Role of the 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in colon/colorectal cancers.

The 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) is a protein persulfidase, occurring mainly in mitochondria. Although function of this protein in cancer cells has been already studied, no clear outcome can be postulated up to now. Therefore, we focused on the determination of function of MPST in colon (HCT116 cells)/colorectal (DLD1 cells) cancers. In silico analysis revealed that in gastrointestinal cancers, MPST together with its binding partners can be either of a high risk or might have a protective effect. Silencing of MPST gene resulted in decreased ATP, while acetyl-CoA levels were elevated. Increased apoptosis was detected in cells with silenced MPST gene, which was accompanied by decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, but no changes in IP3 receptor's protein. Mitochondria underwent activation of fission and elevated DRP1 expression after MPST silencing. Proliferation and migration of DLD1 and HCT116 cells were markedly affected, showing the importance of MPST protein in colon/colorectal cancer development.

Contexto social del debate sobre el control natal en Colombia en las décadas de 1960 y 1970: política, medicina y sociedad / The social context of the birth control debate in Colombia in the 1960s and 1970s: politics, medicine and society

El artículo busca presentar el contexto y aproximación preliminares necesarios para comprender y abordar el debate sobre el control natal en Colombia en las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Recoge las principales posturas en conflicto en dicho período, y los discursos y lógicas que permearon la llegada de los programas de planificación norteamericanos a América Latina como forma de control político de los movimientos revolucionarios.

The article seeks to present the necessary context and a preliminary approach to understanding and addressing the birth control debate in Colombia in the 1960s and 1970s. It covers the main conflicting positions during that period and the discourses and logics permeating the arrival of North American family planning programs to Latin America as a form of political control of revolutionary movements.

Predictive factors of alcohol and tobacco use in adolescents / Fatores preditivos do uso de álcool e tabaco em adolescentes / Factores predictivos del uso de alcohol y tabaco en los adolescentes

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the effect of self-esteem, assertiveness, self-efficacy and resiliency on alcohol and tobacco consumption in adolescents. METHOD: a descriptive and correlational study was undertaken with 575 adolescents in 2010. The Self-Esteem Scale, the Situational Confidence Scale, the Assertiveness Questionnaire and the Resiliency Scale were used. RESULTS: the adjustment of the logistic regression model, considering age, sex, self-esteem, assertiveness, self-efficacy and resiliency, demonstrates significance in the consumption of alcohol and tobacco. Age, resiliency and assertiveness predict alcohol consumption in the lifetime and assertiveness predicts alcohol consumption in the last year. Similarly, age and sex predict tobacco consumption in the lifetime and age in the last year. CONCLUSION: this study can offer important information to plan nursing interventions involving adolescent alcohol and tobacco users. .

OBJETIVOS: analisar o efeito da autoestima, assertividade, autoeficácia e resiliência sobre o consumo de álcool e tabaco em adolescentes. MÉTODO: estudo descritivo correlacional com 575 adolescentes, realizado no ano 2010. Foram utilizadas a Escala de Autoestima, o Questionário de Confiança Situacional, o Questionário de Assertividade e a Escala de Resiliência. RESULTADOS: o ajuste do modelo de regressão logística, considerando a idade, sexo, autoestima, assertividade, autoeficácia e resiliência foi significante em relação ao consumo de álcool e tabaco. A idade, resiliência e assertividade foram preditores do consumo de álcool em algum momento na vida e a idade e a assertividade foram preditores no último ano. Para o consumo de tabaco, a idade e o sexo foram preditores em algum momento na vida e a idade no último ano. CONCLUSÃO: este estudo pode proporcionar informações importantes para o planejamento de intervenções de enfermagem em adolescentes usuários de álcool e tabaco .

OBJETIVOS: analizar el efecto de la autoestima, asertividad, autoeficacia y resiliencia sobre el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en adolescentes. MÉTODO: descritivo correlacional con 575 adolescentes, en 2010. Se utilizaron la Escala de Autoestima, el Cuestionario de Confianza Situacional, el Cuestionario de Asertividad y la Escala de Resiliencia. RESULTADOS: el ajuste del modelo de regresión logística, considerando la edad, sexo, autoestima, asertividad, autoeficacia y resiliencia, muestra significancia en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco. La edad, resiliencia y asertividad predicen el consumo de alcohol alguna vez en la vida y la edad y asertividad en el último año. De la misma forma la edad y sexo predicen el consumo de tabaco alguna vez en la vida y la edad en el último año. CONCLUSIÓN: este estudio puede proporcionar información importante para la planificación de intervenciones en enfermería de los adolecentes usuarios de alcohol y tabaco. .

IGF-1 induces expression of zinc-finger protein 143 in colon cancer cells through phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase and reactive oxygen species

Expression of zinc-finger protein 143 (ZNF143), a human homolog of the Xenopus transcriptional activator protein Staf, is induced by various DNA-damaging agents including etoposide, doxorubicin, and gamma-irradiation. ZNF143 binds to cisplatin-modified DNA, and its levels are increased in cancer cells that are resistant to anticancer drugs, including cisplatin, suggesting that it plays a role in carcinogenesis and cancer cell survival. However, the mechanism of ZNF143 induction in cancer cells remains unclear. Both insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its receptor (IGF-1R) have been reported to be overexpressed in cancer cells and to be related to anticancer drug resistance, but the identity of the relevant signaling mediators is still being investigated. In the present study, we observed that IGF-1 was able to induce ZNF143 expression in HCT116 human colon cancer cells and that wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), inhibited this induction, as did diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, and monodansylcardavarine (MDC), a receptor internalization inhibitor. Treatment with MDC decreased the IGF-1-stimulated generation of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, these data suggest that IGF-1 induces ZNF143 expression in cancer cells via PI3-kinase and reactive oxygen species generation during receptor internalization.

Determinación de la expresión de cicloxigenasa-2 en el colon de la rata / Determination of cyclooxigenase-2 expression on rat's colon

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Study of superoxide dismutase's expression in the colon produced by azoxymethane and inositol hexaphosfate's paper, in mice

PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), with use of antioxidant inositol hexaphosfate, in the presence of the carcinogen azoxymethane, in FCA of colon rats. METHODS: Wistar rats (n=48) were distributed in four groups of 12 mice. Divided in control (n=12); with azoxymethane administration AOM (n=12); administration of IP6 (n=12) and with administration of IP6/AOM (n=12). The subcutaneous administration of azoxymethane happened in the week 3 and 4 of the experiment, in dose 20mg/Kg, weekly; and administration of IP6 to 1 percent in water of drinking for 6 weeks in the group 3 and 4. The identification of the expression SOD-1 was accomplished through the quantification imunohistochemistry by the image processing attended by computer in crypts and focus of aberrant crypts in right colon. RESULTS: The group control presented expression of SOD1, on average 16,0 percent; group AOM, 26,7 percent; group IP6, 16,9 percent; group IP6/AOM, 20,9 percent. Variance analysis among the groups, was calculated 0,0078. CONCLUSION: The azoxymethane increase expression SOD1, while inositol hexaphosphate decreases in a significant way the expression of SOD1 promoted by the administration of the carcinogen azoxymethane.

OBJETIVO: Investigar a expressão de superóxido dismutase, com uso de antioxidante inositol hexafosfato, na presença do carcinógeno azoximetano em FCA de cólon de ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e oito ratos Wistar, distribuídos em 4 grupos, divididos em controle (n=12); com administração de azoximetano AOM (n=12); administração de IP6 (n=12) e com administração de IP6/AOM (n=12). A administração subcutânea de azoximetano aconteceu na semana 3 e 4 do experimento, em dose 20mg/Kg, semanal; e administração de IP6 a 1 por cento em água de beber durante 6 semanas no grupo 3 e 4. A identificação da expressão SOD1 foi realizada através da quantificação imunohistoquimíca pelo processamento de imagem assistida por computador em criptas e focos de cripta aberrante em cólon direito. RESULTADOS: O grupo controle apresentou expressão de SOD1, em média 16,0 por cento; grupo AOM, 26,7 por cento; grupo IP6, 16,9 por cento; grupo IP6/AOM, 20,9 por cento. Análise de variância entre os grupos calculou-se 0,0078. CONCLUSÃO: A expressão de SOD-1 mostrou aumento significativo na presença de azoximetano e quando administrou-se IP6 concomitante houve diminuição na expressão de SOD1 promovido pela administração do carcinógeno azoximetano.

Inhibición de la ciclooxigenasa-2 en la carcinogénesis cólica experimental / Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in colon experimental carcinogenesis

Introducción: se ha comprobado a nivel clínico y experimentalla existencia de sobreexpresión de la ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2)en los tumores de colon, por lo que los inhibidores de dicha enzimapodrían tener un efecto preventivo. El objetivo del estudio esinvestigar el efecto de la inhibición de la ciclooxigenasa en un modelode carcinogénesis cólica farmacológica en la rata.Material y métodos: estudio experimental en 65 ratas Sprague-Dawley macho, asignadas a uno de los grupos: control (n =20), con carcinogénesis farmacológica con 1-2 dimetilhidrazina;grupo ácido acetilsalicílico (n = 15), con carcinogénesis y adiciónde AAS, grupo Inhibidores COX-2 a bajas dosis (n = 15), con carcinogénesisy adición de rofecoxib a dosis de 1,2 mg/kg, y grupoInhibidores COX-2 a altas dosis (n = 15), con carcinogénesis y rofecoxiba dosis de 3 mg/kg. El principal parámetro evaluado es elporcentaje de tejido cólico neoplásico y la expresión de COX-2 enel colon normal y neoplásico.Resultados: el rofecoxib a dosis altas reduce el porcentaje decolon ocupado por adenocarcinomas inducidos (p < 0,01). El rofecoxiba dosis bajas presentó el mismo efecto sobre los adenomas(p < 0,05), sin efecto sobre los adenocarcinomas. La expresiónCOX-2 es superior en los adenocarcinomas frente a losadenomas. El rofecoxib redujo la expresión COX-2 respecto alcontrol y AAS (p < 0,01), tanto en los adenomas como en losadenocarcinomas, no mostrando este efecto sobre el colon normal.Conclusiones: el rofecoxib redujo la carcinogénesis cólica inducidaen ratas, reduciendo la expresión COX-2 en los tumores ydisminuyendo el porcentaje de colon neoplásico

Background: an overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been seen in colon tumors; therefore, COX-2 specific inhibitorsmay be used as preventive agents. The aim of this studywas to investigate the effect of both selective and non-selectiveCOX-2 inhibitors on the incidence of colonic tumors in a model ofchemical carcinogenesis in the rat.Design: experimental study with 65 male Sprague-Dawleyrats randomly assigned to one of four groups: (a) control (n = 20),with chemical carcinogenesis using 1-2 dimethylhydrazine (1-2DMH); (b) acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (n = 15), with chemical carcinogenesisand the addition of ASA at 30 mg/kg; (c) low-dose rofecoxib(n = 15), with chemical carcinogenesis and the addition ofrofecoxib at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg; (d) high-dose rofecoxib (n = 15),with carcinogenesis and the addition of rofecoxib at 3 mg/kg.Carcinogenic induction was performed with 1-2 DMH at a weeklydose of 25 mg/kg for 18 weeks. The main parameter evaluatedwas percentage of neoplastic colonic tissue, which relates tumorsurface area to colon surface area.Results: rofecoxib at a dose of 3 mg/kg significantly reducedchemical colon carcinogenesis in rats (p < 0.01). Rofecoxibin lower doses had the same effect on adenomas (p < 0.05)with no effect on adenocarcinomas. Rofecoxib reduced COX-2expression in tumoral tissue from adenomas and adenocarcinomas(p < 0.01).Conclusions: rofecoxib prevents chemical colon carcinogenesisin the rat, with a reduction of tumoral colonic percentage inadenocarcinomas and tumoral COX-2 expression