ABSTRACT
Nowadays, data concerning the composition of Caryodendron orinocense Karst. (Euphorbiaceae) and Bactris gasipaes Kunth (Arecaceae) seed oils are lacking. In light of this fact, in this paper fatty acids and unsaponifiable fraction composition have been determined using GC-MS, HPLC-DAD (Diode Array Detector), NMR approaches and possible future applications have been preliminary investigated through estimation of antioxidant activity, performed with DPPH test. For C. orinocense linoleic acid (85.59%) was the main component, lauric (33.29%) and myristic (27.76%) acids were instead the most abundant in B. gasipaes. C. orinocense unsaponifiable fraction (8.06%) evidenced a remarkable content of ß-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, squalene and vitamin E (816 ppm). B. gasipaes revealed instead ß-sitosterol and squalene as main constituents of unsaponifiable matter (3.01%). Antioxidant capacity evidenced the best performance of C. orinocense seed oil. These preliminary results could be interesting to suggest the improvement of the population's incomes from Amazonian basin. In particular the knowledge of chemical composition of C. orinocense and B. gasipaes oils could be helpful to divulge and valorize these autochthones plants.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Arecaceae/chemistry , Euphorbiaceae/chemistry , Fatty Acids/isolation & purification , Fatty Acids/pharmacology , Nuts/chemistry , Plant Oils/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Cholesterol/analogs & derivatives , Cholesterol/analysis , Cholesterol/isolation & purification , Cholesterol/pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Fatty Acids/analysis , Free Radical Scavengers , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Lauric Acids/analysis , Lauric Acids/isolation & purification , Lauric Acids/pharmacology , Linoleic Acid/analysis , Linoleic Acid/isolation & purification , Linoleic Acid/pharmacology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Myristic Acid/analysis , Myristic Acid/isolation & purification , Myristic Acid/pharmacology , Phytosterols/analysis , Phytosterols/isolation & purification , Phytosterols/pharmacology , Plant Oils/isolation & purification , Sitosterols/analysis , Sitosterols/isolation & purification , Sitosterols/pharmacology , Squalene/analysis , Squalene/isolation & purification , Squalene/pharmacology , Stigmasterol/analysis , Stigmasterol/isolation & purification , Stigmasterol/pharmacology , Vitamin E/analysis , Vitamin E/isolation & purification , Vitamin E/pharmacologyABSTRACT
D-004, a lipid extract of Roystonea regia fruits that contains oleic, lauric and myristic acids as major components inhibits alpha1-adrenoreceptors-mediated contractile responses in isolated rat vas deferens and prostate trips; no study has demonstrated a similar effect for oleic, lauric or myristic acids individually. Therefore, the effects of D-004 (250 microg/mL), oleic (100 microg/mL), lauric (50 microg/mL) or myristic (25 microg/mL) acids and their combined effects on phenylephrine (PHE: 10(-7)-10(-4) mol/L) induced contractions has been studied. No treatment changed the basal tone of the preparations, but all inhibited PHE-induced contractions. D-004 produced the highest inhibition, followed by lauric acid, which was more effective than myristic and oleic acids against PHE-induced contractions of control group. D-004 and the mixture of the three acids produced similar inhibitions.