Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 13 de 13
Filter
1.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 45(3): 39-43, jul.-set. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-527641

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO. Estudar os fatores que, na opinião dos familiares, levam à demora no diagnóstico de Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne(DMD). Caracterizar o primeiro sintoma da doença como atraso de desenvolvimento psicomotor ou como dificuldades motoras após o segundo ano de vida. Determinar o intervalo entre os primeiros sintomas e o diagnóstico definitivo da doença. MÉTODOS. Estudo observacional, descritivo transversal, em amostra de conveniência composta por responsáveis pelos pacientes com diagnóstico de DMD, consecutivamente atendidos nos ambulatórios de neuropediatria do Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 1989 a 2005. RESULTADOS. Participaram do estudo 40 responsáveis de pacientes com DMD, confirmado por achado de deleção no gene da distrofina e/ou ausência de distrofina na biópsia muscular com imuno-histoquímica. A idade média dos primeiros sintomas foi de 2 anos e 11 meses (DP: 1ano e 9 meses). A idade média do diagnóstico definitivo foi de 6 anos e 10 meses (DP: 2 anos e 7 meses). Tempo médio entre os sintomas e diagnóstico foi de 3 anos e 10 meses (DP: 2 anos e 7 meses). Dentre os fatores alegados pelos responsáveis relacionados com a demora no diagnóstico, predomina a falta de reconhecimento da doença pelos médicos. CONCLUSÕES. O desconhecimento médico da doença e a conseqüente falta de reconhecimento dos primeiros sintomas, aliados aencaminhamentos errados e tardios ao especialista, estão relacionados com a demora no diagnóstico definitivo de DMD, segundo a visão dafamília. Sendo assim, torna-se importante e recomendável a divulgação da doença e a necessidade da utilização do exame de triagem nos casossuspeitos, especialmente entre os profissionais cuidadores de crianças.


OBJECTIVE. Study the factors that lead to Duchenne muscular dystrophy diagnosis delay according the opinion of family members.Characterize the first symptom of the disease as either developmental delay or motor disabilities after the second year of life. Determine lapse of time from first symptom to final diagnosis.METHODS. Crossectional descriptive study on a convenience sample of parents from DMD diagnosed boys followed at the Neuropediatric Unit of the Institute of Pediatrics from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, from 1989 to 2005. RESULTS. Forty parents of DMD boys, diagnosed either through deletion on the dystrophin gene and/or absence of dystrophin onimmunohistochemistry biopsy sample was included. Mean age of first symptoms was of 2 years and 11 months (SD 1 year and 9 moths). Finaldiagnosis was reached at mean age of 6 years and 10 months (SD 2 years and 7 months). Mean time from symptoms to diagnosis was of 3 years and 10 months (SD 2 years and 7 months). Among the issues pointed as related to diagnosis delay by the family members stands as most frequent lack of recognition of the disease by the medical doctors. CONCLUSIONS. The lack of knowledge of the disease and therefore of the first by medical doctors, together with wrong and late referrals, are related to the diagnosis delay of DMD according to family members. Therefore, more exposure to the disease and the utility of the screening test for the ones responsible for the child health care is important and advisable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diagnosis, Differential , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnosis , Signs and Symptoms , Diagnostic Services/standards
4.
Radiol. bras ; Radiol. bras;40(1): 39-44, jan.-fev. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-443804

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar os serviços de radiodiagnóstico médico de dois hospitais públicos que fazem uso de equipamentos de raios X na cidade de Rio Branco, Acre. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas entrevistas, medições e observações diretas, usando como referência a legislação brasileira em vigor, com especial ênfase à Portaria SVS/MS n° 453 de 1998, que estabelece as diretrizes básicas de proteção radiológica em radiodiagnóstico médico e odontológico. RESULTADOS: Os dados obtidos indicaram a ocorrência de elevado número de itens em desacordo com a legislação consultada em ambos os serviços radiológicos dos hospitais pesquisados, especialmente equipamentos funcionando de forma parcial e o descumprimento de alguns protocolos de segurança. CONCLUSÃO: As infrações técnicas ou operacionais foram, basicamente, em decorrência do desconhecimento sobre a legislação, a ausência de programa de manutenção preventiva dos equipamentos e da falta de investimentos em treinamentos e/ou cursos de atualização profissional. A melhoria dos serviços de radiodiagnóstico médico das instituições investigadas requer, portanto, uma série de modificações, que vão de simples às mais complexas.


OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the present study was to evaluate radiodiagnosis services in two public hospitals with x-ray equipment in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Interviews, measurements and direct observation were performed, following the Brazilian legislation in force, especially the Order (Portaria) SVS/MS 453 of 1998 of the Ministry of Health establishing the basic guidelines for radiation exposure protection in medical and odontological x-ray facilities. RESULTS: The data indicated a high rate of non-compliance with the legislation in both radiological services, especially concerning poor equipment operation, and non-compliance with some safety protocols. CONCLUSION: Basically, technical and operational infractions have occurred as a result of a broad unfamiliarity with the legislation, the absence of a preventive equipment maintenance program, besides low investment in training and/or courses for professional updating. Therefore, a considerable number of simple and complex changes are demanded to improve the quality of the investigated radiodiagnosis services.


Subject(s)
Radiology Department, Hospital/standards , Diagnostic Services/standards , Health Services Research , Brazil , Quality Control , Radiology Department, Hospital/legislation & jurisprudence , Radiology Department, Hospital/organization & administration
5.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 13(3): 415-22, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16059548

ABSTRACT

Nurses apply knowledge, perceptual and cognitive skills to analyze patient data and propose nursing interventions. The interventions' outcomes depend on their appropriateness which, in turn, depends on the accuracy of nurses' interpretations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of evidenced-based practice (EBP) for nursing diagnostic reasoning, by means of a written case study. The principles of EBP in diagnostic reasoning are: validity of a diagnostic test; ability of a test to discriminate those who do or do not display a specific response; ability of a test to estimate the magnitude of a response; and the appropriateness of a diagnostic test within the clinical context. Gaps in nursing knowledge jeopardize the application of EBP principles in clinical nursing assessment and diagnosis. The authors present a framework to demonstrate the application of EBP to diagnostic reasoning.


Subject(s)
Decision Making , Diagnostic Services/standards , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Humans , Nursing Diagnosis
6.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online);13(3): 415-422, maio-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-405433

ABSTRACT

As enfermeiras aplicam conhecimento, habilidades perceptuais e cognitivas para analisar dados dos pacientes e propor intervenções de enfermagem. Os resultados dessas intervenções dependem da adequação de sua proposição, o que, por sua vez, depende da acurácia das interpretações dos dados dos pacientes. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a aplicação de princípios da prática baseada em evidência (PBE) às decisões diagnósticas no cuidado de enfermagem, utilizando estudo de caso escrito. Os princípios da prática baseada em evidências, na definição do diagnóstico, são: a validade de um teste diagnóstico; a capacidade de o teste discriminar aqueles que apresentam uma resposta específica; a capacidade de o teste estimar a magnitude da resposta; e a adequação do teste diagnóstico ao contexto clínico. Lacunas no conhecimento de enfermagem limitam a aplicação dos princípios da PBE na avaliação clínica e no diagnóstico de enfermagem. As autoras apresentam uma estrutura para exemplificar o uso da PBE no raciocínio diagnóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Decision Making , Diagnostic Services/standards , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Nursing Diagnosis
8.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 39(4): 167-70, 2003 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12716557

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the duration of the outpatient diagnostic process for lung cancer in comparison to that of other solid organ tumors/all tumors at the National Oncology Institute-Society to Fight Cancer (ION-SOLCA) of Ecuador. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) seen between January 1 and December 31, 1995 at the ION-SOLCA, a specialized tertiary care hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador, were studied. The duration of the patients' diagnostic process was compared to that of other patients with solid organ tumors (1 control per NSCLC patient). DESIGN: Retrospective study of health care services to measure the duration of each stage of the diagnostic process for cancer patients at the ION-SOLCA. MEASURES: The main variable was the duration of the diagnostic process. The duration of each phase of the process was also recorded. RESULTS: Results are given as means ( standard deviations, with standard errors between parentheses). The overall duration of the diagnostic process for all solid organ tumors (lung and others) at the ION-SOLCA was 54.5 days 62.3 (7.6). No differences were detected between the duration of diagnosis for lung and other tumors. The durations of the different phases of diagnosis were as follows: from the first pre-admission contact with the hospital until a visit with a specialist, 12.5 days 11.4 (1.4); from the visit with a specialist until a diagnostic procedure, 33.3 days 57 (7); and from the diagnostic procedure until the pathological diagnosis, 8.7 days 6.9 (0.8). CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient evaluation is an inefficient, slow and potentially dangerous process in cases in which the probability of a cancer diagnosis is high. A more interventionist process involving hospital admission may accelerate diagnosis in such cases.


Subject(s)
Cancer Care Facilities/organization & administration , Diagnostic Services/organization & administration , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/organization & administration , Diagnostic Services/standards , Ecuador , Humans , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/standards , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
11.
Washington, D.C; Organización Panamericana de la Salud. PALTEX; 1985. 47 p. ilus.(OPS. Serie PALTEX para Ejecutores de Programas de Salud, 6). (PXE06).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, MINSALCHILE | ID: lil-375909
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL