cleft cyst, which was found in ultrasonography carried out to evaluate congenital hypothyroidism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ectopic thyroid coexisting with fourth branchial cleft anomaly in the same patient.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Dysgenesis/complications , Thyroid Dysgenesis/diagnostic imaging , Branchial Region/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Ultrasonography/methodsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We aimed to compare the histomorphological features of oral lymphoepithelial cysts (OLC) in different locations of the oral cavity and to verify the association between oral lymphoepithelial cysts and subgemmal neurogenous plaque (SNP) on biopsies from the lateral border of the tongue. METHODS: All cases diagnosed as OLC from the Oral Pathology Service at the School of Dentistry/University of São Paulo were retrieved. For all the cysts located in the tongue, their association to SNP was analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining against S100 was performed to confirm the diagnosis of SNP. RESULTS: Thirty-one cases were selected for morphological analysis and SNP was identified in 40% of cases, all of them positive for S100. In these cases, macroscopic analysis demonstrated two independent fragments. Microscopic analysis showed that cysts located in the floor of the mouth and ventral surface of the tongue showed less intense exocytosis, less formation of lymphoid follicles, and predominantly a moderate inflammatory infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS: OLC have a similar histological pattern regardless the location within the oral cavity and. In some cases, the biopsy specimen may be accompanied by a SNP as an adjacent independent structure.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/pathology , Mouth Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Branchioma/complications , Child , Female , Humans , Incidental Findings , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth/pathology , Mouth Diseases/complications , Mouth Diseases/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/complications , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
Milner MR. You're the flight surgeon: an unusual case of pharyngitis. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(4):439-442.
Subject(s)
Aerospace Medicine , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnosis , Pharyngitis/etiology , Adult , Branchioma/therapy , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
We report a rare case of first branchial cleft cyst arising from the nasopharynx. A 47-year old woman with a six-month-history of right ear stuffy and hearing loss was studied. Electronic nasopharyngeal examination revealed a mass in the nasopharynx of this case. The tumor was removed endoscopically with endonasal approach. Postoperative pathological examination indicated that it was branchial cleft cyst.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Branchial Region , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/pathology , Deafness/etiology , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Middle Aged , Nasopharynx/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Nasopharyngeal branchial cleft cysts are rare, and only case reports have been published. We present a patient whose nasopharyngeal cyst contained a malignant lymphoma, and we review previous reports of this condition. METHODS: Case report with a relevant literature review. RESULTS: Sixteen case reports of nasopharyngeal branchial cleft cysts in 24 patients were included. The average age was 36 years; most cysts were on one side. Five patients underwent aspiration, 18 underwent surgery. The cyst wall was lined by stratified squamous epithelium in seven patients and by ciliated colomunar epithelium in 14. All previous cysts showed benign pathology. Our case is the first report of a malignant disease hidden in a nasopharyngeal branchial cleft cyst. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, malignant lymphoma in a nasopharyngeal branchial cleft cyst has not been reported previously. Nevertheless, the possibility of this finding should be kept in mind when evaluating patients with nasopharyngeal cystic lesions.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Plasmablastic Lymphoma/diagnosis , Adult , Branchioma/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Humans , Male , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/complications , Plasmablastic Lymphoma/complications , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Pyriform sinus malformations represent rare third and fourth branchial anomalies. Fistulae at the latter site were initially described and make up less than 1 % of all brachial anomalies. They may be discovered incidentally, or may present as a neck mass with recurrent infection, dysphagia, or airway compromise, and can be an unusual cause of dysphonia in infant and children. Here, we present a case of third branchial cyst located in pharyngeal wall of the left pyriform sinus which presented with dysphonia since birth in a 6-year-old girl. Transoral CO2 laser excision was carried out successfully with no communicating tract. The patient's dysphonia showed progressive regression at 1-year follow-up. Third branchial cyst in the left pyriform sinus (Bailey's type IV) is an unusual cause of dysphonia in pediatric. Our present case report is the first brachial cyst to be reported in the pyriform fossa and the second branchial anomalies to be excised transorally with CO2 laser.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Laser Therapy/methods , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods , Pyriform Sinus/surgery , Branchial Region/abnormalities , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnosis , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hoarseness/diagnosis , Hoarseness/etiology , Hoarseness/surgery , Humans , Pyriform Sinus/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Branchioma/diagnosis , Branchioma/surgery , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Tonsillar Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tonsillar Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Branchioma/complications , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Tonsillar Neoplasms/complications , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
El quiste branquial es una lesión congénita que resulta de un defecto en la obliteración de los arcos branquiales cuyo componente epitelial podría ser el origen de una neoplasia de células escamosas, lo que antiguamente se llamó «carcinoma branquiogénico». Desde su introducción, la existencia de esta lesión ha sido objeto de controversia por la falta de criterios diagnósticos reproducibles que permitan diferenciarlo de la metástasis ganglionar quística por carcinomas epidermoides, especialmente los originados en el anillo de Waldeyer, los cuales pueden presentarse hasta en el 25% de los casos como un carcinoma de origen desconocido. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso clínico y revisar los criterios propuestos por varios autores para el diagnóstico diferencial de ambas lesiones (AU)
A branchial cleft cyst is a congenital lesion resulting from a defect in the obliteration of the branchial clefts. The epithelial component of the cyst may give rise to squamous cell carcinoma or "branchiogenic carcinoma". However, such an occurrence is controversial due to lack of diagnostic criteria that differentiate a primary squamous cell carcinoma from a metastatic one, especially when it arises in Waldeyer's ring, a structure responsible for 25% of cases of carcinomas of unknown origin. We present a case and review diagnostic criteria (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Branchioma/complications , Branchioma/diagnosis , Branchioma/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis , Diagnosis, Differential , Immunohistochemistry , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Branchial cleft cysts are the most common lesions to arise laterally in the neck. Ectopic thyroid tissue within a branchial cleft cyst is rare, and a papillary carcinoma arising from this tissue is extremely rare. We present a case of a lateral neck cyst representing a primary papillary carcinoma that arose in ectopic thyroid tissue within a branchial cleft cyst in a 41-year-old woman. After the mass was surgically excised, thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid scintigraphy, and whole-body F18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography detected no abnormality. The negative findings notwithstanding, surgery on the thyroid gland was planned, but the patient refused it. Therefore, she was followed up with ultrasonography and scintigraphy for 5 years, during which time she exhibited no evidence of recurrence. Total thyroidectomy is still the primary option in such cases, but when it cannot be performed for any reason, vigilant follow-up is essential.
Subject(s)
Branchioma/diagnosis , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Dysgenesis/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Branchioma/complications , Carcinoma/complications , Carcinoma, Papillary , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Humans , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary , Thyroid Dysgenesis/complications , Thyroid Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This report is intended to bring out the association of recurrent postauricular abscess in children with various underlying congenital anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was done in tertiary care setting from the year August 2005 to February 2012 using the medical record department database to retrieve the patient details. During this study period, a total of 215 children with an age range of 1-14 years were treated at the hospital with postauricular abscess. We analysed the data using appropriate statistical tests for parametric and nonparametric data and setting the p value at 0.05 for significance. For testing the association between the recurrence of abscess and the presence of underlying congenital anomalies, Fischer's t test was used. RESULTS: A total of 215 patients were studied, of which 41 patients presented with recurrence. 26 of the 41 patients (63.4%) had recurrent postauricular abscess with associated congenital anomalies. Among the 26 patients, in 16 patients (62%), the recurrent abscesses were due to postauricular sinuses. Other less common causes were infected post auricular dermoid cyst, first branchial cysts, collaural fistula and congenital aural atresia. There was a statistically significant association of the recurrence of abscess with presence of underlying congenital anomalies. CONCLUSION: Paediatric recurrent postauricular abscesses are rare in the post antibiotic era. Their presence should alert a treating physician of an underlying congenital anomaly.
