Effects of neuromuscular taping form I on wound temperature and erythema in diabetic foot ulcer: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of neuromuscular taping (NMT) form I (a polyacrylate tape 0.6cm wide and 30cm long) on wound temperature and erythema in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) as an initial study in NMT intervention trials. METHOD: The study employed a quasi-experimental pretest and post-test design with a seven-day observation. The research sample was 38 patients with DFU grades 2 and 3. The sample was divided into two groups: the control group (n=19) and the intervention group (n=19). In wound care, the modern dressing was applied to both groups while NMT was applied to the intervention group in form I with 30cm long and 6mm wide strips, and on the proximal, distal and lateral sides. The wound bed temperature was measured with a non-contact infrared thermometer, and erythema was measured with Corel Photo-Paint X5 software (Corel Corp, Canada). Statistical analysis between the two groups was carried out using the Mann-Whitney test, independent t-test and Chi-squared test with p< 0.05 representing statistical significance. RESULTS: The preliminary results revealed that no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were noted between the groups in sociodemographic or clinical characteristics, including age, body mass index, blood sugar, duration of diabetes, sex, smoking history, wound temperature and degree of erythema. Finally, it was also observed that, after seven days of application, NMT form I increased wound bed temperature, and reduced the level of erythema (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, NMT form I has been shown to increase the wound bed temperature and reduce the degree of erythema in DFUs.

Relationships Among Self-Esteem, Bullying, and Cyberbullying in Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

The current systematic review explored relationships among self-esteem, bullying, and cyberbullying in adolescents. Three databases were used to search for articles pertaining to mental health, health care, and the social sciences. Keywords, including "bully," "victim," "victimization," "harassment," "aggression," and "abuse," were used to describe victims of cyberbullying and locate relevant articles. A total of 861 articles were found during the initial search, 110 were assessed for eligibility, and 10 ultimately met inclusion criteria. Most studies found correlations among self-esteem, bullying, and cyberbullying. Self-esteem was linked to being a victim of cyberbullying but not to being a perpetrator of cyberbullying or bullying in general. Students with high self-esteem at the beginning of the school year were more likely to become bullies as they got older, whereas those with low self-esteem were less likely to do so. In addition, self-esteem was found to have direct negative effects on victimization and cybervictimization, and victimization and cybervictimization were found to have direct negative effects on peer difficulties. Findings suggest that adolescent bullying and cyberbullying perpetration may be mitigated by higher levels of self-esteem. Parents should pay close attention to and limit adolescents' exposure to bullying and cyberbullying and stressful life events. Psychiatric nurses should routinely screen adolescents and develop interventions to enhance self-esteem and reduce bullying and cyberbullying. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

The Effect of the Application of the Team-STEPPS-Based Preceptorship Guidance Model on the Competence of Nursing Students.

Objective: Student competence is an important topic of discussion during the implementation of counseling in the clinic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the Team-STEPPS-based preceptorship guidance model on student competency. Methods: A comparative study was used to analyze the quantitative data. Participants were clinical practice students at "Ngudi Waluyo" Public Hospital with a total of 92 registered students divided into treatment and control groups. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann-Whitney U-Test were used to assess differences between the intervention and control groups. Results: There were post-test differences between the intervention group and the control group, namely clinical competence p-value (0.003), nursing management p (0.000), technical competence p (0.008), self-management p (0.000), and care-oriented patients p (0.000). Conclusion: The Team-STEPPS-based preceptorship guidance model is very important in increasing student competency, not only in mastering clinical competence, but also in mastering technical skill competencies, nursing management, self-management, and patient-oriented care skills, and therefore, can increase student independence.

Knowledge Management-Based Nursing Care Educational Training: A Key Strategy to Improve Healthcare Associated Infection Prevention Behavior.

INTRODUCTION: Knowledge management-based nursing care has a positive effect in preventing healthcare associated infections (HAIs). Therefore, nursing professionals can utilize key strategies of knowledge management to support clinical decision making, reorganize nursing actions, and maximize patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge management-based nursing care educational training on HAI prevention behavior at the High Care Unit (HCU) of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. METHODS: A quasiexperimental design with a pretest, educational training intervention, and posttest were conducted on 15 nurses in the HCU of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, which lasted for 16 days. Furthermore, observation of nursing care documentation, nurses' handwashing compliance, and presence of infection-causing bacteria in the HCU staff and environment (hands rub handle, medical record, and patient's bed) was carried out pre (day 1-7) and post training (day 10-16). Subsequently, educational training related to knowledge management-based nursing care was conducted for 2 days (day 8-9) by the Doktor Mengabdi Team of Universitas Brawijaya. RESULTS: The knowledge level and completeness of the nursing care documentation in the HCU room significantly increased after the training (p < .05). Also, compliance to the six steps five moments of nurses' handwashing increased after the training (p > .05). Infection-causing bacteria were found in the HCU environment and staff before and after the training involving Pseudomonas stutzeri, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pasteurella pneumotropica, and Acinetobacter lwoffii. Therefore, increased knowledge of HCU nurses and complete documentation (r = .890; p = .054), increased knowledge of HCU nurses and handwashing compliance (r = .770; p = .086), and handwashing compliance and bacterial presence (r = .816; p = .084) all had a positive correlation. CONCLUSION: Knowledge management-based nursing care educational training increased infection prevention behavior in the HCU of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang.

Adapting to People With Schizophrenia: A Phenomenological Study on a Rural Society in Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: The growing prevalence of schizophrenia in Indonesia requires the consideration of the families, caregivers, health care professionals, and the entire society, to serve as a support and coping resource for the patients. The process of recovery is rather difficult, especially in the absence of a decent place to live. Hence, there is the need to provide a supportive environment that facilitates recuperation from psychotic symptoms, enhances interaction with others, promotes self-expression of thoughts and feelings, and helps deal with daily stress and challenges. There are currently no studies on the framework of societal adaptation for people with schizophrenia (PWS). The aim of this research, therefore, was to explore the experiences of rural society inhabitants in adapting to PWS in Indonesia. METHODS: The study uses a qualitative research design and implements an interpretive phenomenological approach. A total of ten society members were recruited from the community by purposive sampling, and the in-depth interviews conducted were audio-recorded and transcribed. In addition, thematic analysis was carried out using the interpretive phenomenological analysis method. RESULTS: The majority of the participants assumed that PWS prompt the feeling of alertness over fear. In addition, the participants revealed a feeling of indecisiveness in related situations and emphasized the value of keeping up traditional beliefs and practices and the effectiveness of a demonstration of indifference. They explained the need to combine traditional and modern health practices as recommended by the spiritual leaders. CONCLUSION: Societal adaptation to PWS entails the understanding of how to deal with the disease's uncertainty and complexity. It is important to create a supportive environment to promote mental health and wellbeing.

Nurses' team communication in hospitals: A quasi-experimental study using a modified TeamSTEPPS.

BACKGROUND: Communication is a bridge of transaction between the health team, patients, and families that applies in the service units of hospitals, which are closely related to the patient safety culture. TeamSTEPPS is a team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of modified TeamSTEPPS training on the team communication of nurses in hospitals. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study used a quasi-experimental pre-posttest control group design and a purposive sampling technique. RESULTS: About 28 nurses participated and were distributed into control and intervention groups. The results of the Wilcoxon test on communication perception obtained a p-value greater than α (0.980>0.050), while on communication attitudes the p-value was greater than α (0.517>0.050). Furthermore, the spearman rho test showed that there was no difference between the team perception (p=0.624; α=0.050) and communication attitudes (p = 0.320; α = 0.050). This means that the implementation of this training towards nurses' Team communication in the hospital did not have a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitals need to carry out the implementation of TeamSTEPPS in a sustainable manner and develop good teamwork and effective team communication.

Exploring the relationship between nurses' communication satisfaction and patient safety culture.

BACKGROUND: Patient safety culture is associated with the values, attitudes, competencies and behaviors that support the safe conduct of individual or group activities in hospitals and other health organizations. Safety culture is influenced by various factors, one of which is communication, which plays a significant role in health services. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between nurse communication satisfaction and the quality of patient safety culture in hospitals.  Design and Methods: This is a cross-sectional design with the proportional random sampling method used to data from 51 nurses, which was analyzed using the Spearman rank test. The majority of the nurses were female, between 20 - 30 years old, with 1-5 years working experience. RESULTS: The results showed a significant relationship between nurse communication satisfaction and the quality of patient safety culture. Furthermore, the higher the nurses' level of communication satisfaction, the better the applied quality of patient safety culture (r = 0.338). CONCLUSIONS: Nurse communication satisfaction affects the provision of effective health care, with the ability to create good cooperative relationships and foster trust between professions in order to improve the quality of service delivery and patient safety.

A belief-based parenting behavior model for promoting family's ability to care for children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in Indonesia.

Background: Family's ability to care for children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a central indicator in preventing the children from worse nutritional disorders. Environmental factor, child factor, caregiving behavioral systems, and beliefs can improve the family's ability to care for children. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of environmental factor, child factor, caregiving behavioral systems, and beliefs on the family's ability to care for children with ARFID. Design and Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out on 245 families with children suffering from ARFID in Malang Regency, in the working area of the Health Office of Malang Regency. The population of this research was families with children suffering from ARFID within the working area of the Health Office of Malang Regency. The research sample size was computed using the rule of thumb in structural equation modeling (SEM), the sample size used was 245. Results: Results showed that the family's ability to care for children with ARFID was highly influenced by the caregiver's belief (t = 21.796; ß = 0.713). Caregiver's belief became a dominant factor in the promotion of the family's ability to care for children with ARFID. A caregiver's belief was influenced by his/her behavior. Conclusions: It was concluded that the caregiver's belief serves as a primary factor in the promotion of the family's ability to care for children with ARFID. A caregiver's behavior holds a prominent role in influencing his/her belief in providing care for children suffering from ARFID.

The impact of social capital, demographic factors, and coping strategies on community adaptation in supporting people with severe mental illness.

Background: People with severe mental illness have the ability to live a satisfactory and independent life with the help of the community. Their adaptation to life's challenges is a dynamic process, and the community plays an important role. This research, therefore, aims to address the question of how social capital, demographic factors, and coping strategies affect the community's ability to adapt to people with severe mental illness. Design and methods: The multi-stage random sampling was used to obtain data from 137 respondents from rural society using an analytic observational design and cross-sectional approach. In addition, the Somers' D test was used to measure the effect of social capital, demographic factors, and coping strategies on community adaptation. Results: The results showed a significant effect of social capital, demographic factors, and the coping strategy of community adaptation (P<0.05). Based on empirical research, access to social capital is critical in fostering community adaptation through its social participation, network, trust, coping strategies, and cooperation. Conclusions: In conclusion, social capital, demographic factors, and coping strategies are significant factors in developing community adaptation of people with severe mental illness.

Relationship of Benzene Concentration, ECR Benzene, Malondialdehyde, Glutathione, and DNA Degeneration in Shoe Industrial Workers in Osowilangun, Indonesia.

In the shoes industry, benzene constitute as one of the source of chemical hazard especially used in the gluing section. This compound is metabolized by the liver, forming free radicals in the body which can ultimately reduce the concentration of glutathione and increased malondialdehyde causing DNA degeneration. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between benzene concentration, excess cancer risk (ECR), malondialdehyde, glutathione, and DNA degeneration among workers in shoes industry in Osowilangun, Surabaya. This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The number of research samples was 25 respondents. The average concentration of benzene in workers was above the threshold (10.31 ppm). There were 15 (60%) respondents with ECR >0.0001 who experienced DNA degeneration. There was no relationship between benzene concentration, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and DNA degeneration. However, there was a relationship between benzene ECR, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and DNA degeneration in the shoe industry workers in Osowilangun.

Factors influencing promotive behaviours in mothers of Indonesian children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify predictors of promotive behaviours in mothers of Indonesian children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was administered to 245 mothers who were caring for children with ARFID. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. For descriptive data analysis, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and multiple linear regression were employed. RESULTS: The factors related to promotive behaviours in these mothers were embodied in mutual parenting, especially in terms of childcare (p = 0.001 < 0.05) and interaction with children (p = 0.001 < 0.05. Additionally, multiple linear regression showed that mutual parenting remained at the communication domain, with children as the primary predictor (ß 0.401, p 0.001), where the number of children (ß -0.201, p = 0.008) influenced the promotive behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that the number of children and mutual parenting in interacting with children were key factors that influenced promotive behaviours in mothers of children with ARFID. We suggest that nursing interventions can potentially improve promotive behaviours in this population.

Requirement Prediction for Toluene Detox with Foods Intake Rich in CYP2E1 Enzyme and Glycine to Prevent Nerve and Kidney Damage at Shoe Home Industry Workers in Romokalisari Surabaya.

BACKGROUND: Toluene was an organic compound used in chemical and drug industries, the main source of toluene emissions from fires. To reduce and even eliminate toluene toxins in chemical component could be using detoxification by foods. AIM: This research aimed to calculate the intake of foods rich in CYP2E1 enzyme and glycine to improve toluene detoxification. METHODS: The type of research was a descriptive study. The subject of the study was 51 workers in Romokalisari Surabaya who had worked for more than or equal to 10 years. Variables were body weight, duration of working (years), working time per week (days), and working time per day (hours). The breathing rate, intake of non-carcinogen per respondent, can be calculated by variables before. Then, the effective dose of food rich in CYP2E1 enzyme and glycine will be obtained. RESULTS: Majority respondents had toluene concentrations below the threshold limit value (TLV). The highest effective dose of foods rich in CYP2E1 enzymes such as beef liver, beef brain, and salmon was 239.61 g, 745.45 g, and 203.3 g. Also, foods rich in glycines such as seaweed, tuna, and spinach were 432.98 mg, 934.41 mg, and 2070.71 mg. CONCLUSION: The level of adequacy of the CYP2E1 enzyme and glycine of each person was different and varied. The effective dose required by each respondent depending on weight, length of work, and concentration of benzene in the workplace. The greater the toluene concentration, the greater the needs for foods rich in CYP2E1 enzymes and glycine. Body weight can also be another factor in differences in individual intake. Weight, length of working, and toluene concentration can affect the intake of non-carcinogen in each which can affect the effective dose of foods.

Association between Malondialdehyde and Glutathione (L-gamma-Glutamyl-Cysteinyl-Glycine/GSH) Levels on Workers Exposed to Benzene in Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Chemicals that enter the body, especially benzene, will undergo a detoxification process. Unfortunately, at the detoxification process, sometimes benzene can produce free radicals. Free radical oxidation of lipids produces MDA compounds (malondialdehyde). To overcome these free radicals, the body will adapt to produce Glutathione (GSH) enzymes. AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between benzene concentration, MDA levels and glutathione enzymes in Shoe-Maker Home Industry workers exposed to benzene for more than 10 years. METHODS: Measurement of benzene concentration using a gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). MDA levels used a modified spectrophotometric and GSH method of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test. RESULT: The results showed that the majority of respondents had benzene concentrations still below the TLV value, mean of MDA levels were 6.94 mg/ml, while GSH was 4.54 mg/ml. Benzene concentration did not have a significant correlation with MDA and glutathione levels, whereas MDA levels had a strong correlation with glutathione levels (p = 0.000; r = -0.947). CONCLUSION: Workers should always use PPE and always eat foods that contain lots of glutathione enzymes such as spinach or broccoli to reduce the impact of free radicals from benzene inhalation.

Determination of Highest Dose of Ammonia without Effect at Work Environment through the Expression of Interleukin-2 Cell in Rattus Novergicus.

BACKGROUND: For determining the threshold limit value firstly determined the highest dose of ammonia without effect (NOAEL). However, research on the determination of NOAEL ammonia didn't conduct in Indonesia. AIM: The aim of this study to determine the value of the highest dose of ammonia without effect (No Observed Adverse Effect Level/NOAEL) through interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression on white mice. METHODS: This study used experimental laboratory research with post-test only control group design using white mice as experimental subjects. The treatment group divided into 6 groups (a group of controls and five groups with different ammonia exposure through inhalation). The trend curve of Remmele Scale Index (IRS) and histopathologic analysis could be used for determining NOAEL. RESULT: The location of the highest dose of ammonia without any effect (NOAEL) of white mice was in the second group, with 0.0103 mg/kg body weight dose. Analysis of statistical tests Kruskal Wallis stated there was no significant difference in interleukin-2 expression between the control with ammonia exposed group with a significance of p (0.747) > α (0.05). CONCLUSION: There is no difference between some interleukin-2 expression in the lymphocyte cell lung white mice group exposed to ammonia and control group. The highest dose of ammonia without any effect (NOAEL) on white mice was 0.0103 mg/kg body weight.

Relationship of Benzene Exposure to Trans, Trans-Muconic Acid and Blood Profile of Shoe Workers in Romokalisari Surabaya, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Benzene is a hazardous ingredient for health. Benzene is used as a latex glue solvent in the shoe industry. AIM: The purpose of the study was to analyse the relationship between benzene exposure with trans, trans-muconic acid (t, t-MA) and the blood profile of shoe workers in Romokalisari Surabaya. METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional design conducted in the shoe industry in Romokalisari Surabaya with some subjects of 20 shoe workers. Data collection was carried out by measuring benzene levels conducted at 8 measurement points in Surabaya Romokalisari, taking workers' blood, measuring body weight and conducting interviews with respondents. Data were analysed using correlation tests. RESULTS: The results showed that there was no relationship between benzene levels with t, t-MA (p-value = 0.205), there was no relationship between benzene Risk Quotient (RQ) and t, t-MA (p-value = 0.271) and there was no relationship between the Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) and blood profile of workers in Romokalisari. However, there were some abnormal blood profile parameters due to exposure to benzene although it was small. CONCLUSIONS: It seems another factors such as length of work, nutritional status, duration of exposure, weight, and frequency of exposure have a considerable contribution in the determination of intake of xenobiotic ingredients in the body to cause health effects especially blood profiles.

The Cost Prediction for Chromium Detox Using Foods Intake Containing Glutathione at the Leather Tanning Industry in Magetan, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Chromium was an organic compound which was used in metal alloys such as stainless steel, chrome plating, metal ceramics, leather tanning, etc. To reduce and eliminate toxin of chromium from the human body could be using detoxification process, one of them was using foods. AIM: The aim was to calculate the foods intake contain glutathione to improve chromium detoxification and calculate the cost of foods intake. METHOD: The type of research was a descriptive study. The subjects were 10 workers. Inclusion criteria of subjects were workers who had worked for more than or equal to 10 years. Variables were body weight, duration of work, and chromium concentration. After getting all variables above, breathing rate and intake non-carcinogen per respondent can be calculated. Then, the effective dose of foods rich in glutathione and costs of foods will be obtained. RESULTS: The results of this research indicated that the highest cost of foods intake containing glutathione was 5948 idr of broccoli per week and the lowest cost of foods intake was 535 idr of avocado per week. CONCLUSION: Intake of foods containing glutathione (avocado, broccoli, carrot, tomato, and grape) was expected to increase detoxification of chromium. Each individual had a different amount of cost. This depends on the effective dose, chromium concentration, weight, and duration of work per respondent.