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2.
Med. UIS ; 12(1): 19-23, ene.-feb. 1998. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-231998

ABSTRACT

El estudio de péptidos antigémicos candidatos al desarrollo de una vacuna contra la malaria por Plasmodium falciparum, ha mostrado la influencia del complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad humano en la respuesta inmune a determinados epítopes parásitarios. El estudio de la asociación entre el Antígeno Leucocitario Humano-B-53 (HLA) y la protección contra malaria severa ha permitido la caracterización de los péptidos presentados por esta molécula definiendo un epítope reconocido por los linfocitos T citotóxicos de los individuos protegidos. A pesar de que existen muchos hallazgos contradictorios, se sugiere la evaluación de este péptido como componente de una vacuna sintética. Otros hallazgos indican que algunas moléculas HLA clase II modifican la respuesta inmune humoral a antígenos parasitarios específicos mostrándose por ejemplo, una asociación positiva entre los portadores del alelo DQw2 y la respuesta de anticuerpos a la secuencia repetitiva (EENV)6 del antígeno Pf155/RESA o una asociación negativa entre los individuos homocigotos al antígeno HLA-DR4 y la respuesta inmune humoral al péptido sintético Spf66. Es importante estudiar los mecanismos por los cuales operan estas asociaciones para definir nuevos péptidos antigénicos potencialmente protectores, verificar el papel de otros genes cuyo locus está ubicado en la región HLA en el desarrollo de susceptibilidad o de resistencia a la infección y aumentar nuestro conocimiento sobre los procesos de selección natural de las moléculas HLA en las poblaciones considerando que el polimorfismo de estas moléculas ha surgido fundamentalmente por el encuentro con diferentes patógenos


Subject(s)
Humans , Major Histocompatibility Complex/drug effects , Major Histocompatibility Complex/immunology , Major Histocompatibility Complex/physiology , Malaria Vaccines/administration & dosage , Malaria Vaccines/antagonists & inhibitors , Malaria Vaccines/genetics , Malaria Vaccines/immunology , Malaria Vaccines/pharmacokinetics , Malaria Vaccines/pharmacology , Malaria Vaccines/standards , Malaria Vaccines/therapeutic use
3.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 55(4): 424-9, 1996 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8916800

ABSTRACT

In the present work, we analyze the recognition of synthetic polypeptides encompassing the aminoterminal (amino acids 22-125) and the carboxy terminal (289-390) regions of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum by sera from donors living in endemic area of South America and Africa. Two populations were studied: one on the Colombian Pacific coast, with low endemicity for malaria; and a western African village exposed to a very intense transmission of P. falciparum. Antibodies directed to the two polypeptides were found at high titers in both populations. Furthermore, this response was observed in individuals lacking antibodies to the highly repetitive central sequence of the CS protein (NANP). The epitopes responsible for this recognition were mapped to the region 81-125 and 316-346 of the N- and C-termini, respectively. When the two populations were compared, both showed high titers of antibodies to the two flanking peptides. However, while 95% of the sera from African adults showed antibodies against the repeat region of the CS protein, only 37% of the Colombian adults studied had these antibodies. Furthermore, African donors of various ages exhibited different patterns of recognition of the two polypeptides. In African children less than five years of age, antibodies were found in comparable levels to Colombian adults; however, in older African donors, the response to NANP became dominant. These findings may reflect the skewing effect of the humoral response towards the central repetitive epitope under conditions of frequent exposure to malaria infections. The production of such polypeptides encompassing regions that contain multiple epitopes for antibodies, T helper, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes would be advantageous in the generation of new and more efficient malaria vaccines.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology , Malaria, Falciparum/immunology , Peptides/immunology , Plasmodium falciparum/immunology , Protozoan Proteins/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antibody Specificity , Antigens, Protozoan/chemistry , Antigens, Protozoan/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Colombia/epidemiology , Epitope Mapping , Epitopes/analysis , Epitopes/immunology , Humans , Immune Sera/immunology , Malaria Vaccines/chemistry , Malaria Vaccines/standards , Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology , Mali/epidemiology , Protozoan Proteins/chemistry
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