ABSTRACT
Introducción: Existe un gran desconocimiento acerca de la evolución del sistema inmune en la mucosa respiratoria del niño prematuro a largo plazo. La inmadurez y las infecciones respiratorias pueden influir sobre la respuesta inmune de las mucosas. El propósito de este estudio era evaluar la secreción respiratoria de los mediadores inmunológicos al año de vida en niños prematuros. Pacientes y métodos: Desde octubre de 2008 hasta abril de2009 se reclutaron 77 prematuros nacidos en 6 servicios de pediatría de Castilla y León, así como 14 controles sanos a término. Los prematuros fueron citados al año de edad gestacional corregida y los niños a término al año de vida, momento en el cual se les realizó un lavado nasal para determinar los niveles de 27 mediadores inmunológicos mediante un ensayo de Biorad®. Resultados: Los niños prematuros tenían niveles más elevados de quimiocinas (eotaxina, IP-10), citocinas Th-1 (IFN-epsilon), Th-2 (IL-13), Th-17 (IL-17) y factores de crecimiento celular (PDGF-bb, VEGF, FGF-b, G-CSF y GM-CSF) que los niños a término. Cuando se compararon los niveles de mediadores entre los niños que habían recibido profilaxis para el virus respiratorios incitial con palivizumab y los que no, los segundos tenían niveles significativamente más altos de MCP-1, IL-1RA, IL-10,IL-12p70 y VEGF (p <0,05) que los primeros. Conclusiones: Este trabajo demuestra por vez primera la influencia de la prematuridad sobre los perfiles de secreción respiratoria de las citocinas y quimiocinas a largo plazo. Por otra parte, nuestros resultados indican que la evaluación del impacto de la profilaxis de la infección respiratoria es un camino interesante para comprender la maduración de la respuesta inmune de la mucosa respiratoria del prematuro(AU)
Introduction: There is a big unawareness about a long term respiratory mucous immune system evolution in the preterm infant. Immaturity and respiratory infections can have a big influence on the mucous immune responses. This investigations purpose is the evaluation of respiratory secretion of inflammatory immunological mediators in the first year of a preterm infant. Patients and methods: Between October 2008 and April 2009, 77 preterm infants were born in 6 pediatric services of Castilla y Leon, plus to another 14 healthy controls results. Children were invited on their first corrected gestational age and the ones of healthy controls results. Nasal washing were applied to determine 27 immunological mediators levels by applying a Biorad test. Results: The preterm infants has higher chemokine (eotaxin,IP-10), cytokines Th-1 (IFN-epsilon), Th-2 (IL-13), Th-17 (IL-17) and cell growing factors (PDGF-bb, VEGF, FGF-b, G-CSF and GM-CSF)levels than a healthy control results children. When a comparison was made between children that received prophylaxis for their respiratory syncytial virus with palivizumab and the ones that did not receive it, the second group showed higher MCP-1, IL-1RA, IL-10, IL-12p70 and VEGF (p <0,05) levels. Conclusions: This work proves, for the first time, the influence of the premature birth on chemokine and cytokines respiratory secretion levels in a long term concepts. On other hand, our results indicate that prophylaxis impact in the respiratory infection is an interesting way to understand respiratory mucous immune response maturation in the preterm infant(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Infant, Premature/immunology , /prevention & control , Immunity, Mucosal/immunology , Cytokines/analysis , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/analysis , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/therapeutic useABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Heart rate (HR) was recorded in healthy full-term newborns aged 1-90 days. The aim of this study was to study the existence of circadian and/or ultradian rhythms in HR to determine maturity. HR was recorded during 24 h, at 30-min intervals, at different postnatal ages. Six-groups were investigated: day 1 (group 1); day 7 (group 7); day 15 (group 15); day 30 (group 30); day 60 (group 60), and day 90 (group 90). The chronograms for HR showed peaks and nadirs along the 24-hour periods, and the cosinor analysis proved the existence of 3-hour ultradian rhythm in groups 1, 7 and 30, and a 12-hour ultradian rhythm in group 90 (p < 0.01 in all cases). The same type of analysis confirmed the existence of a circadian rhythm in group 30. Similar results were obtained for groups 60 and 90 (p < 0.05). IN CONCLUSION: at birth, newborns have an endogenous ultradian period of 3 h. A circadian rhythm appears within 15-30 days of postnatal life.
Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Heart Rate , Periodicity , Circadian Rhythm , Humans , Infant , Infant, NewbornABSTRACT
Beta-methyl-digoxin concentrations in adipose, skeletal muscle and myocardial tissues, were studied in 8 patients undergoing by-pass surgery because of congenital heart disease. Correlation between doses/kg, plasmatic and tissue concentrations were analysed. We found statistically correlation between doses/kg and plasmatic concentrations; doses/kg and skeletal muscle concentrations (p less than 0.01); plasmatic and skeletal muscle concentrations (p less than 0.05). Concentrations was significantly greater in myocardial than adipose tissue before extracorporeal circulation (p less than 0.01); and significantly greater than adipose (p less than 0.01) and skeletal muscle (p less than 0.05) tissues after extracorporeal circulation. Extracorporeal circulation lessens adipose and skeletal muscle concentrations, but increases myocardial concentrations significantly (p less than 0.05). It is concluded, that the behaviour of beta-methyl-digoxin, in relation with tissue concentrations, is similar to digoxin.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/analysis , Digoxin/analogs & derivatives , Medigoxin/pharmacokinetics , Muscle, Smooth/analysis , Myocardium/analysis , Child , Extracorporeal Circulation , Female , Humans , Male , Medigoxin/blood , Postoperative Period , Time Factors , Tissue DistributionSubject(s)
Digoxin/analogs & derivatives , Digoxin/therapeutic use , Heart Defects, Congenital/drug therapy , Medigoxin/therapeutic use , Child, Preschool , Digoxin/administration & dosage , Digoxin/blood , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Medigoxin/administration & dosage , Medigoxin/bloodABSTRACT
Authors analyse the value of the Holter system for diagnosis and follow-up of cardiac dysrhythmias. They report their experience from 100 records performed to 87 patients, who were between one day and 14 years old. Among them, 58 were male and 42 female. The recorder and analyser were automatics holter II/Quickscan, and the program was 24 hours in all cases. For the study of results, patients were divided in five groups (34 dysrhythmias; 18 neurologic; 10 were normal control; 20 newborns between 1 and 7 days; and 17 in a miscellaneous group). They emphasized on the possibility of the system to be performed in pediatric patients, even in the youngest; on the worth of records from neurologic with normal clinical examinations; on diagnostic aspects of undetected dysrhythmias by ECG (30%), and to know the normal values from the control group. Tables and figures show rhythm types and quantitative values; finally they comment on artifacts and indications.
Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Electrocardiography , Adolescent , Age Factors , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Electrocardiography/instrumentation , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Nervous System Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
We report a male, prematurely born, affected by an Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis. He had very frequent infections in skin, ear, meninges, gastrointestinal and respiratory system. He died at 13 months during a varicella, and an immunological defect was suspected, but could not be proved. Our patient showed some remarkable peculiarities. He was premature, uncommon fact, and associated constant infections, undernutrition and fatal varicella. This case support the relationship between Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis and infection.