Efeito antigunfico de extratos alcoólicos de propolis sobre patôgenos da videira / Antifungal effect of porpolis alcoholic extracts on grapevine pathogens

Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a fungitoxicidade in vitro de extratos alcoólicos de própolis (EAP) sobre a germinação de esporos de Phakopsora euvitis e Pseudocercospora vitis e também sobre o crescimento micelial e esporulação de esporos de Elsinoe ampelina. Para o ensaio de inibição de germinação o EAP foi utilizado nas concentrações de 0,025; 0,05; 0,1; 0,2; 0,25 e 0,5%. Como testemunhas utilizaram-se água destilada, etanol 0,35% e fungicida azoxystrobin. No ensaio de crescimento micelial e esporulação foram utilizadas as concentrações de 0,05; 0,1; 0,2; 0,4; 0,5 e 1,0% de EAP. As testemunhas foram o meio de cultura batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA), BDA + 0,7% de etanol e o fungicida azoxystrobin. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o EAP possui baixa atividade antifúngica in vitro contra P. euvitis, P. vitis e E. ampelina, para as concentrações testadas.

The objective of this work was to verify the in vitro effect of alcoholic extracts of propolis (AEP) on the germination of spores of Phakopsora euvitis and Pseudocercospora vitis, and also on the mycelial growth and sporulation of Elsinoe ampelina. For the germination assay the AEP was used at concentrations of 0.025; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.25 and 0.5%. Distilled water, ethanol at 0.35% and the fungicide azoxystrobin were used as control treatments. For mycelial growth and sporulation the concentrations 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.5 and 1.0% of AEP were used. The control treatments were potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium, PDA + 0.7% ethanol and the fungicide azoxystrobin. The results showed that AEP has a low in vitro antifungal activity against P. euvitis, P. vitis and E. ampelina, for the tested concentrations

Efeito antigunfico de extratos alcoólicos de propolis sobre patôgenos da videira / Antifungal effect of porpolis alcoholic extracts on grapevine pathogens

Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a fungitoxicidade in vitro de extratos alcoólicos de própolis (EAP) sobre a germinação de esporos de Phakopsora euvitis e Pseudocercospora vitis e também sobre o crescimento micelial e esporulação de esporos de Elsinoe ampelina. Para o ensaio de inibição de germinação o EAP foi utilizado nas concentrações de 0,025; 0,05; 0,1; 0,2; 0,25 e 0,5%. Como testemunhas utilizaram-se água destilada, etanol 0,35% e fungicida azoxystrobin. No ensaio de crescimento micelial e esporulação foram utilizadas as concentrações de 0,05; 0,1; 0,2; 0,4; 0,5 e 1,0% de EAP. As testemunhas foram o meio de cultura batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA), BDA + 0,7% de etanol e o fungicida azoxystrobin. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o EAP possui baixa atividade antifúngica in vitro contra P. euvitis, P. vitis e E. ampelina, para as concentrações testadas.(AU)

The objective of this work was to verify the in vitro effect of alcoholic extracts of propolis (AEP) on the germination of spores of Phakopsora euvitis and Pseudocercospora vitis, and also on the mycelial growth and sporulation of Elsinoe ampelina. For the germination assay the AEP was used at concentrations of 0.025; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.25 and 0.5%. Distilled water, ethanol at 0.35% and the fungicide azoxystrobin were used as control treatments. For mycelial growth and sporulation the concentrations 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.5 and 1.0% of AEP were used. The control treatments were potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium, PDA + 0.7% ethanol and the fungicide azoxystrobin. The results showed that AEP has a low in vitro antifungal activity against P. euvitis, P. vitis and E. ampelina, for the tested concentrations(AU)

Gill infection of Leporinus macrocephalus Garavello & Britski, 1988 (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae) by Henneguya leporinicola n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae). Description, histopathology and treatment.

Piauçus (Leporinus macrocephalus), were raised in 300 m2 ponds (density of 10 fish/m2) presenting asphyxia signals and daily mortality of 27 fishes. Specimens with 8-cm total body length, were collected for necropsy. Mucus of body surface and pieces of organs were collected and examined microscopically, in wet mounts, stained or in histological sections. The smears examination showed the presence of several spores in the secondary lamellae of the gill filaments, identified as Henneguya leporinicola n.sp (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae). Histopathological study showed epithelial hyperplasia and fulfilling of the spaces between the secondary lamellae, congestion and telangiectasia sinusoidal. It was also observed hyperplasia of the goblet cells and several cysts of parasite with 70.3 microns diameter. Such cysts were situated among the secondary lamellae, covered or not by the hyperplasic epithelium. With this diagnostic, three applications of formalin solution 10 ml/m3 were carried out. Fifteen days after that, fish were examined again to ascertain whether the treatment was efficient on disease caused by the protozoa. The tissue alterations present in the gills after the treatment were just a moderate sinusoidal congestion and a slight epithelial hyperplasia on the base of the secondary lamellae.

Phalacrocorax olivaceus un huevo vector mecánico de henneguya sp en ecosistemas acuáticos del sur de Chile / Phalacrocorax olivaceus a new mechanical vector of henneguya sp in aquatic echosystems from the south of Chile

This is the first report of henneguya sp, a myxozoan parasite of fishes, in faeces of phalacrocorax olivaceus, a piscivorous bird, from Valdivia river, Chile. Phalacrocorax olivaceus would be a mechanical vector of henneguya sp an contributes to diseminate the infection in fishes