ABSTRACT
El montelukast se utiliza ampliamente en el tratamiento de sibilancias recurrentes y/o asma. Están descritas numerosas reacciones adversas medicamentosas (RAM) en niños relacionadas con montelukast; se destacan las neuropsiquiátricas. Realizamos un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, descriptivo, sobre RAM relacionadas con montelukast. Entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2017, en la Unidad de Neumonología Pediátrica se trataron con Montelukast 348 pacientes; de ellos, 20 presentaron RAM. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron insomnio (n = 7), hiperactividad (n = 4), pesadillas (n = 3), dolor abdominal (n = 2) y parestesias en extremidades (n = 2). Se presentaron desde días hasta meses tras iniciar el tratamiento, y desaparecieron tras su suspensión. Se destacan dos pacientes con parestesias en extremidades, síntoma no descrito antes en niños. El 5,7 % de los pacientes tratados con montelukast presentaron RAM que requirieron suspender el tratamiento. Los trastornos del sueño fueron los más frecuentes.
Montelukast is widely used in recurrent wheezing and/or asthma treatment. Several adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have been described in children related to montelukast. Neuropsychiatric reactions are one of the most important. We designed an observational, retrospective, descriptive study on ADRs related to montelukast in the Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. Between January 2012 and December 2017, in the Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, 348 patients were treated with Montelukast; of them, 20 presented RAM. The main symptoms described were insomnia (n = 7), hyperactivity (n = 4), nightmares (n = 3), abdominal pain (n = 2) and paraesthesia in extremities (n = 2). They appeared from the first days to months after the start of treatment and disappeared after stopping it. Two patients presented limb paresthesia, not described previously in children. The 5.7 % of our patients treated with montelukast had ADRs that required treatment discontinuation. Sleep disorders were the most frequent.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Quinolines/adverse effects , Sulfides/adverse effects , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/adverse effects , Leukotriene Antagonists/adverse effects , Cyclopropanes/adverse effects , Acetates/adverse effects , Asthma/drug therapy , Sleep Wake Disorders/chemically induced , Retrospective StudiesSubject(s)
Bipolar Disorder/chemically induced , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Mood Disorders/chemically induced , Piperazines/adverse effects , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/adverse effects , Sulfides/adverse effects , Adult , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy , Drug Synergism , Humans , Male , Mood Disorders/drug therapy , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Trazodone/adverse effects , VortioxetineSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Piperazines/adverse effects , Sulfides/adverse effects , Bipolar Disorder/chemically induced , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/adverse effects , Mood Disorders/chemically induced , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Trazodone/adverse effects , Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Mood Disorders/drug therapy , Drug Synergism , VortioxetineABSTRACT
The nanotoxicity of Cd-containing quantum dots (QDs) for biomedical applications is very controversial and not completely understood. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of surface-biofunctionalized CdS QDs with chitosan directly synthesized via aqueous route at room temperature. These core-shell CdS-chitosan nanoconjugates showed different degrees of cytotoxic responses using MTT cell proliferation assay toward three human cell cultures, human osteosarcoma cell line (SAOS), non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma (Toledo), and human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293T), under three exposure times (1, 3, and 5days) and three colloidal concentrations (10nM, 50nM, and 100nM). The results clearly demonstrated that the CdS QDs, regardless to the fact that they were coated with a biocompatible aminopolysaccharide shell, induced a severe dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell viability. In addition, the HEK293T and SAOS cell lines showed much more sensitive response compared to Toledo, which indicated that the cytotoxicity was also cell-type dependent. The exceptional resistance of Toledo cells to toxic effects of CdS nanoconjugates even at severe test conditions was assigned to specific role of B-lineage cells of the immune defense system. Remarkably, no conclusive evidence of toxicity of CdS nanoconjugates was observed in vivo using intravenous injections of CdS nanoconjugates in BALB/c mouse animal models for 30days, but localized fluorescence was detected in ex-vivo liver tissue samples. Therefore, these results prove that there is no guarantee of "risk-free" use of CdS nanoconjugates for in vivo applications, even when functionalized with biopolymer ligands, as they can pose an excessive threat due to unpredicted and uncorrelated responses under in vitro and in vivo biological assays with highly toxic cadmium ions.
Subject(s)
Cadmium Compounds , Chitosan , Quantum Dots/chemistry , Sulfides , Animals , Cadmium Compounds/adverse effects , Cadmium Compounds/chemistry , Cadmium Compounds/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Chitosan/adverse effects , Chitosan/chemistry , Chitosan/pharmacology , HEK293 Cells , Humans , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Sulfides/adverse effects , Sulfides/chemistry , Sulfides/pharmacologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The treatment of atrophic scars is difficult and dermal filler materials provide a simple alternative with immediate results. Esthélis® is an injectable non-animal crosslinked hyaluronic acid of Swiss origin characterized by a polydense cohesive matrix (CPM®) which produces a gel of uniform consistency with better biointegration to the tissues and a longer duration. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Esthélis in the treatment of atrophic scars. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients aged 18-56 years with facial atrophic scars caused by acne vulgaris, dog bite, piercing, basal cell carcinoma and leishmaniasis were treated with Esthélis. The injection technique was linear threading, serial puncture or a combination of both. Clinical efficacy was assessed independently by the authors and by patients immediately, one week and one month after the injection. Adverse events were registered. RESULTS: Authors described the results as moderate (27%), good (57%) and excellent (17%), immediately, one week and one month after the injection. Patients evaluated the cosmetic improvement as good (42%) or excellent (58%) one month after the treatment. Pain during the injection was described as slight or moderate. Only mild erythema was observed immediately after injection, which spontaneously resolved within few hours. CONCLUSION: Esthélis showed good or excellent results in most patients with atrophic scars, and these were perceived as even better when patients evaluated the cosmetic improvement. The best results were observed in patients with more deforming scars such as surgical scars or trauma.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Basal Cell/drug therapy , Chlorobenzenes/therapeutic use , Cicatrix/drug therapy , Drug Delivery Systems , Face , Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use , Sulfides/therapeutic use , Acne Vulgaris/complications , Acne Vulgaris/pathology , Adult , Atrophy , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Chlorobenzenes/adverse effects , Cicatrix/pathology , Cicatrix/surgery , Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects , Excipients , Humans , Hyaluronic Acid/adverse effects , Injections , Middle Aged , Punctures , Sulfides/adverse effects , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
É apresentado uma revisão sobre as principais característicastoxicológicas do sulfeto de carbono. Baseando-se nestas informações é estabelecida a conduta mais adequada para a monitorização biológica da exposição ocupacional a este agente tóxico. Contasta-se que a avaliação do ácido 2 - tiotiazolidina - 4 carboxílico (TTCA) na urina é o biomarcador mais adequado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carboxylic Acids/analysis , Carbon/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure , Sulfides/adverse effects , BiomarkersABSTRACT
Foram desenvolvidos ensaios de campo visando estudar a oxidaçäo de sulfetos no reservatório de Pirapora, na Bacia do Alto Tietê. Durante o período de estiagem de 1984 os níveis de sulfeto no reservatório eram sempre superiores a 10mg/1, chegando a atingir 24mg/1. Para oxidaçäo dos sulfetos foram utilizados oxigênio do ar e oxigênio puro, em testes distintos, observando-se que era possível a remoçäo de sulfetos em cerca de 85% com um tempo de reaçäo entre 90 e 120 minutos. A liberaçäo de sulfeto para a atmosfera foi inferior a 1% do sulfeto removido, o que em muitos casos pode causar sérios incovenientes. A oxidaçäo de sulfetos, tanto com ar como com oxigênio puro se deu em três etapas, todas elas obedecendo a cinética de primeira ordem, tendo sido as suas constantes determinadas. O trabalho descreve os ensaios desenvolvidos, apresenta e discute os resultados obtidos, bem como as conclusöes a que se chegaram