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1.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 50(supl.1): Pub. 837, 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1401708

ABSTRACT

Background: Disorders of the locomotor system are among the main treatments for this species, among the main causes are falls from a cage, arms or stairs and aggression by animals, such as dogs and cats. Biological osteosynthesis promotes early formation of secondary bone callus and allows a less accurate reconstruction of difficult interfragmentary apposition of 100% of the fragments. The objective of this work is to report the method of external immobilization with an aluminum channel aiming at the use of bone biology for the healing of unexposed tibial fractures in 3 rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cases: Between 2020 and 2021, 3 cases of rabbits with unexposed tibial fractures were treated at the Veterinary Hospital. The 3 patients were diagnosed through physical examination and radiographic examination. All patients underwent anesthesia, underwent external immobilization with an aluminum channel, received analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, and recommended rest and care with the maintenance of external immobilization. Approximately at 30 days of rigid immobilization, all cases were evaluated by means of radiographic examination revealing the formation of bone callus at different post-immobilization times in the case 1 - 30 days, case 2 - 23 days and case 3 - 37 days. Discussion: Some surgical principles in rabbits must be followed, such as preserving vascularity if the open technique is decided, providing adequate diet, controlling edema, promoting analgesia and deciding on closed reduction if the fracture is recent and stable. The external coaptation method is a non-invasive method for the treatment of fractures and is also indicated with a high success rate for fractures of metacarpal, metatarsal and phalange bones in rabbits. The patient's age contributed to the early healing, which corroborates with case 1 (3-month-old), case 2 (6-month-old) and a little later the healing in case 3 (24-month-old), allowing unrestricted use of the member. It is worth reinforcing the point of view which defends that "biological osteosynthesis" promotes a favorable environment, especially in the preservation of the vascular supply of the periosteum when compared to traditional open surgical approaches. In this species, the surgical approach is a challenge due to the fact that the bones break or crack very easily, because the bones have a low density and higher mineral composition. Together, the skeleton represents 7% of the body weight, lower when compared to dogs and cats, which is 12%. In addition to these factors, rabbits are prone to secondary fractures, postoperative infections and rapid development of osteomyelitis, which significantly worsens the prognosis. The aluminum used in the manufacture of the aluminum channel has properties that offer resistance, lightness and radio transparency radiographic examination without removal of the channel, avoiding excessive micro-movement of the focus of the fracture due to lack of stabilization and possible refracture of the tibia. Rigid external immobilization with an aluminum channel was satisfactory in the 3 patients evaluated and preserved bone biology and anatomical axis. The treatment of choice was easy to apply, in addition to enabling better radiographic follow-up, promoting rapid bone healing for patients and early use of limbs without restrictions. However, for the effectiveness of the technique, the collaboration of tutors is essential.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Tibial Fractures/veterinary , Fracture Healing , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods
2.
Rev. chil. ortop. traumatol ; 62(1): 39-45, mar. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342670

ABSTRACT

Los fragmentos posterolaterales (FPLs) en fracturas de platillo tibial son frecuentes, pero difíciles de reducir y estabilizar. Actualmente existe controversia sobre cómo deben ser abordados; si bien un abordaje anterolateral es más seguro, este puede ser insuficiente para lograr una correcta reducción. Los abordajes posterolaterales y posteriores ofrecen una visión directa y permiten una fijación con ventaja biomecánica; sin embargo, son más demandantes y exponen al paciente a una mayor morbilidad. A continuación, se presenta una nota técnica sobre la reducción y fijación de FPLs con una placa rim por medio de un abordaje anterolateral extendido a través del espacio paraligamento colateral lateral.


Posterolateral fragments (PLFs) are commonly seen in tibial plateau fractures, but their reduction and fixation are challenging. There is no consensus about the ideal approach to fix this particular fragment. Even though an anterolateral approach is a safe option, it may impair a correct reduction. The posterolateral and posterior approaches offer direct visualization of the fragment, and enable a fixation with a biomechanical advantage; however, they are more demanding and expose the patient to a higher risk if morbidity. The following technical note describes the reduction and fixation of PLFs with a rim plate through an extended anterolateral approach using the paralateral collateral ligament space.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Bone Plates , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Collateral Ligaments , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation
3.
J Knee Surg ; 30(6): 509-513, 2017 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27685766

ABSTRACT

High-energy fractures of the proximal tibia with extensive fragmentation of the posterior rim of the tibial plateau are challenging. This technique aims to describe a method on how to embrace the posterior rim of the tibial plateau by placing a horizontal precontoured one-third tubular plate wrapped around its corners. This method, which we named "hoop plating," is mainly indicated for cases of crushed juxta-articular rim fractures, aiming to restore cortical containment of the tibial plateau. Through a lateral approach with a fibular head osteotomy (Lobenhoffer approach), both anterolateral and posterolateral fragments are directly reduced and supported by a one-third tubular plate of adequate length. The plate is inserted from lateral to medial deep to all soft tissues, and its position is checked with fluoroscopy. The implant sits exactly on the posterior cortex of the tibial plateau and provides containment for the reduced juxta-articular posterior cortex and rim. We begin with immediate range of motion. Toe-touch weight-bearing with crutches is allowed with the operated knee in full extension. Weight-bearing is gradually increased only after 6 weeks as bone healing is taking place. Clinical follow-up is performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 weeks. If the radiological exam confirms that the fracture is healed, the patient is allowed to proceed to muscle strengthening and bear weight entirely. The "hoop plating" may be a good option for the management in cases of extensive posterior tibial plateau articular surface fracture and impaction with rim and posterior cortical wall fragmentation.


Subject(s)
Bone Plates , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Fibula/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Humans , Intra-Articular Fractures , Osteotomy/methods , Range of Motion, Articular , Tibia/surgery , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Weight-Bearing
4.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 44(supl): 01-04, 2016. ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1457558

ABSTRACT

Background: The Brazilian fox (Pseudalopex vetulus, Lund 1842) is a naturally endemic specie of the Brazilian savanna vegetation. Due to the rapid destruction of its habitat, the specie is considered vulnerable and subject to different kinds of trauma that usually results in fractures and dislocations. Among the methods of fractures fixation, highlights the external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin tie-in which consists of the intramedullary pin associated to the external fixator. The aim of the present report was to describe the case of a Brazilian fox with a comminuted tibial fracture, submitted to osteosynthesis using an external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin tie-in. Case: It was attended an exemplar of Pseudalopex vetulus, male, young adult, with 3.9 kg body weight and history of functional impotence of the left hindlimb. At the physical and orthopedic evaluations were observed loss of bone continuity and crepitus in tibial region, and the presence of a contaminated lacerating skin wound about 3 cm in diameter in the lateral side of the injured limb. Craniocaudal and mediolateral radiographic projections of the left hindlimb revealed the presence of a complete comminuted fracture at the proximal and distal shaft of the left tibia; and a complete transverse fracture at mid shaft of the left fibula. Due to this, the animal was submitted to fracture fixation [...]


Subject(s)
Animals , External Fixators/veterinary , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/veterinary , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Tibial Fractures/veterinary , Foxes/surgery , Animals, Wild/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal/veterinary , Bone Nails/veterinary
5.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 44(supl): 01-04, 2016. ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-483733

ABSTRACT

Background: The Brazilian fox (Pseudalopex vetulus, Lund 1842) is a naturally endemic specie of the Brazilian savanna vegetation. Due to the rapid destruction of its habitat, the specie is considered vulnerable and subject to different kinds of trauma that usually results in fractures and dislocations. Among the methods of fractures fixation, highlights the external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin tie-in which consists of the intramedullary pin associated to the external fixator. The aim of the present report was to describe the case of a Brazilian fox with a comminuted tibial fracture, submitted to osteosynthesis using an external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin tie-in. Case: It was attended an exemplar of Pseudalopex vetulus, male, young adult, with 3.9 kg body weight and history of functional impotence of the left hindlimb. At the physical and orthopedic evaluations were observed loss of bone continuity and crepitus in tibial region, and the presence of a contaminated lacerating skin wound about 3 cm in diameter in the lateral side of the injured limb. Craniocaudal and mediolateral radiographic projections of the left hindlimb revealed the presence of a complete comminuted fracture at the proximal and distal shaft of the left tibia; and a complete transverse fracture at mid shaft of the left fibula. Due to this, the animal was submitted to fracture fixation [...](AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Foxes/surgery , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Tibial Fractures/veterinary , External Fixators/veterinary , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/veterinary , Bone Nails/veterinary , Fracture Fixation, Internal/veterinary , Animals, Wild/surgery
6.
Genet Mol Res ; 13(3): 5361-8, 2014 Jul 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25078592

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to compare the effects and indications of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) and limited open reduction (LOR) for managing distal tibial shaft fractures. A total of 79 cases of distal tibial shaft fractures were treated surgically in our trauma center. The 79 fracture cases were classified into type A, B, and C (C1) according to the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) classification, with 28, 32, and 19 cases, respectively. Among the 79 fracture cases, 52 were closed fractures and 27 were open fractures (GUSTILO, I-II). After adequate preparation, 48 cases were treated with LOR and 31 cases were treated with MIPO. All cases were followed up for 12 to 18 months, with an average of 16.4 months. During the follow-up period, 76 fracture cases were healed in the first stage, whereas the 3 cases that developed non-union were treated by changing the fixation device and autografting. For types A, B, and some of C simple fractures (C1), LOR accelerated the fracture healing and lowered the non-union rate. One case suffered from regional soft tissue infection, which was controlled by wound dressing and intravenous antibiotics. Another case that developed local skin necrosis underwent local flap transplant. LOR promoted bone healing and lowered the non-union rate of several simple-distal tibial shaft fractures. Thereafter, the incidence of soft tissue complication was not significantly increased. However, for complex and comminuted fractures, MIPO was the preferred method for correcting bone alignment and protecting soft tissue, leading to functional recovery.


Subject(s)
Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Fracture Healing/physiology , Tibia/surgery , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Bone Plates , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Recovery of Function , Tibia/injuries , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation
7.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;21(1): 18-22, jan.-fev. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-670851

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Averiguar os possíveis efeitos do ultrassom de baixa intensidade, utilizado em tratamentos fisioterapêuticos de rotina, em fratura induzida em tíbia de ratos. Métodos: Foram utilizados 20 ratos machos Wistar , distribuídos em 2 grupos, com 10 animais, cada. No grupo ultrassom (GUS), os animais sofreram fratura óssea e tratamento com ultrassom terapêutico (UST) a 1,0 MHz e intensidade de 0,2 W/cm2, no modo pulsado a 20%, aplicado de forma estacionária, por 10 minutos, na região da fratura, durante cinco semanas. O grupo controle (GC) sofreu fratura óssea e não foi tratado com UST. Resultados: Nas radiografias, observou-se melhor consolidação no GUS em relação ao GC. Já na análise de fosfatase alcalina (FALC) e cálcio sérico (CS), não se evidenciou efeito estatisticamente significativo. Conclusão: De acordo com o presente estudo, o UST aplicado conforme esses parâmetros promoveu aceleração da consolidação, comprovada por radiografia, entretanto a análise bioquímica não foi conclusiva. Um dos motivos para essa divergência pode ter sido alguma inadequação do protocolo bioquímico, atualmente em investigação. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo prospectivo comparativo.


Objective: To analyze the possible effects of low-intensity ultrasound on induced tibia fracture of rats in a dose commonly used in physical therapy treatments. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups with 10 animals each. In the ultrasound group (USG), the animals were submitted to bone fracture and treatment with therapeutic ultrasound (TUS). Ultrasonic parameters are: frequency of 1.0 MHz, intensity of 0.2 W/cm2, pulsed mode at 20%, applied in stationary form during 10 minutes on the fracture region, for five weeks. The control group (CG) was submitted to bone fracture but not treated with ultrasound. Results: The radiographies showed better consolidation in USG compared to CG. The statistical tests for alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium did not show significant difference between groups. Conclusion: According to this study, TUS, applied with these parameters (not commonly used for bone therapy) accelerates bone healing, confirmed by radiography, yet the biochemical analysis was not conclusive. One reason for this inconsistency may have been some inadequacy of the biochemical protocol,currently under investigation. Level of Evidence II, Prospective comparative study.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Fracture Healing , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Physical Therapy Specialty , Ultrasonic Therapy , Anesthesia , Biochemical Phenomena , Control Groups , Radiography , Rats, Wistar , Data Interpretation, Statistical
8.
J Bone Joint Surg Br ; 94(4): 544-8, 2012 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22434473

ABSTRACT

There is no absolute method of evaluating healing of a fracture of the tibial shaft. In this study we sought to validate a new clinical method based on the systematic observation of gait, first by assessing the degree of agreement between three independent observers regarding the gait score for a given patient, and secondly by determining how such a score might predict healing of a fracture. We used a method of evaluating gait to assess 33 patients (29 men and four women, with a mean age of 29 years (15 to 62)) who had sustained an isolated fracture of the tibial shaft and had been treated with a locked intramedullary nail. There were 15 closed and 18 open fractures (three Gustilo and Anderson grade I, seven grade II, seven grade IIIA and one grade IIIB). Assessment was carried out three and six months post-operatively using videos taken with a digital camera. Gait was graded on a scale ranging from 1 (extreme difficulty) to 4 (normal gait). Bivariate analysis included analysis of variance to determine whether the gait score statistically correlated with previously validated and standardised scores of clinical status and radiological evidence of union. An association was found between the pattern of gait and all the other variables. Improvement in gait was associated with the absence of pain on weight-bearing, reduced tenderness over the fracture, a higher Radiographic Union Scale in Tibial Fractures score, and improved functional status, measured using the Brazilian version of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire (all p < 0.001). Although further study is needed, the analysis of gait in this way may prove to be a useful clinical tool.


Subject(s)
Disability Evaluation , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/rehabilitation , Fracture Healing/physiology , Gait , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Observer Variation , Recovery of Function , Tibial Fractures/physiopathology , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Treatment Outcome , Video Recording , Young Adult
9.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2011. 85 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-657367

ABSTRACT

O propósito do presente trabalho foi investigar a participação da proliferação celular e da expressão dos componentes da matriz extracelular na cascata de eventos do processo de reparo da fratura óssea, empregando as técnicas histológica, imunohistoquímica e morfométrica, em um modelo experimental padronizado para a indução da lesão na tíbia de ratos a partir do método empregado por Yuehuei e Friedman. É importante padronizar um modelo de indução da fratura, para posterior investigação da participação das células e dos componentes da matriz extracelular no processo de reparo da fratura, considerando que o tempo de consolidação depende significantemente da natureza e do tipo da lesão produzida. Quarenta (n=40) ratos Wistar foram submetidos a fratura. Os animais foram avaliados em oito (n=8) grupos de cinco (n=5) animais, cada grupo experimental com 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 144, 192 e 240 horas após a fratura (12h até 10 dias). As fraturas foram classificadas de acordo com o sistema de classificação internacional de fratura de Muller, AO (Associação para Osteosíntese). Foram encontradas fraturas simples em 86% do total, sendo 68% de fraturas transversas e 18% de fraturas obliquas, 14% do total de fraturas foram complexas, sendo 8% de fraturas irregulares e 6% de fraturas segmentares. Esses resultados demonstram que o aparelho permite padronizar radiológicamente o tipo de fratura, caracterizado pela linha que separa os fragmentos ósseos. Os resultados qualitativos dos componentes da matriz extracelular para TGF-B, VEGF, colágeno I e II, osteopontina, proteoglicanos, fibras do sistema elástico com a coloração de resorcina funcsina de Weigert, e para proliferação celular pelo PCNA, assim como os resultados morfométricos, surgerem que a modulação da expressão dos componentes da matriz extracelular e a proliferação celular durante o processo de reparo da fratura não é homogênea para todos os componentes teciduais, dependendo significantemente das tensões locais geradas...


The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cells proliferation and extracellular matrix components expression in the process of bone fracture repair. To do so it used histological techniques, immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis as well as a standardized experimental model for the induction of injury to the tibia of rats as proposed by Yuehuei and Friedman. It is important to standardize a model of fracture induction for further investigation of the involvement of cells and extracellular matrix components in the fracture repair process, whereas the healing time depends significantly on the nature and type of lesion produced. Forty (n=40) Wistar rats were subjected to fracture. The animals were divided into eight (n=8) groups of five (n=5). Each subgroup was observed after 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 144, 192 and 240 hours of fracture (12 to 10 days). Immediately afterwards, the fractures were classified according to the system of international classification of fracture by Muller, AO (Association for Osteosynthesis). Simple fractures were found in 86% of the total, among them, 68% were transverse and 18% were oblique. Complex fractures were found in 14% of the cases, among them 8% were irregular and 6% were segmental. These results demonstrated that the device enables researchers to standardize the type of fracture by X-ray, marked by the line separating the bone fragments. The qualitative results of the cells and extracellular matrix components of TGF-B, VEGF, PCNA, collagen I and II, osteopontin, proteoglycans, elastic fibers system with resorcin funcsin of Weigert, as well as the morphometric results suggest that the repair process of the fracture is not homogeneous for all components. Expression of the extracellular matrix components and cell proliferation modulation significantly depends on the local stresses generated by the type of the fracture. Such type can be decisive in determining time duration for bone regeneration...


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Rats , Fracture Healing/physiology , Extracellular Matrix , Fractures, Bone/rehabilitation , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Cell Proliferation , Biomechanical Phenomena , Disease Models, Animal , Rats, Wistar , Bone Regeneration/physiology
10.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;18(4): 224-229, 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-554652

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da integridade da cortical lateral osteo-tomia alta de tíbia (OAT) com cunha de abertura. MÉTODOS: Modelos experimentais artificiais em poliuretano foram fixados com placa DCP® 4,5mm. Cunhas de abertura foram confeccionadas para simular a distração da osteotomia alta da tíbia. Realizadas falhas na cortical lateral para simular fraturas e fixadas com diferentes tipos de parafusos. Ensaios de torção e compressão axial foram realizados. 04 diferentes grupos foram constituídos. RESULTADOS: As medidas de torção registradas no grupo com cortical íntegra foram superiores àquelas obtidas no grupo com cortical rompida (p<0,001) e estatisticamente equivalentes aos grupos com cortical rompida associado à parafuso de estabilização lateral de compressão ou de posição (p>0,05). As medidas de compressão obtidas no grupo com cortical íntegra foram superiores aos demais grupos (p<0,001). Em torção e compressão não houve diferença estatística entre os tipos de parafuso de estabilização lateral (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A cortical lateral íntegra agrega estabilidade às osteotomias com cunha de abertura medial. Modelo com cortical íntegra evidenciou superioridade biomecânica em rigidez nos ensaios de torção e compressão. Nos ensaios torcionais, os modelos com falha de continuidade cortical com parafusos de estabilização lateral de compressão ou de posição apresentaram equivalência aos modelos com cortical íntegra.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of lateral tibial cortex integrity in open wedge tibial osteotomy (OWTO). METHODS: Experimental models of polyurethane fibers, simulating tibial models and modified with open wedge osteotomies were fixed with DCP® straight 4.5 mm plates. Four groups were constituted: two with cortical integrity and two with a gap in the lateral tibial cortex. Biomechanical analysis of torsion and axial compression were performed. RESULTS: The measures of twist recorded in the group with cortical integrity were higher than those obtained in the group with noncontinuous cortices (p <0.001). The groups with cortical gap on the lateral side that were fixed with screws had a biomechanical behavior comparable to the group with cortical integrity. Measures of compression obtained in the group with full cortical integrity were greater than those of other groups (p <0.001). In torsion and compression, no statistical difference between lag and position screws on the lateral cortical was demonstrated (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Integrity of lateral tibial cortex adds stability to open wedge tibial osteotomies. Models with lateral cortical integrity demonstrated superiority in biomechanical stiffness even under torsion or compression. In torsion tests, models with a gap on the lateral cortex, fixed with a lag or position screw to promote lateral stabilization had similar biomechanical behavior to those with lateral cortex integrity.


Subject(s)
Bone Plates , Bone Screws , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Osteotomy/rehabilitation , Polyurethanes , Tibial Fractures , Biomechanical Phenomena , Tibial Fractures
11.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;18(1): 44-48, 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545324

ABSTRACT

As fraturas da diáfise da tíbia nas crianças e adolescentes são lesões relativamente comuns e geralmente têm boa evolução com os métodos clássicos de tratamento conservador. Sua elevada frequência se deve ao alto grau de exposição da criança nas suas atividades físicas e também pela anatomia e topografia da tíbia, expondo-a ao trauma direto ou indireto. Algumas particularidades devem ser consideradas e respeitadas na sua abordagem, que compreendem aspectos atinentes à faixa etária, local de acometimento (se proximal ou distal), tipo de fratura e de terapêutica instituída. A vantagem anatômica do periósteo mais espesso e a relativa flexibilidade na acomodação de impactos angulares podem proporcionar na criança de menor idade, maior estabilidade e consequente tendência ao melhor prognóstico. Nas crianças maiores e nos adolescentes o grau de exposição a traumas de maior energia, a maior gravidade e complexidade das lesões têm tornado mais comum a estabilização cirúrgica. Complicações encontradas nessas fraturas nos adultos como infecção, retarde de consolidação e pseudartrose são muito menos frequentes nas crianças, mas o risco de instalação de síndromes compartimentais é uma eventualidade que requer atenção, principalmente nas condutas incruentas com imobilizações gessadas.


Tibial diaphyseal fractures in children and adolescents are relatively common injuries and often evolve with good results when treated through traditional methods of conservative treatment. Their elevated frequency is due to the high degree of exposure of children in physical activities and also to the topographic location, exposing them to direct or indirect trauma. The approach used should consider and respect some features regarding age, place of affection (whether proximal or distal), type of fracture and therapy. The anatomical advantage of a thicker periosteum and flexibility when submitted to angular impacts can provide younger children with greater stability and, consequently, increases their chances of a better prognosis than older children and adolescents. In the latter, the degree of exposure to high-energy trauma and the greater complexity and severity of injuries have caused the recent trend towards stabilization surgery to become more common. Frequent complications in the evolution of fractures in adults such as infection, delayed union and non-union are much less common in children, although the risk of occurrence of compartment syndrome is an event that requires attention, especially with plaster.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Tibial Fractures/complications , Tibial Fractures/epidemiology , Tibial Fractures , Tibial Fractures/therapy , Tibia/anatomy & histology , Brazil , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
12.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;17(4): 211-214, 2009. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-525649

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da fratura na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. MÉTODO: Os pacientes foram submetidos a um protocolo de dados clínicos e epidemiológicos, a uma avaliação específica para fraturas da tíbia, o método de Johner e Wruhs, cujo dados foram analisados por um questionário genérico para avaliação da qualidade de vida, o SF-36, o qual foi aplicado pelos autores, com um mínimo de seis meses de pós-operatório. Estes instrumentos foram também estratificados com relação ao retorno ou não dos pacientes a todas as atividades que realizavam antes do acidente. RESULTADOS: Observou-se uma diminuição dos valores de avaliação do questionário SF-36 demonstrada estatisticamente (p<0,05) tanto pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney, entre os itens do SF-36 e retorno ou não às atividades prévias, como com relação ao resultado do SF36 estratificado para a avaliação clínica (Johner e Wruhs), por meio do teste de Kruskal-Wallis. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os critérios estabelecidos, e com base nos resultados obtidos, a fratura da tíbia, mesmo com uma boa evolução clínica, promoveu uma piora na qualidade de vida dos pacientes analisados.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of tibial fractures on patient's quality of life. METHOD: All patients were evaluated by means of a protocol of clinical and epidemiological data. The Johner and Wruhs method was employed to evaluate tibial fractures and the results were compared to those of the SF-36 Health Survey, which was applied by the authors from the sixth month postoperatively. Those methods were applied considering the return of the patients or not to all the activities they used to perform before the accident. RESULTS: We found a statistical significance (p<0.05) showed by Mann- Whitney's U-test between the component of SF-36, and return or not to previous activities. Regarding the results of SF36 and clinical evaluation (Johner and Wruhs), on the Kruskal-Wallis' test, we also found significant correlation. CONCLUSION: According to the established criteria and based on the results, tibial fractures, even with favorable clinical outcomes, result in a diminished quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary , Fractures, Bone , Tibial Fractures/etiology , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Epidemiologic Methods , Hospitals, Public , Clinical Protocols/standards , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards
13.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;16(5): 287-290, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-498110

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: avaliar o desvio rotacional pós-operatório das fraturas diafisárias da tíbia de pacientes tratadas com haste intramedular bloqueada não-fresada e placa em ponte, utilizando a tomografia computadorizada. MÉTODOS: foram tratados 113 pacientes com fraturas diafisárias da tíbia, sendo que em 42 fraturas os autores utilizaram haste intramedular bloqueada e em 71 foram utilizadas placa em ponte. O método tomográfico utilizado ara se obter as medidas da rotação tibial. Foi empregada a classificação AO das fraturas; à exposição: fechadas e expostas e a percentagem de desvios em rotação interna e externa. RESULTADOS: foi demonstrado não haver diferença significativa de rotação tibial nos seguintes parâmetros analisados: localização, rotação interna ou externa e nos tipos A e B da classificação AO. Porém, nas fraturas do tipo C e nas fraturas expostas, a haste intramedular bloqueada apresentou diferença rotacional significativamente menor (p = 0,028) e (p = 0,05), quando comparada à placa em ponte. CONCLUSÃO: independente da localização das fraturas diafisárias da tíbia, os desvios rotacionais estão relacionados à energia do trauma, apresentando uma maior dificuldade de controle com a técnica placa em ponte.


OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the postoperative rotational deviation of diaphyseal tibial fractures in patients treated with non-reamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing and bridge plate, using computerized tomography for measurement. METHOD: one hundred and thirteen patients with diaphyseal tibial fractures were treated; 42 fractures were treated with non-reamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing, and 71 fractures were treated with bridge plate. Tibial rotation measurements were obtained by using the CT scan. All of the fractures were classified by the AO scale, by their presentation (closed and open) and the percentage of deviation on internal and external rotation. RESULTS: no significant difference in tibial rotation was found as a function of fracture location, internal or external rotation, and types A or B of fractures. However, in the case of type C fractures and open fractures, the treatment with non-reamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing resulted in a much smaller rotation in comparison to the treatment with bridge plate (p = 0.028 and p = 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: rotational deviations, regardless of the location of the diaphyseal tibial fractures, are associated to the trauma energy, thus presenting a greater challenge to control it by using the bridge plate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Plates , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methods , Tibial Fractures/epidemiology , Tibial Fractures/physiopathology , Orthopedic Fixation Devices , Tibia , Knee Joint/physiopathology , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
14.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;16(3): 168-172, 2008. graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-492805

ABSTRACT

As fraturas articulares são consideradas graves e ocasionam incapacidade, principalmente quando atingem uma articulação de carga, como o joelho. É necessário tratamento imediato a fim de obter estabilização dos fragmentos, evitando complicações secundárias. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a capacidade funcional, durante as atividades de vida diária, de indivíduos que sofreram fraturas do planalto tibial e foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico entre os anos de 2002 a 2005. Foram analisados 20 pacientes com a aplicação do questionário ADLS (Activities of Daily Living Scale). Concluímos que 85 por cento dos indivíduos apresentaram capacidade funcional próximo ao normal, de acordo com a pontuação estabelecida pela escala utilizada.


Joint fractures are regarded as serious, causing disability, especially when involving a load joint, as the knee. Early treatment is required in order to get stabilization of fragments, preventing the occurrence of secondary complications. The present study was aimed at assessing functional capacity during daily life activities, on individuals who experienced tibial plateau fractures and submitted to surgical treatment between the years 2002 to 2005. Twenty patients were assessed by using the ADLS questionnaire (Activities of Daily Living Scale). We concluded that 85 percent of the individuals presented close-to-normal functional capacity, according to the scale's scoring system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Activities of Daily Living , Knee Joint/surgery , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Severity of Illness Index , Knee Injuries/physiopathology , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
Arq. ciênc. vet. zool. UNIPAR ; 8(2): 111-115, jul.-dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-7768

ABSTRACT

Este estudo avaliou a eficiência do fixador esquelético externo, tipo I, para o tratamento de fratura de tibiotarso em oito galinhas adultas da raça Plymouth Rock Branca. As aves foram pré-anestesiadas com sulfato de morfina e anestesiadas com halotano. Em seguida, foi realizada fratura na diáfise do tibiotarso esquerdo, por meio de serra oscilatória. Quatro pinos de Kirschner foram inseridos por meio das corticais ósseas, dois proximalmente e dois distalmente do foco da fratura. Após a redução da fratura, os pinos foram conectados externamente por meio de uma barra de acrílico autopolimerizável, na face lateral externa do membro. O retorno da capacidade de utilização do membro foi observado em 24,00 + ou - 16,42 dias, e a cicatrização óssea ocorreu em 40,37 + ou - 11,80 dias. Em três aves (37,5%) observou-se deslocamento dos pinos, o que levou a claudicação persistente até o final do experimento, no 60º dia de pós-operatório. Os resultados do experimento demonstraram que redução aberta e aplicação de fixador esquelético externo, tipo I, não é um método totalmente efetivo para o tratamento de fraturas de tibiotarso em galinhas da raça Plymouth Rock Branca e não deve ser indicado, pois pode promover migração dos pinos e desestabilização da fratura.(AU)


This study evaluated the effi ciency of the type I external skeletal fi xer for the treatment of tibiotarsus fracture in eight adult White Plymouth Rock chickens. The birds were pre-anesthetized with morphine sulfate and anesthetized with halothane, and submitted to a diaphisary fracture in the left tibiotarsus, performed with an oscillatory saw. Four Kirschner wires were inserted through the bone cortices, being two proximally and two distally to the fracture. After the fracture reduction the wires were externally connected by a bar of auto polymerizing acrylic resin, in the external lateral face of the member. The return to the capacity to use the member was observed in 24.00 ± 16.42 days, and the bone healing occurred in 40.37 ± 11.80 days. In three individuals (37.5%) there was observed wire displacement, leading to lameness which persisted until the end of the research, 60 days after the surgery. The results of this study showed that open reduction and the use of type I external skeletal fi xer is not a totally effective method for the treatment of tibiotarsus fractures in White Plymouth Rock chickens, causing dislocation of the wires and disestablishment of the fracture.(AU)


En este estudio se evaluó la efi cacia del fi jador esquelético externo tipo I para el tratamiento de fractura de tibiotarso en ocho gallinas adultas de la raza Plymouth Rock Blanca. Las aves fueron preanestesiadas con sulfato de morfi na y anestesiadas con halotano, y sometidas a una fractura diafi sária en el tibiotarso izquierdo, con una sierra oscilatoria. Se insertaron cuatro pinos de Kirschner a través de las corticales del hueso, siendo dos en posición proximal y dos en posición distal a la fractura. Después de la reducción de la fractura los pinos fueron conectados externamente por una pieza de resina acrílica de auto polimerización, en la parte lateral externa del miembro. Se observó retorno de la capacidad de uso del miembro en 24,00 ± 16,42 días, y cicatrización del hueso en 40,37 ± 11,80 días. En tres individuos (37,5%) se observó desplazamiento de los pinos, llevando a claudicación que persistió hasta el fi nal de la investigación, 60 días después de la cirugía. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que reducción abierta y uso de fi jador esquelético externo tipo I no es un método totalmente efi caz para el tratamiento de fracturas de tibiotarso en gallinas de la raza Plymouth Rock Blanca, causando dislocación de los pinos y desestabilización de la fractura.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , External Fixators/veterinary , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Raptors , Animals, Wild
16.
Arq. ciênc. vet. zool. UNIPAR ; 8(2): 111-115, jul.-dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-444811

ABSTRACT

Este estudo avaliou a eficiência do fixador esquelético externo, tipo I, para o tratamento de fratura de tibiotarso em oito galinhas adultas da raça Plymouth Rock Branca. As aves foram pré-anestesiadas com sulfato de morfina e anestesiadas com halotano. Em seguida, foi realizada fratura na diáfise do tibiotarso esquerdo, por meio de serra oscilatória. Quatro pinos de Kirschner foram inseridos por meio das corticais ósseas, dois proximalmente e dois distalmente do foco da fratura. Após a redução da fratura, os pinos foram conectados externamente por meio de uma barra de acrílico autopolimerizável, na face lateral externa do membro. O retorno da capacidade de utilização do membro foi observado em 24,00 + ou - 16,42 dias, e a cicatrização óssea ocorreu em 40,37 + ou - 11,80 dias. Em três aves (37,5%) observou-se deslocamento dos pinos, o que levou a claudicação persistente até o final do experimento, no 60º dia de pós-operatório. Os resultados do experimento demonstraram que redução aberta e aplicação de fixador esquelético externo, tipo I, não é um método totalmente efetivo para o tratamento de fraturas de tibiotarso em galinhas da raça Plymouth Rock Branca e não deve ser indicado, pois pode promover migração dos pinos e desestabilização da fratura.


ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effi ciency of the type I external skeletal fi xer for the treatment of tibiotarsus fracture in eight adult White Plymouth Rock chickens. The birds were pre-anesthetized with morphine sulfate and anesthetized with halothane, and submitted to a diaphisary fracture in the left tibiotarsus, performed with an oscillatory saw. Four Kirschner wires were inserted through the bone cortices, being two proximally and two distally to the fracture. After the fracture reduction the wires were externally connected by a bar of auto polymerizing acrylic resin, in the external lateral face of the member. The return to the capacity to use the member was observed in 24.00 ± 16.42 days, and the bone healing occurred in 40.37 ± 11.80 days. In three individuals (37.5%) there was observed wire displacement, leading to lameness which persisted until the end of the research, 60 days after the surgery. The results of this study showed that open reduction and the use of type I external skeletal fi xer is not a totally effective method for the treatment of tibiotarsus fractures in White Plymouth Rock chickens, causing dislocation of the wires and disestablishment of the fracture


RESUMEN: En este estudio se evaluó la efi cacia del fi jador esquelético externo tipo I para el tratamiento de fractura de tibiotarso en ocho gallinas adultas de la raza Plymouth Rock Blanca. Las aves fueron preanestesiadas con sulfato de morfi na y anestesiadas con halotano, y sometidas a una fractura diafi sária en el tibiotarso izquierdo, con una sierra oscilatoria. Se insertaron cuatro pinos de Kirschner a través de las corticales del hueso, siendo dos en posición proximal y dos en posición distal a la fractura. Después de la reducción de la fractura los pinos fueron conectados externamente por una pieza de resina acrílica de auto polimerización, en la parte lateral externa del miembro. Se observó retorno de la capacidad de uso del miembro en 24,00 ± 16,42 días, y cicatrización del hueso en 40,37 ± 11,80 días. En tres individuos (37,5%) se observó desplazamiento de los pinos, llevando a claudicación que persistió hasta el fi nal de la investigación, 60 días después de la cirugía. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que reducción abierta y uso de fi jador esquelético externo tipo I no es un método totalmente efi caz para el tratamiento de fracturas de tibiotarso en gallinas de la raza Plymouth Rock Blanca, causando dislocación de los pinos y desestabilización de la fractura


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Wild , Raptors , External Fixators/veterinary , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation
17.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;13(1): 13-16, 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-400821

ABSTRACT

Foi realizado estudo experimental em ratos para avaliar o efeito do anticoagulante na consolidação óssea, conforme critérios clínicos, anatomopatológicos e biomecânicos. Manualmente, após perfuração do osso, foi produzida fratura aberta, na diáfise da tíbia direita, mantida sem imobilização, em 72 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, com 60 dias de idade e peso médio de 242 gramas. Doze horas após a fratura, foi iniciado tratamento anticoagulante, mantido por 28 dias. Via subcutânea, um grupo recebeu heparina sódica na dose de 200UI/Kg de 12 em 12 horas, enquanto outro, recebeu enoxaparina na dose de 1mg/Kg de 12 em 12 horas, doses preconizadas para tratamento do tromboembolismo em humanos. O terceiro grupo, controle, recebeu água destilada. Durante o experimento, os animais foram avaliados clinicamente e após 28 dias, sacrificados. Nos animais dos três grupos, a evolução clínica foi semelhante. Mediante análise anatomopatológica efetuada por estudo descritivo e quantitativo, foi observada presença de fibrose, cartilagem e osso igualmente nos três grupos, sempre com predomínio de tecido ósseo. O estudo biomecânico, realizado por intermédio de ensaios de flexão, demonstrou coeficiente de rigidez e carga máxima semelhantes nos três grupos. Nenhuma diferença clínica, anatomopatológica e biomecânica foi encontrada, resultando todas as fraturas em consolidação de acordo com os critérios adotados, concluindo-se, portanto, que a heparina sódica e a enoxaparina nas doses, via e tempo de administração utilizados não interfiriram na consolidação da fratura da tíbia do rato.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Fracture Healing , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/pharmacology , Heparin/pharmacology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Drug Evaluation , Rats, Wistar
18.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;13(5): 229-232, 2005. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420411

ABSTRACT

Este estudo transversal foi realizado durante o 36º Congresso Brasileiro de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, para identificar a opinião do ortopedista brasileiro a respeito das preferências de tratamento das fraturas expostas da tíbia nos adultos. Foram respondidos 507 questionários, sendo que os resultados demonstram consenso em relação aos seguintes aspectos: classificação, 78,5 por cento utilizam a de Gustilo-Anderson; indicação de tratamento cirúrgico, 76,3 por cento preferem operar todos as fraturas; pressão de irrigação e produto utilizado, 80,3 por cento utilizam irrigação manual e 85,4 por cento solução salina; método de estabilização da fratura, fixador externo foi apontado em 52,1 por cento das fraturas expostas tipo II, 74,4 por cento nas IIIA, 88,6 por cento nas IIIB e 89 por cento nas IIIC; e indicação de fechamento primário, escolhido em 74,2 por cento nas tipo I. Não houve consenso em relação ao tempo para cobertura de partes moles e tempo de uso de antibióticos. Os principais aspectos que discordaram da literatura foram: método de estabilização, tempo de uso de antibióticos e indicações de fechamento primário.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fractures, Open , Fractures, Open/surgery , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Physicians , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fractures, Open/drug therapy , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Surveys and Questionnaires , Data Interpretation, Statistical
19.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 13(2): 152-9, mar.-abr. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-254726

ABSTRACT

Se trataron 21 pacientes portadores de pseudoartrosis tibial con falla ósea, con el método de Ilizarov, 17 del sexo masculino y 4 del femenino, con promedio de 25.4 años de edad (4 a 47 años). El momento de evaluación después del retiro del fijador fue de 38.5 meses (3 a 78 meses). El tratamiento se basó en la técnica de transporte óseo de tibia para la recuperación de la pérdida ósea, siendo bifocal en 20 pacientes y trifocal en un paciente. Fue necesaria la revisión quirúrgica en el sitio de la pseudoartrosis en 7 pacientes, para el retiro del tejido interpuesto y reavivar los extremos óseos de los fragmentos. El tratamiento inicial consistió en la resección amplia del tejido necrótico óseo, en el sitio de la pseudoartrosis, y después de resuelto el proceso infeccioso se hizo corticotomía metafisaria subperióstatica para el transporte óseo. El promedio obtenido de transporte óseo era de 6.93 cm (2.0 a 18.0 cm). El tiempo promedio de transporte óseo era de 11.0 semanas (2 a 30 semanas). Se observaron complicaciones en 2 casos de refractura después del retiro del fijador externo circular, un caso de osteomielitis crónica en el trayecto de un clavo de Schanz que necesitó abordaje quirúrgico; limitación de la movilidad del tobillo en 2 casos y de la rodilla en 2 casos. Dos casos necesitaron artrodesis del tobillo, porque la falla ósea comprometió la articulación. El promedio de acortamiento residual fue de 1.85 cm (0.0 a 12.0 cm), siendo 15 pacientes con menos de 2.0 cm. Sólo en un paciente se colocó yeso ambulatorio durante 3 meses después del retiro del fijador. Se observó desviación del eje en tres pacientes, sin daño funcional, uno con valgo menor de 10 grados y antecurvatum menor de 5 grados y otro con antecurvatum de 15 grados. Veinte pacientes retornaron a sus actividades anteriores, excepto un paciente alconhólico. Los reusltados clínico-funcionales fueron excelentes en 10, buenos en 9 y malos en 2. Radiológicamente los resultados fueron 11 excelentes, 8 buenos y 2 malos. Podríamos considerar resultados excelentes y buenos en 90.47 por ciento de los casos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Tibial Fractures/complications , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Tibial Fractures/therapy , External Fixators/classification , External Fixators , Joints/anatomy & histology , Joints/physiopathology , Surgical Flaps
20.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 12(3): 210-3, mayo-jun. 1998.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-248295

ABSTRACT

Los autores proceden al estudio retrospectivo de 50 fracturas abiertas de tibia tratadas mediante fijación externa utilizando el modelo monotubo de Cañadell. El seguimiento mínimo fue de 6 meses evaluando al paciente a su llegada con la clasificación de Gustilo: 90 varones y 30 mujeres con edad mínima de 15 y máxima de 73 años. El grupo entre 20 y 30 años fue el más frecuente. Tomamos en cuenta la etilogía, lesiones asociadas, lado afectado y su localización en la tibia. Se tomo en cuenta el resultado radiológico inmediato y fueron pocos los casos que requirieron reajuste del fijador. El fijador se mantuvo de 120 a 380 días (211 media) y el tiempo promedio de consolidación fue de 8 meses. El resultado radiológico final fue correcto en 31 casos con valguización en 9 y con antecurvatum en 9. Acortamiento mayor de 4 cm en 4 casos y sólo un caso de acortamiento severo (5 cm)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Tibial Fractures/rehabilitation , Tibial Fractures/therapy , External Fixators , Fractures, Open/diagnosis , Fractures, Open/therapy , Retrospective Studies
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