Diversity and conservation of fishes from karstic areas of the Jandaíra Formation in the Brazilian semiarid

Few studies have focused on non-troglomorphic fishes occurring in Brazilian caves, especially those in the Caatinga region. The present study is the first survey of fishes from karstic areas of the Jandaíra Formation in Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil. This region is characterized by a high concentration of caves and a rich subterranean biodiversity, especially of troglobitic invertebrates, but remains considered a gap on the knowledge of the subterranean ichthyofauna in Brazil. Four field expeditions were carried out covering two dry and two rainy seasons, in 2018 and 2019, in 23 localities in small river basins along the western part of the Jandaíra Formation. A total of 829 fish specimens, none of them troglomorphic, was captured and identified as belonging to 25 species of 12 families and five orders. Amongst them, four species are endemic of the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion, and two non-native species were recorded. Habitats were classified into three categories: superficial, associated to cave, and cave. Although no troglomorphic fish species was found in this study, we recorded 64.1% of the Apodi-Mossoró river ichthyofauna occurring in caves or associated to caves, corroborating the hypothesis that part of the ichthyofauna exploits these environments as a refuge during the dry season. In addition, we suggest conservation policies for the maintenance of subterranean and aquatic semiarid ecosystems in the Jandaira formation, which is currently under threat due to anthropogenic activities, such as mining and deforestation.(AU)

Importance of the study of reproduction in small animals and preservation of species / Importancia del estudio de la reproducción en animales pequeños y la preservación de especies / Importância do estudo da reprodução em pequenos animais e preservação das espécies

Although reproduction in small animals is relatively current, its objectives are very varied. Initially they were used as a study model in physiology and various pathologies. In the same way, many small animals are produced as food and finally, in the last 20 years, the importance of pets and the intensification in the selection of canine and feline breeds, has caused an important impulse in the development of new scientific information. Although currently technical resources have advanced substantially, there are still many basic and important issues that have not yet been elucidated by formal science. Global threats facing wild species include the consequences of climate change, population growth, urbanization, air and water pollution, and the release of chemicals into the environment, causing, on average, 25% of animals are in danger of extinction. Wild animal populations are small and dispersed in their habitat with little or no opportunity for genetic exchange, which has generated in recent years many programs to preserve wild species and design appropriate strategies that lead to sustainable populations. Fortunately, recent and inspiring advances in the science of wildlife reproduction have been reported that will set directions for future research and will surely lead to further successes in conservation biology.(AU)

Swine viscera preservation in hypersaturated salt solution after alcohol fixation as a preparation method for educational purposes.

The use of live animals for educational purposes is an old practice that is still employed in teaching and research institutions. However, there are several objections to this practice, whether for ethical or humanitarian reasons. Surgical techniques teaching using anatomical pieces and/or preserved cadavers promotes greater learning efficiency, provides exercise repetition and increases the confidence and satisfaction of the students when compared to the use of live animals. The current work aimed to analyse the feasibility of using fresh swine urinary bladder and small intestines (jejunum), obtained from slaughterhouses, fixed in 99.8% ethyl alcohol (EA) and preserved in sodium chloride hypersaturated solution (SCHS) at 30%, for 7, 14 and 21 days, as an alternative method for surgical skills training (SST). Swine viscera, fixed in EA and preserved in SCHS, presented a realistic appearance, absence of odour and maintained the viable morphological characteristics during the performance of the operative techniques. Preservation solutions had low cost, were easy to acquire and did not offers risks to human health. Therefore, urinary bladders and small intestines fixed in 99.8% EA for 30 days and maintained in 30% SCHS at different periods were demonstrated as a good viable option as a preservation method for surgical skills training.

Aspectos legais e destinação durante o resgate de animais silvestres nativos no Brasil / Legal aspects and destination during the rescue of native wild animals in Brazil

O resgate de animais silvestres está diretamente relacionado à preservação da fauna silvestre do País. Os animais resgatados pela Polícia Militar Ambiental são encaminhados aos Centros de Triagem e Reabilitação de Animais Silvestres (Cetras), conforme estabelecido pela Resolução Conama nº 489/ 2018, para identificação, avaliação e, em algumas vezes, serem reabilitados antes de ser determinado o seu destino. Tratando-se de animais acidentados, há duas principais origens: animais atropelados, principalmente em rodovias, e animais provenientes de acidentes em centros urbanos. O tráfico de animais silvestres também causa um impacto importante na fauna brasileira, principalmente em espécies vulneráveis e/ou em extinção. É de extrema importância a ação dos centros de conservação de espécies, com vistas à redução dos altos índices de animais incluídos na lista de espécies ameaçadas de extinção.

Rescuing wild animals is directly related to the preservation of the country’s wildlife. The animals rescued by the Environmental Military Police are sent to the Wild Animal Screening and Rehabilitation Centers (Cetras), as established by Conama Resolution n. 489/2018, for identification, evaluation and sometimes being rehabilitated before determining their destination. In the case of injured animals, there are two main origins: animals run over, mainly on highways, and animals from accidents in the urban centers. Trafficking of wild animals also causes an important impact on the Brazilian fauna, especially on rare and/or endangered species. The action of species conservation centers is extremely important in order to reduce the high levels of animals on the endangered threat list.

Aspectos legais e destinação durante o resgate de animais silvestres nativos no Brasil / Legal aspects and destination during the rescue of native wild animals in Brazil

O resgate de animais silvestres está diretamente relacionado à preservação da fauna silvestre do País. Os animais resgatados pela Polícia Militar Ambiental são encaminhados aos Centros de Triagem e Reabilitação de Animais Silvestres (Cetras), conforme estabelecido pela Resolução Conama nº 489/ 2018, para identificação, avaliação e, em algumas vezes, serem reabilitados antes de ser determinado o seu destino. Tratando-se de animais acidentados, há duas principais origens: animais atropelados, principalmente em rodovias, e animais provenientes de acidentes em centros urbanos. O tráfico de animais silvestres também causa um impacto importante na fauna brasileira, principalmente em espécies vulneráveis e/ou em extinção. É de extrema importância a ação dos centros de conservação de espécies, com vistas à redução dos altos índices de animais incluídos na lista de espécies ameaçadas de extinção.(AU)

Rescuing wild animals is directly related to the preservation of the countrys wildlife. The animals rescued by the Environmental Military Police are sent to the Wild Animal Screening and Rehabilitation Centers (Cetras), as established by Conama Resolution n. 489/2018, for identification, evaluation and sometimes being rehabilitated before determining their destination. In the case of injured animals, there are two main origins: animals run over, mainly on highways, and animals from accidents in the urban centers. Trafficking of wild animals also causes an important impact on the Brazilian fauna, especially on rare and/or endangered species. The action of species conservation centers is extremely important in order to reduce the high levels of animals on the endangered threat list.(AU)

Evaluation of an alternative technique for preserving crustaceans in dry conditions with joint mobility: a proposal for didactic purposes

Although crustaceans are traditionally preserved in liquids (formaldehyde and/or ethyl alcohol), those substances tend to alter their morphological aspects. Glycerin, used in human anatomy, is considered a good substitute for formaldehyde, as it preserves animals in states similar to in vivo conditions. There are no records in the literature, however, concerning the use of glycerin for conserving invertebrates. The objective of this work was to elaborate and evaluate alternative techniques for conserving the crustacean Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763). Six fixatives (1, 3, 4 and 5% formaldehyde, 70% alcohol, and dietrich solution) and two controls (positive and negative) were tested, as well as the effects of freezing before fixation on the integrity of U. cordatus specimens. Our results were evaluated with respect to nine variables. The treatments that demonstrated the best aesthetic results were 4% formaldehyde and 70% ethyl alcohol. The freezing of the animals resulted in brittle organs in all treatments tested. The technique discussed here is extremely promising for the conservation of animals for educational purposes, as it produces preserved specimens that are aesthetically similar to their in vivo conditions.(AU)

Evaluation of an alternative technique for preserving crustaceans in dry conditions with joint mobility: a proposal for didactic purposes

Although crustaceans are traditionally preserved in liquids (formaldehyde and/or ethyl alcohol), those substances tend to alter their morphological aspects. Glycerin, used in human anatomy, is considered a good substitute for formaldehyde, as it preserves animals in states similar to in vivo conditions. There are no records in the literature, however, concerning the use of glycerin for conserving invertebrates. The objective of this work was to elaborate and evaluate alternative techniques for conserving the crustacean Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763). Six fixatives (1, 3, 4 and 5% formaldehyde, 70% alcohol, and dietrich solution) and two controls (positive and negative) were tested, as well as the effects of freezing before fixation on the integrity of U. cordatus specimens. Our results were evaluated with respect to nine variables. The treatments that demonstrated the best aesthetic results were 4% formaldehyde and 70% ethyl alcohol. The freezing of the animals resulted in brittle organs in all treatments tested. The technique discussed here is extremely promising for the conservation of animals for educational purposes, as it produces preserved specimens that are aesthetically similar to their in vivo conditions.

Técnicas reprodutivas, criopreservação espermática e coleta de sêmen em felinos selvagens visando à conservação – revisão bibliográfica

As técnicas de reprodução assistida (TRAs) como a inseminação artificial (IA), fertilização in vitro (FIV), transferência de embrião (TE) e a criopreservação de espermatozoide são de fundamental importância para que a variabilidade genética dos felinos selvagem de cativeiro não seja perdida, tal fato está diretamente ligado à conservação dessas espécies. Embora a criopreservação ainda seja um grande desafio devido a queda na qualidade espermática, essa tecnologia possibilita a utilização dos gametas masculinos por um período relativamente longo ou indeterminado, reduz riscos e custos com aquisição e transporte de reprodutores, além de favorecer rápida distribuição do material genético entre locais distantes.

Assisted reproduction techniques (ART), artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo transfer (ET) and cryopreservation of spermatozoa are of fundamental importance for the genetic variability of wild felines of captivity not to be This fact is directly related to the conservation of these species. Although cryopreservation is still a major challenge due to a decrease in sperm quality, this technology allows male gametes to be used for a relatively long or indeterminate period, reduces risks and costs with the acquisition and transport of breeding stock, and favors rapid distribution of genetic material between distant locations.

Técnicas reprodutivas, criopreservação espermática e coleta de sêmen em felinos selvagens visando à conservação revisão bibliográfica

As técnicas de reprodução assistida (TRAs) como a inseminação artificial (IA), fertilização in vitro (FIV), transferência de embrião (TE) e a criopreservação de espermatozoide são de fundamental importância para que a variabilidade genética dos felinos selvagem de cativeiro não seja perdida, tal fato está diretamente ligado à conservação dessas espécies. Embora a criopreservação ainda seja um grande desafio devido a queda na qualidade espermática, essa tecnologia possibilita a utilização dos gametas masculinos por um período relativamente longo ou indeterminado, reduz riscos e custos com aquisição e transporte de reprodutores, além de favorecer rápida distribuição do material genético entre locais distantes.(AU)

Assisted reproduction techniques (ART), artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo transfer (ET) and cryopreservation of spermatozoa are of fundamental importance for the genetic variability of wild felines of captivity not to be This fact is directly related to the conservation of these species. Although cryopreservation is still a major challenge due to a decrease in sperm quality, this technology allows male gametes to be used for a relatively long or indeterminate period, reduces risks and costs with the acquisition and transport of breeding stock, and favors rapid distribution of genetic material between distant locations.(AU)

Biotécnicas reprodutivas em carnívoros neotropicais / Reproductive biotechniques in neotropical carnivores

Os carnívoros neotropicais incluem um grande número de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. É fundamental desenvolver esforços de conservação para garantir a sustentabilidade das populações in situ e ex situ. As principais prioridades são proteger os habitats naturais e entender melhor a biologia destas espécies. Os esforços de conservação também devem ser direcionados à implementação de programas de preservação da variabilidade genética e ao desenvolvimento de biotecnologias reprodutivas aplicáveis a realidade das instituições mantenedoras como zoológicos e bioparques. Também é fundamental criar bancos de germoplasma que contribuam para manter a diversidade genética em populações pequenas e ameaçadas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo revisar as biotécnicas reprodutivas aplicadas em carnívoros neotropicais e discutir sobre os resultados já obtidos na conservação dessas espécies.

Neotropical carnivores include a large number of endangered species. Development of resources to guarantee sustainability of in situ and ex situ populations are fundamental. The main priorities are to protect natural habitats and understand about biology of these species. Conservation efforts should also be directed towards the implementation of breeding programs and development of reproductive biotechnologies applicable to reality of animal welfare institutions such as zoos and bioparks. It is also essential to establish genebanks that help maintain genetic diversity in small and endangered populations. Present article aims to review reproductive biotechniques on neotropical carnivores and to discuss results obtained in conservation of these species.

Biotécnicas reprodutivas em carnívoros neotropicais / Reproductive biotechniques in neotropical carnivores

Os carnívoros neotropicais incluem um grande número de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. É fundamental desenvolver esforços de conservação para garantir a sustentabilidade das populações in situ e ex situ. As principais prioridades são proteger os habitats naturais e entender melhor a biologia destas espécies. Os esforços de conservação também devem ser direcionados à implementação de programas de preservação da variabilidade genética e ao desenvolvimento de biotecnologias reprodutivas aplicáveis a realidade das instituições mantenedoras como zoológicos e bioparques. Também é fundamental criar bancos de germoplasma que contribuam para manter a diversidade genética em populações pequenas e ameaçadas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo revisar as biotécnicas reprodutivas aplicadas em carnívoros neotropicais e discutir sobre os resultados já obtidos na conservação dessas espécies.(AU)

Neotropical carnivores include a large number of endangered species. Development of resources to guarantee sustainability of in situ and ex situ populations are fundamental. The main priorities are to protect natural habitats and understand about biology of these species. Conservation efforts should also be directed towards the implementation of breeding programs and development of reproductive biotechnologies applicable to reality of animal welfare institutions such as zoos and bioparks. It is also essential to establish genebanks that help maintain genetic diversity in small and endangered populations. Present article aims to review reproductive biotechniques on neotropical carnivores and to discuss results obtained in conservation of these species.(AU)

Land use and land cover mapping and identification of misuse in the permanent preservation areas in the Tailândia Municipality - PA / Mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra e identificação de uso indevido em áreas de preservação permanente no Município de Tailândia - PA

The objective of this study is to expand the mapping of land use and land cover, as well as of the permanent preservation areas (PPAs), and identify land misuse areas in the PPAs in the Tailândia municipality in the state of Pará, which is part of the Amazon biome. Remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems (GIS) were used to achieve these goals. Mapping and classification for the year 2012 were made by visual interpretation of images obtained from the RapidEye satellite, which has a 5 m spatial resolution. In this work, we identified nine classes of land use and land cover. From the hydrography vectors it was possible to determinate the Permanent Preservation Areas of the bodies of water according to the environmental legislation. Analysis of misuse in the PPAs was made by crossingchecking the land use and land cover data with that of the PPAs. The results show that 53% of the municipality (2,347.64 km²) is occupied by human activities. Livestock farming is the activity that has most increased the use of area (30%), followed by altered vegetation (14.6%) and palm oil (7.2%). The PPAs have a high percentage of misuse (47.12%), with livestock being the largest contributor, occupying 26.65% of the PPAs, followed by altered vegetation (12.64%) and palm oil (4.29%). Therefore, the main objective in Tailândia is to reconcile economic activity with sustainable development. It is important to emphasize the partnerships between the government, research institutions, regulatory agencies, states departments and local communities, else it would be impossible to monitor or control an area as vast as the Amazon.(AU)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar o mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra bem como mapear as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) e identificar as atividades infratoras em APPs no município de Tailândia no estado do Pará, que faz parte do bioma da Amazônia. Para este fim, técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e Sistema de Informação Geográfica foram utilizadas. O mapeamento e a classificação foram realizados por interpretação visual das imagens de satélite RapidEye com 5 m de resolução espacial para o ano de 2012. Foram identificadas nove classes de uso e cobertura da terra. A partir dos vetores de hidrografia foi possível determinar as Áreas de Preservação Permanente dos corpos dagua de acordo com a legislação ambiental. A análise do uso indevido em APPs foi feito a partir do cruzamento de dados do uso e cobertura da terra com as APPs. Segundo os dados obtidos 53% do município (2.347,64 km²) são ocupados por atividades antrópicas. A pastagem é a atividade que possui maior área de uso (30%), seguido pela vegetação alterada (14,6%) e dendê (7,2%). As APPs possuem uma alta porcentagem de uso indevido (47,12%), sendo que a pastagem é a maior infratora, ocupando 26,65% das APPs, seguida pela vegetação alterada (12,64%) e dendê (4,29%). Portanto o principal desafio do município é conciliar a atividade econômica e o desenvolvimento sustentável, sendo importante salientar que são necessárias as parcerias entre o Estado, as instituições de pesquisas, órgãos fiscalizadores, secretarias estaduais e comunidades locais, pois sem essas parcerias seria impossível fiscalizar ou controlar uma área tão imensa quanto o da Amazônia Legal.(AU)

Land use and land cover mapping and identification of misuse in the permanent preservation areas in the Tailândia Municipality - PA / Mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra e identificação de uso indevido em áreas de preservação permanente no Município de Tailândia - PA

The objective of this study is to expand the mapping of land use and land cover, as well as of the permanent preservation areas (PPAs), and identify land misuse areas in the PPAs in the Tailândia municipality in the state of Pará, which is part of the Amazon biome. Remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems (GIS) were used to achieve these goals. Mapping and classification for the year 2012 were made by visual interpretation of images obtained from the RapidEye satellite, which has a 5 m spatial resolution. In this work, we identified nine classes of land use and land cover. From the hydrography vectors it was possible to determinate the Permanent Preservation Areas of the bodies of water according to the environmental legislation. Analysis of misuse in the PPAs was made by crossingchecking the land use and land cover data with that of the PPAs. The results show that 53% of the municipality (2,347.64 km²) is occupied by human activities. Livestock farming is the activity that has most increased the use of area (30%), followed by altered vegetation (14.6%) and palm oil (7.2%). The PPAs have a high percentage of misuse (47.12%), with livestock being the largest contributor, occupying 26.65% of the PPAs, followed by altered vegetation (12.64%) and palm oil (4.29%). Therefore, the main objective in Tailândia is to reconcile economic activity with sustainable development. It is important to emphasize the partnerships between the government, research institutions, regulatory agencies, states departments and local communities, else it would be impossible to monitor or control an area as vast as the Amazon.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar o mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra bem como mapear as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) e identificar as atividades infratoras em APPs no município de Tailândia no estado do Pará, que faz parte do bioma da Amazônia. Para este fim, técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e Sistema de Informação Geográfica foram utilizadas. O mapeamento e a classificação foram realizados por interpretação visual das imagens de satélite RapidEye com 5 m de resolução espacial para o ano de 2012. Foram identificadas nove classes de uso e cobertura da terra. A partir dos vetores de hidrografia foi possível determinar as Áreas de Preservação Permanente dos corpos d’agua de acordo com a legislação ambiental. A análise do uso indevido em APPs foi feito a partir do cruzamento de dados do uso e cobertura da terra com as APPs. Segundo os dados obtidos 53% do município (2.347,64 km²) são ocupados por atividades antrópicas. A pastagem é a atividade que possui maior área de uso (30%), seguido pela vegetação alterada (14,6%) e dendê (7,2%). As APPs possuem uma alta porcentagem de uso indevido (47,12%), sendo que a pastagem é a maior infratora, ocupando 26,65% das APPs, seguida pela vegetação alterada (12,64%) e dendê (4,29%). Portanto o principal desafio do município é conciliar a atividade econômica e o desenvolvimento sustentável, sendo importante salientar que são necessárias as parcerias entre o Estado, as instituições de pesquisas, órgãos fiscalizadores, secretarias estaduais e comunidades locais, pois sem essas parcerias seria impossível fiscalizar ou controlar uma área tão imensa quanto o da Amazônia Legal.

Biobanking and fertility preservation for rare and endangered species

For more than 25 years, systematic gatheringand cryo-storage of biomaterials from diverse wildspecies have been ongoing to save gene diversity andimprove captive (ex situ) and wild (in situ) animalmanagement. Cryo-storage of biomaterials offers broadopportunities - from helping understand the fundamentalbiology of unstudied species to enhanced conservationbreeding, genomics and veterinary medicine. Whilepromoted for decades, the banking of germplasm, tissue,blood and DNA from wildlife species only recently hasbeen considered by some to be a core function of animalconservation programs. Importantly, reproductivebiotechnologies and fertility preservation are criticaltools for saving and maintaining endangered species andare tightly related to biobanking. Some successes havebeen reported with the use and integration of artificialinsemination (with fresh or frozen-thawed semen) inconservation programs. However, not a single wildspecies is currently managed through oocyte freezing orembryo-based technologies. This is primarily due to thelack of knowledge of species biology, as well asinadequate facilities, space, expertise, and fundingneeded for their successful application. Morefundamental studies on animal reproductive biology aswell as more fertility preservation options are neededwith all parties involved (reproductive technologists,zoo biologists and conservationists) adopting parallelefforts to sustain wild populations and habitats.

Biobanking and fertility preservation for rare and endangered species

For more than 25 years, systematic gatheringand cryo-storage of biomaterials from diverse wildspecies have been ongoing to save gene diversity andimprove captive (ex situ) and wild (in situ) animalmanagement. Cryo-storage of biomaterials offers broadopportunities - from helping understand the fundamentalbiology of unstudied species to enhanced conservationbreeding, genomics and veterinary medicine. Whilepromoted for decades, the banking of germplasm, tissue,blood and DNA from wildlife species only recently hasbeen considered by some to be a core function of animalconservation programs. Importantly, reproductivebiotechnologies and fertility preservation are criticaltools for saving and maintaining endangered species andare tightly related to biobanking. Some successes havebeen reported with the use and integration of artificialinsemination (with fresh or frozen-thawed semen) inconservation programs. However, not a single wildspecies is currently managed through oocyte freezing orembryo-based technologies. This is primarily due to thelack of knowledge of species biology, as well asinadequate facilities, space, expertise, and fundingneeded for their successful application. Morefundamental studies on animal reproductive biology aswell as more fertility preservation options are neededwith all parties involved (reproductive technologists,zoo biologists and conservationists) adopting parallelefforts to sustain wild populations and habitats.(AU)

Physiologic parameters in female red-billed curassows (Crax blumenbachii) in rehabilitation / Parâmetros fisiológicos em fêmeas de mutum do Sudeste (Crax blumenbachii) em reabilitação

The present paper reports blood gas analysis, hematologic and micro bacteriologic information on four female Red-billed curassows, rescued from illegal wild animal trading, that were undergoing habilitation for reintroduction into the wild through Projeto Centrofauna/Botucatu-SP. There is a lack of physiological data on this species, endemic to the region of Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica), now under threat of extinction. This lack of information makes the clinical evaluation of these birds very difficult and has a direct and adverse effect on any of these birds received for medical treatment in hospitals, veterinary clinics and centers for research and conservation, as well as in reintroduction centers.

O presente artigo reporta dados inéditos de análise hemogasométrica, hematológica e bacteriológica de quatro fêmeas de Mutum do Sudeste, resgatadas do tráfico ilegal de animais silvestres e em processo de habilitação e reintrodução para vida-livre pelo Projeto Centrofauna, Botucatu/SP. Na literatura há uma falta de dados fisiológicos sobre esta espécie, endêmica da região da Mata Atlântica e ameaçada de extinção. Esta falta de informação faz com que avaliações clínicas nesta espécie aviária sejam muito difíceis de interpretar, causando um efeito direto e negativo nestas aves para a realização de tratamento médico em hospitais, clínicas veterinárias, centros de pesquisa e/ou conservação, bem como centros de reintrodução.

Physiologic parameters in female Red-billed curassows (Crax blumenbachii) in rehabilitation / Parâmetros fisiológicos em fêmeas de Mutum do Sudeste (Crax blumenbachii) em reabilitação

The present paper reports blood gas analysis, hematologic and micro bacteriologic information on four female Red-billed curassows, rescued from illegal wild animal trading, that were undergoing habilitation for reintroduction into the wild through Projeto Centrofauna/Botucatu-SP. There is a lack of physiological data on this species, endemic to the region of Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica), now under threat of extinction. This lack of information makes the clinical evaluation of these birds very difficult and has a direct and adverse effect on any of these birds received for medical treatment in hospitals, veterinary clinics and centers for research and conservation, as well as in reintroduction centers.(AU)

O presente artigo reporta dados inéditos de análise hemogasométrica, hematológica e bacteriológica de quatro fêmeas de Mutum do Sudeste, resgatadas do tráfico ilegal de animais silvestres e em processo de habilitação e reintrodução para vida-livre pelo Projeto Centrofauna, Botucatu/SP. Na literatura há uma falta de dados fisiológicos sobre esta espécie, endêmica da região da Mata Atlântica e ameaçada de extinção. Esta falta de informação faz com que avaliações clínicas nesta espécie aviária sejam muito difíceis de interpretar, causando um efeito direto e negativo nestas aves para a realização de tratamento médico em hospitais, clínicas veterinárias, centros de pesquisa e/ou conservação, bem como centros de reintrodução.(AU)

Maintenance of brazilian biodiversity by germplasm bank / Manutenção da biodiversidade brasileira através de bancos de germoplasma

Currently the importance of using alternative strategies for biodiversity conservation is emphasized and since the establishment of germplasm bank is an alternative to the conservation of endangered species. This is a technique of great importance for the maintenance of Brazilian fauna. Since the early70'sthere was a growing concern about the need to preserve essential genetic resources for food and agriculture, mainly for conservation of genetic material from farm animals. Thus was created the Brasilia Zoo, in July 2010, the first Germplasm Bank of Wild Animals in Latin America, as an alternative strategy for the conservation of threatened or endangered species, using both gametes and somatic cells and stem cells. Then we argue to create new banks or research networks among different regions with aimed to tissue preservation.

Atualmente, a importância do uso de estratégias alternativas para a preservação da biodiversidade é ressaltada e, visto que a criação de bancos de germoplasma é uma alternativa para a conservação de espécies ameaçadas, esta é uma técnica de suma importância para a manutenção da fauna brasileira. Desde o começo da década de 70 houve uma crescente preocupação sobre a necessidade de se preservar recursos genéticos essenciais para alimentação e agricultura, voltados principalmente, para a conservação de material genético de animais de produção. Deste modo, foi criado pelo Jardim Zoológico de Brasília, em julho de 2010, o primeiro Banco de Germoplasma de Animais Selvagens da América Latina, como uma estratégia alternativa para a conservação de espécies ameaçadas ou em perigo de extinção, utilizando tanto gametas como células somáticas e células-tronco. Com isto ponderamos na criação de novos bancos ou redes de pesquisa inter-regionais que foquem nesta preservação tecidual.

Maintenance of Brazilian Biodiversity by germplasm bank / Manutenção da Biodiversidade Brasileira através de bancos de germoplasma

Currently the importance of using alternative strategies for biodiversity conservation is emphasized and since the establishment of germplasm bank is an alternative to the conservation of endangered species. This is a technique of great importance for the maintenance of Brazilian fauna. Since the early70'sthere was a growing concern about the need to preserve essential genetic resources for food and agriculture, mainly for conservation of genetic material from farm animals. Thus was created the Brasilia Zoo, in July 2010, the first Germplasm Bank of Wild Animals in Latin America, as an alternative strategy for the conservation of threatened or endangered species, using both gametes and somatic cells and stem cells. Then we argue to create new banks or research networks among different regions with aimed to tissue preservation.(AU)

Atualmente, a importância do uso de estratégias alternativas para a preservação da biodiversidade é ressaltada e, visto que a criação de bancos de germoplasma é uma alternativa para a conservação de espécies ameaçadas, esta é uma técnica de suma importância para a manutenção da fauna brasileira. Desde o começo da década de 70 houve uma crescente preocupação sobre a necessidade de se preservar recursos genéticos essenciais para alimentação e agricultura, voltados principalmente, para a conservação de material genético de animais de produção. Deste modo, foi criado pelo Jardim Zoológico de Brasília, em julho de 2010, o primeiro Banco de Germoplasma de Animais Selvagens da América Latina, como uma estratégia alternativa para a conservação de espécies ameaçadas ou em perigo de extinção, utilizando tanto gametas como células somáticas e células-tronco. Com isto ponderamos na criação de novos bancos ou redes de pesquisa inter-regionais que foquem nesta preservação tecidual.(AU)