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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 75(5): 771-786, Sept.-Oct. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1513670

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the addition of different concentrations of IGF-I and insulin to egg yolk-based extender to improve bovine semen cryopreservation. Two experiments were developed to evaluate the effects of the additives in two commercial extenders, Botubov® (Experiment 1) and Triladyl® (Experiment 2), both with the same design. Three ejaculates from four bulls (n = 12) were used. Each ejaculate was divided into seven equal fractions for dilution (60x106 spermatozoa/mL) in the following treatments: CON: extender only; IGF100: IGF-I 100ng/mL; IGF200: IGF-I 200ng/mL; INS150: insulin 150µUI/mL; INS200: insulin 200µUI/mL; ASS1: IGF-I 100ng/mL + insulin 150µUI/mL; ASS2: IGF-I 200ng/mL + insulin 200µUI/mL. Semen was cryopreserved by an automated system. Post-thawed sperm were evaluated regarding motility by CASA (Computer-assisted sperm analysis), and membranes by fluorescent probes (H342, PI, FITC-PSA and JC-1). For Botubov® extender, INS150 was more efficient in preserving total and progressive motility, VCL, BCF, plasma and mitochondrial membranes. A similar response was seen when insulin was added to the Triladyl® extender, INS150 was more efficient in preserving sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial potential. Thus, the addition of insulin 150µUI/mL, regardless of the composition of the extender, contributes to better preserving bovine sperm from the cryopreservation effects.


RESUMO Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a adição de diferentes concentrações de IGF-I e insulina a diluidores, à base de gema de ovo, para melhorar a criopreservação do sêmen bovino. Dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos para avaliar os efeitos dos aditivos em dois diluidores comerciais: Botubov® (Experimento 1) e Triladyl® (Experimento 2), ambos com o mesmo delineamento. Foram utilizados três ejaculados de quatro touros (n=12). Cada ejaculado foi dividido em sete frações para diluição (60x106espermatozoides/mL), nos seguintes tratamentos: CON: somente diluidor; IGF100: 100ng/mL de IGF-I; IGF200: 200ng/mL de IGF-I; INS150: 150µUI/mL de insulina; INS200: 200µUI/mL de insulina; ASS1: 100ng/mL de IGF-I + 150µUI/mL de insulina; ASS2: 200ng/mL de IGF-I + 200µUI/mL de insulina. O sêmen foi criopreservado por sistema automatizado. Após a criopreservação, o sêmen foi avaliado quanto à motilidade espermática por CASA e quanto às membranas espermáticas (plasmática, acrossomal e mitocondrial) por sondas fluorescentes (H342, PI, FITC-PSA e JC-1). Para o diluidor Botubov®, INS150 foi mais eficiente em preservar motilidades total e progressiva, VCL, BCF, integridade da membrana plasmática e potencial mitocondrial. Resposta semelhante foi observada quando a insulina foi adicionada ao diluidor Triladyl®, INS150 foi mais eficiente na preservação da motilidade, integridade das membranas e potencial mitocondrial quando comparado aos demais grupos. Assim, a adição de 150µUI/mL de insulina aos diluidores, independentemente da composição, contribui para melhor criopreservação dos espermatozoides bovinos.

2.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 26(1): e90-e96, 2021 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32851988

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: intraoral soft tissue lipomas are relatively uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms. Few papers have been published comparing the clinicopathological features of these tumors in different populations. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinicopathological features from intraoral soft tissue lipomas diagnosed in a Brazilian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: all cases diagnosed as intraoral soft tissue lipomas in an Oral Pathology laboratory from 2005 to 2019 were retrieved and descriptively analyzed; statistical analysis was performed for comparison of the clinical and demographic parameters. RESULTS: 91 intraoral lipomas were retrieved, including 56 lipomas, 30 fibrolipomas, 2 spindle cell lipomas, 2 angiolipomas, and 1 chondrolipoma. Mean age of the patients was 62.2 years and females represented 57.1% of the sample. Mean time of complaint was 45.4 months and mean size of the lesions was 16.2 millimeters. Buccal mucosa (38.8%), lower lip (18.8%) and tongue (16.5%) were the most commonly affected locations. Fibrolipomas were more common in females (p=0,037) and presented as smaller lesions (p=0,011) in comparison to lipomas. CONCLUSIONS: report of clinicopathological data from intraoral lipomas aid in establishing their differential diagnostic criteria and clinical profile in this specific location.


Subject(s)
Lipoma , Mouth Neoplasms , Pathology, Oral , Brazil , Female , Humans , Lipoma/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Mouth Mucosa , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis
3.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 78(1): 133-139, feb.2018. graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-732683

ABSTRACT

Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.(AU)


Macrófitas aquáticas apresentam propriedades e mecanismos úteis à remoção de substâncias presentes em solução, comumente, utilizadas em processos de fitorremediação de ambientes aquáticos. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de acumulação de cobre (Cu) por Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) em diferentes concentrações do metal (1, 3 e 5 µg mL-1), além do tratamento controle, avaliados em intervalos de 0, 7 e 14 dias, sob condições laboratoriais, com controle de pH e luminosidade. Após o experimento a biomassa de S. biloba, foi lavada, seca em estufa, triturada e submetida ao processo de digestão, sendo, posteriormente, o teor de cobre acumulado determinado por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. Os resultados evidenciaram que S. biloba é hábil em acumular cobre em sua biomassa, variando significativamente entre os diferentes tratamentos e dias de exposição ao contaminante, bem como por sua interação (tratamentos × dias). Os maiores teores de acúmulo foram observados no tratamento com 5 µg mL-1, que aos 14 dias apresentou até 11.861 µg g-1 de Cu. Observamos sintomas de toxicidade e mortalidade nas plantas, evidenciando, provavelmente, o efeito do cobre sobre a espécie quando em elevados níveis. Salvinia biloba é uma espécie eficiente na remoção do cobre em solução, sendo possível sua recomendação como agente de remediação em ecossistemas aquáticos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Copper/analysis , Macrophytes , Biodegradation, Environmental , Bioaccumulation , Ecosystem , Water Resources , Tracheophyta
4.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;78(1): 133-139, Feb. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888829

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.


Resumo Macrófitas aquáticas apresentam propriedades e mecanismos úteis à remoção de substâncias presentes em solução, comumente, utilizadas em processos de fitorremediação de ambientes aquáticos. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de acumulação de cobre (Cu) por Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) em diferentes concentrações do metal (1, 3 e 5 µg mL-1), além do tratamento controle, avaliados em intervalos de 0, 7 e 14 dias, sob condições laboratoriais, com controle de pH e luminosidade. Após o experimento a biomassa de S. biloba, foi lavada, seca em estufa, triturada e submetida ao processo de digestão, sendo, posteriormente, o teor de cobre acumulado determinado por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. Os resultados evidenciaram que S. biloba é hábil em acumular cobre em sua biomassa, variando significativamente entre os diferentes tratamentos e dias de exposição ao contaminante, bem como por sua interação (tratamentos × dias). Os maiores teores de acúmulo foram observados no tratamento com 5 µg mL-1, que aos 14 dias apresentou até 11.861 µg g-1 de Cu. Observamos sintomas de toxicidade e mortalidade nas plantas, evidenciando, provavelmente, o efeito do cobre sobre a espécie quando em elevados níveis. Salvinia biloba é uma espécie eficiente na remoção do cobre em solução, sendo possível sua recomendação como agente de remediação em ecossistemas aquáticos.


Subject(s)
Biodegradation, Environmental , Copper/analysis , Copper/metabolism , Aquatic Organisms/metabolism , Aquatic Organisms/chemistry , Tracheophyta/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism , Biomass , Tracheophyta/metabolism
5.
JPRAS Open ; 16: 50-60, 2018 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32158810

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Decubitus ulcers of the sacral region are common conditions in bedridden patients. Deep lesions (Stages III and IV) often require surgical treatment for closure. Flaps of the region are the first choice for treatment. We present our experience in the treatment of these lesions and compare two different approaches: local fasciocutaneous flap and gluteus maximus myocutaneous flap with V-Y advancement. METHOD: From March 2009 to May 2014, 32 patients underwent closure of sacral pressure ulcers by flaps, 17 of them with rotational local fasciocutaneous flaps and 15 with myocutaneous flaps of the gluteus maximus muscle with V-Y advancement. Evolution regarding complications and rate of success after two months was compared between the groups. RESULTS: Out of the 32 operated patients we obtained resolution of lesions after two months in 23 (71.8%), 10 patients in the fasciocutaneous flap group (58.8%) and 13 cases in the myocutaneous flap group (86.6%). The most common complication was partial dehiscence of sutures in 12 patients (37.5%), 8 patients in the fasciocutaneous flap group (47%) and 4 patients in the myocutaneous flap group (26.6%). The group of patients reconstructed with local fasciocutaneous flaps presented 3 cases with seroma, one with hematoma and 6 with partial cutaneous necrosis; these patients also required more drainage time. CONCLUSIONS: Both the local rotational fasciocutaneous flap and the myocutaneous flap of the gluteus maximus muscle in V-Y flap can be used in the surgical treatment of sacral ulcers. In our experience, a reduced success rate and more complications were found in the local fasciocutaneous reconstructive method.

6.
Braz J Biol ; 78(1): 133-139, 2018 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28699967

ABSTRACT

Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.


Subject(s)
Aquatic Organisms , Biodegradation, Environmental , Copper , Tracheophyta , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Aquatic Organisms/chemistry , Aquatic Organisms/metabolism , Biomass , Copper/analysis , Copper/metabolism , Tracheophyta/chemistry , Tracheophyta/metabolism , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism
7.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 78(1)2018.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-739232

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.


Resumo Macrófitas aquáticas apresentam propriedades e mecanismos úteis à remoção de substâncias presentes em solução, comumente, utilizadas em processos de fitorremediação de ambientes aquáticos. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de acumulação de cobre (Cu) por Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) em diferentes concentrações do metal (1, 3 e 5 µg mL-1), além do tratamento controle, avaliados em intervalos de 0, 7 e 14 dias, sob condições laboratoriais, com controle de pH e luminosidade. Após o experimento a biomassa de S. biloba, foi lavada, seca em estufa, triturada e submetida ao processo de digestão, sendo, posteriormente, o teor de cobre acumulado determinado por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. Os resultados evidenciaram que S. biloba é hábil em acumular cobre em sua biomassa, variando significativamente entre os diferentes tratamentos e dias de exposição ao contaminante, bem como por sua interação (tratamentos × dias). Os maiores teores de acúmulo foram observados no tratamento com 5 µg mL-1, que aos 14 dias apresentou até 11.861 µg g-1 de Cu. Observamos sintomas de toxicidade e mortalidade nas plantas, evidenciando, provavelmente, o efeito do cobre sobre a espécie quando em elevados níveis. Salvinia biloba é uma espécie eficiente na remoção do cobre em solução, sendo possível sua recomendação como agente de remediação em ecossistemas aquáticos.

8.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 78(1)2018.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-739209

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.


Resumo Macrófitas aquáticas apresentam propriedades e mecanismos úteis à remoção de substâncias presentes em solução, comumente, utilizadas em processos de fitorremediação de ambientes aquáticos. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de acumulação de cobre (Cu) por Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) em diferentes concentrações do metal (1, 3 e 5 µg mL-1), além do tratamento controle, avaliados em intervalos de 0, 7 e 14 dias, sob condições laboratoriais, com controle de pH e luminosidade. Após o experimento a biomassa de S. biloba, foi lavada, seca em estufa, triturada e submetida ao processo de digestão, sendo, posteriormente, o teor de cobre acumulado determinado por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. Os resultados evidenciaram que S. biloba é hábil em acumular cobre em sua biomassa, variando significativamente entre os diferentes tratamentos e dias de exposição ao contaminante, bem como por sua interação (tratamentos × dias). Os maiores teores de acúmulo foram observados no tratamento com 5 µg mL-1, que aos 14 dias apresentou até 11.861 µg g-1 de Cu. Observamos sintomas de toxicidade e mortalidade nas plantas, evidenciando, provavelmente, o efeito do cobre sobre a espécie quando em elevados níveis. Salvinia biloba é uma espécie eficiente na remoção do cobre em solução, sendo possível sua recomendação como agente de remediação em ecossistemas aquáticos.

9.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-692155

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.


Resumo Macrófitas aquáticas apresentam propriedades e mecanismos úteis à remoção de substâncias presentes em solução, comumente, utilizadas em processos de fitorremediação de ambientes aquáticos. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de acumulação de cobre (Cu) por Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) em diferentes concentrações do metal (1, 3 e 5 µg mL-1), além do tratamento controle, avaliados em intervalos de 0, 7 e 14 dias, sob condições laboratoriais, com controle de pH e luminosidade. Após o experimento a biomassa de S. biloba, foi lavada, seca em estufa, triturada e submetida ao processo de digestão, sendo, posteriormente, o teor de cobre acumulado determinado por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. Os resultados evidenciaram que S. biloba é hábil em acumular cobre em sua biomassa, variando significativamente entre os diferentes tratamentos e dias de exposição ao contaminante, bem como por sua interação (tratamentos × dias). Os maiores teores de acúmulo foram observados no tratamento com 5 µg mL-1, que aos 14 dias apresentou até 11.861 µg g-1 de Cu. Observamos sintomas de toxicidade e mortalidade nas plantas, evidenciando, provavelmente, o efeito do cobre sobre a espécie quando em elevados níveis. Salvinia biloba é uma espécie eficiente na remoção do cobre em solução, sendo possível sua recomendação como agente de remediação em ecossistemas aquáticos.

10.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;2017.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467053

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aquatic macrophytes have properties and mechanisms which are useful for the removal of substances in solution, commonly used in phytoremediation processes in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the performance of copper (Cu) accumulation by Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) in different metal concentrations (1, 3 and 5 µg mL-1), as well as the control treatment, measured at intervals of 0, 7 and 14 days under laboratory conditions, with control as to pH and luminosity. After the experiment, the S. biloba biomass was washed, kiln dried, crushed and subjected to the process of digestion, and subsequently the accumulated copper content was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that S. biloba is apt at accumulating copper, varying significantly between different treatments and days of exposure to the contaminant, as well as its interaction (treatment × days). The highest accumulation values were observed in treatment with 5 µg mL-1, which at 14 days, with 11,861 µg g-1 of copper. We observed symptoms of toxicity and mortality in plants, probably indicating the effect of copper on the species when at high levels. Salvinia biloba is an efficient species in the removal of copper in solution, its recommendation as a remediating agent in aquatic ecosystems being possible.


Resumo Macrófitas aquáticas apresentam propriedades e mecanismos úteis à remoção de substâncias presentes em solução, comumente, utilizadas em processos de fitorremediação de ambientes aquáticos. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho de acumulação de cobre (Cu) por Salvinia biloba Raddi (Salviniaceae) em diferentes concentrações do metal (1, 3 e 5 µg mL-1), além do tratamento controle, avaliados em intervalos de 0, 7 e 14 dias, sob condições laboratoriais, com controle de pH e luminosidade. Após o experimento a biomassa de S. biloba, foi lavada, seca em estufa, triturada e submetida ao processo de digestão, sendo, posteriormente, o teor de cobre acumulado determinado por espectroscopia de absorção atômica. Os resultados evidenciaram que S. biloba é hábil em acumular cobre em sua biomassa, variando significativamente entre os diferentes tratamentos e dias de exposição ao contaminante, bem como por sua interação (tratamentos × dias). Os maiores teores de acúmulo foram observados no tratamento com 5 µg mL-1, que aos 14 dias apresentou até 11.861 µg g-1 de Cu. Observamos sintomas de toxicidade e mortalidade nas plantas, evidenciando, provavelmente, o efeito do cobre sobre a espécie quando em elevados níveis. Salvinia biloba é uma espécie eficiente na remoção do cobre em solução, sendo possível sua recomendação como agente de remediação em ecossistemas aquáticos.

11.
Rev. bras. reprod. anim ; 39(3): 309-314, Jul-Set. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1492184

ABSTRACT

A integridade do DNA espermático está intimamente relacionada com a fertilidade. Técnicas queavaliam o DNA espermático possuem grande importância e potencial de serem aplicadas nas rotinas dasavaliações andrológicas. No entanto, são necessários maiores conhecimentos sobre as técnicas e seus princípiospara permitir que sejam empregadas apropriadamente de acordo com os objetivos e resultados esperados. Dessaforma, assim como abordado na Parte 1, nesta Parte 2 serão abordadas técnicas de avaliação do DNAespermático: TUNEL, laranja de acridina e Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). A técnica de TUNELfundamenta-se na adição de nucleotídeos modificados marcados com fluorescência às fitas fragmentadas. Atécnica avalia, portanto, diretamente a fragmentação de DNA da amostra. A sonda laranja de acridina é capaz dediferenciar, por meio de diferentes colorações, o DNA fragmentado do não fragmentado. Já a técnica de SCSAbaseia-se na imposição de um desafio ao espermatozoide; esta técnica avalia a susceptibilidade dosespermatozoides à fragmentação de DNA, sendo, portanto, uma avaliação indireta. A presente revisão permiteexpor a opinião dos autores sobre as diferentes técnicas e suas aplicações, mostrando o potencial emprego delasnos exames de rotina e nas pesquisas.


Sperm DNA integrity is directly related to male fertility. Techniques to assess sperm DNA are importantand have potential to be applied in routine evaluation of semen. However, the techniques and principles need tobe further studied to apply they correctly and to get relevant results. Thus, as discussed in Part 1, Part 2 willaddress evaluation techniques of sperm DNA: TUNEL, acridine orange and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay(SCSA). TUNEL is based on addition of modified nucleotides labeled with fluorescence to fragmented tapesevaluating, therefore, directly, the DNA fragmentation of the sample. Acridine orange differentiates fragmentedDNA by different colors. On the other hand, SCSA are based on the imposition of a challenge to sperm. Thus,this technique assesses the susceptibility of sperm DNA fragmentation constituting indirect assessment. Thereview allows showing opinion of the authors about different techniques and their applications. Therefore,potential use of these techniques in routine exams and researches are addressed.


Subject(s)
Animals , DNA Fragmentation , Embryonic Induction , Acridine Orange/administration & dosage , Acridine Orange/analysis
12.
R. bras. Reprod. Anim. ; 39(3): 309-314, Jul-Set. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-14983

ABSTRACT

A integridade do DNA espermático está intimamente relacionada com a fertilidade. Técnicas queavaliam o DNA espermático possuem grande importância e potencial de serem aplicadas nas rotinas dasavaliações andrológicas. No entanto, são necessários maiores conhecimentos sobre as técnicas e seus princípiospara permitir que sejam empregadas apropriadamente de acordo com os objetivos e resultados esperados. Dessaforma, assim como abordado na Parte 1, nesta Parte 2 serão abordadas técnicas de avaliação do DNAespermático: TUNEL, laranja de acridina e Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). A técnica de TUNELfundamenta-se na adição de nucleotídeos modificados marcados com fluorescência às fitas fragmentadas. Atécnica avalia, portanto, diretamente a fragmentação de DNA da amostra. A sonda laranja de acridina é capaz dediferenciar, por meio de diferentes colorações, o DNA fragmentado do não fragmentado. Já a técnica de SCSAbaseia-se na imposição de um desafio ao espermatozoide; esta técnica avalia a susceptibilidade dosespermatozoides à fragmentação de DNA, sendo, portanto, uma avaliação indireta. A presente revisão permiteexpor a opinião dos autores sobre as diferentes técnicas e suas aplicações, mostrando o potencial emprego delasnos exames de rotina e nas pesquisas.(AU)


Sperm DNA integrity is directly related to male fertility. Techniques to assess sperm DNA are importantand have potential to be applied in routine evaluation of semen. However, the techniques and principles need tobe further studied to apply they correctly and to get relevant results. Thus, as discussed in Part 1, Part 2 willaddress evaluation techniques of sperm DNA: TUNEL, acridine orange and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay(SCSA). TUNEL is based on addition of modified nucleotides labeled with fluorescence to fragmented tapesevaluating, therefore, directly, the DNA fragmentation of the sample. Acridine orange differentiates fragmentedDNA by different colors. On the other hand, SCSA are based on the imposition of a challenge to sperm. Thus,this technique assesses the susceptibility of sperm DNA fragmentation constituting indirect assessment. Thereview allows showing opinion of the authors about different techniques and their applications. Therefore,potential use of these techniques in routine exams and researches are addressed.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , DNA Fragmentation , Embryonic Induction , Acridine Orange/administration & dosage , Acridine Orange/analysis
13.
Rev. bras. reprod. anim ; 39(2): 263-269, Abr-Jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1492176

ABSTRACT

O DNA espermático possui papel essencial na reprodução, visto que danos no material genético podemprejudicar os processos de fecundação e desenvolvimento embrionário. Ademais, há evidências de que danos aoDNA podem ser causados por alterações epigenéticas. Entretanto, embora ainda não seja aplicada nas avaliaçõesandrológicas de rotina, faz-se essencial a avaliação do status de integridade do DNA espermático. Existemdiversas técnicas de avaliação com diferentes princípios e objetivos. A aplicação destas irá depender dosequipamentos disponíveis, do treinamento da equipe e das respostas a serem obtidas. Ainda, para a interpretaçãodos resultados obtidos, é necessário o conhecimento do princípio de análise de cada técnica. Assim, a presenterevisão, dividida em duas partes, tem por objetivo abordar diferentes técnicas de avaliação. As técnicasabordadas na parte 1 estão relacionadas às avaliações de compactação da cromatina (azul de toluidina, azul deanilina e cromomicina A3) e à avaliação direta da fragmentação de DNA (ensaio Cometa e teste de dispersão dacromatina modificado). Na parte 2, serão abordadas as técnicas de TUNEL, laranja de acridina e “SpermChromatin Structure Assay” (SCSA). Nesta revisão, serão abordados os princípios dos testes e a interpretaçãodos resultados baseados na literatura e nas pesquisas do grupo.


Sperm DNA has an important role on reproduction. Injuries in genetic material can impair thefertilization processes and embryonic development. Furthermore, there is evidence that DNA damage can becaused by epigenetic alterations. Although DNA evaluation in sperm analysis routine assessments is essential, itis not yet performed. There are numerous techniques of DNA evaluation with different principles and objectives.Application of these techniques will depend on the equipment available, the staff training and answers to berequired. To interpret the results, however, knowledge of each analysis technique is required. Therefore, thisreview, divided in two parts, aims to consider different techniques. The techniques that will be consideredthroughout the first part of review are: toluidine blue, aniline blue, A3 chromomycyn, Comet assay anddispersion test of modified chromatin. In the second part, it will be approached TUNEL, acridine orange andSperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) techniques. We will discuss the testes and the main results based onliterature and researches of our group.


Subject(s)
Chromatin , Fertility , DNA Fragmentation , Embryonic Induction
14.
Rev. bras. reprod. anim ; 39(2): 277-283, Abr-Jun. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1492178

ABSTRACT

A mitocôndria é a principal fonte de energia para a motilidade e a homeostase espermática. Durante afosforilação oxidativa são produzidos metabólitos, denominados espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), as quaisdesempenham papel fundamental nos processos fisiológicos. No entanto, disfunções mitocondriais podem causardesequilíbrio entre a produção de EROs e os mecanismos antioxidantes, provocando o estresse oxidativo, letalpara a célula espermática. Assim, como essa organela está envolvida tanto nos processos fisiológicos quanto nospatológicos dos espermatozoides, fica clara a importância de se avaliar sua funcionalidade. Portanto, o objetivodesta revisão é descrever as possíveis técnicas de avaliação da funcionalidade das mitocôndrias espermáticas pormeio da atividade e do potencial da membrana mitocondrial, da mensuração dos níveis de ATP e ADP e damensuração dos níveis de cálcio.


Mitochondria are the major source of energy for sperm motility and to the homeostasis. During theoxidative phosphorylation metabolites called Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), are produced and play a key rolefor the physiological processes. However, mitochondrial dysfunctions can cause an imbalance between ROSproduction and antioxidant mechanisms cause oxidative stress, lethal for spermatozoa. Thus, as this organelle isinvolved both in physiological or pathological processes of sperm, it is clear the importance of evaluating itsfunctionality. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the possible techniques for assessing functionalityof sperm mitochondria and these assessments of activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, measuring thelevels of ATP and ADP and measurement the levels of calcium.


Subject(s)
Cell Biology , Spermatozoa , Mitochondria/physiology , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
15.
R. bras. Reprod. Anim. ; 39(2): 263-269, Abr-Jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-14919

ABSTRACT

O DNA espermático possui papel essencial na reprodução, visto que danos no material genético podemprejudicar os processos de fecundação e desenvolvimento embrionário. Ademais, há evidências de que danos aoDNA podem ser causados por alterações epigenéticas. Entretanto, embora ainda não seja aplicada nas avaliaçõesandrológicas de rotina, faz-se essencial a avaliação do status de integridade do DNA espermático. Existemdiversas técnicas de avaliação com diferentes princípios e objetivos. A aplicação destas irá depender dosequipamentos disponíveis, do treinamento da equipe e das respostas a serem obtidas. Ainda, para a interpretaçãodos resultados obtidos, é necessário o conhecimento do princípio de análise de cada técnica. Assim, a presenterevisão, dividida em duas partes, tem por objetivo abordar diferentes técnicas de avaliação. As técnicasabordadas na parte 1 estão relacionadas às avaliações de compactação da cromatina (azul de toluidina, azul deanilina e cromomicina A3) e à avaliação direta da fragmentação de DNA (ensaio Cometa e teste de dispersão dacromatina modificado). Na parte 2, serão abordadas as técnicas de TUNEL, laranja de acridina e “SpermChromatin Structure Assay” (SCSA). Nesta revisão, serão abordados os princípios dos testes e a interpretaçãodos resultados baseados na literatura e nas pesquisas do grupo.(AU)


Sperm DNA has an important role on reproduction. Injuries in genetic material can impair thefertilization processes and embryonic development. Furthermore, there is evidence that DNA damage can becaused by epigenetic alterations. Although DNA evaluation in sperm analysis routine assessments is essential, itis not yet performed. There are numerous techniques of DNA evaluation with different principles and objectives.Application of these techniques will depend on the equipment available, the staff training and answers to berequired. To interpret the results, however, knowledge of each analysis technique is required. Therefore, thisreview, divided in two parts, aims to consider different techniques. The techniques that will be consideredthroughout the first part of review are: toluidine blue, aniline blue, A3 chromomycyn, Comet assay anddispersion test of modified chromatin. In the second part, it will be approached TUNEL, acridine orange andSperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) techniques. We will discuss the testes and the main results based onliterature and researches of our group.(AU)


Subject(s)
DNA Fragmentation , Embryonic Induction , Fertility , Chromatin
16.
R. bras. Reprod. Anim. ; 39(2): 277-283, Abr-Jun. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-13176

ABSTRACT

A mitocôndria é a principal fonte de energia para a motilidade e a homeostase espermática. Durante afosforilação oxidativa são produzidos metabólitos, denominados espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), as quaisdesempenham papel fundamental nos processos fisiológicos. No entanto, disfunções mitocondriais podem causardesequilíbrio entre a produção de EROs e os mecanismos antioxidantes, provocando o estresse oxidativo, letalpara a célula espermática. Assim, como essa organela está envolvida tanto nos processos fisiológicos quanto nospatológicos dos espermatozoides, fica clara a importância de se avaliar sua funcionalidade. Portanto, o objetivodesta revisão é descrever as possíveis técnicas de avaliação da funcionalidade das mitocôndrias espermáticas pormeio da atividade e do potencial da membrana mitocondrial, da mensuração dos níveis de ATP e ADP e damensuração dos níveis de cálcio.(AU)


Mitochondria are the major source of energy for sperm motility and to the homeostasis. During theoxidative phosphorylation metabolites called Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), are produced and play a key rolefor the physiological processes. However, mitochondrial dysfunctions can cause an imbalance between ROSproduction and antioxidant mechanisms cause oxidative stress, lethal for spermatozoa. Thus, as this organelle isinvolved both in physiological or pathological processes of sperm, it is clear the importance of evaluating itsfunctionality. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the possible techniques for assessing functionalityof sperm mitochondria and these assessments of activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, measuring thelevels of ATP and ADP and measurement the levels of calcium.(AU)


Subject(s)
Mitochondria/physiology , Spermatozoa , Cell Biology , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
17.
Climacteric ; 18(2): 135-41, 2015 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25307986

ABSTRACT

Urinary incontinence is a dysfunction that tremendously affects women's quality of life, involving social, emotional and economic aspects. Although various treatments for urinary incontinence have been described, it is important to know which of them are truly effective. This review seeks to determine the current available therapies for women with stress urinary incontinence and overactive bladder syndrome, based on the best scientific evidence.


Subject(s)
Urinary Incontinence/therapy , Cholinergic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Electrodes, Implanted , Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Estrogens/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Pelvic Floor , Physical Therapy Modalities , Quality of Life , Sacrum/innervation , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Suburethral Slings , Treatment Outcome , Urethra/drug effects , Urinary Bladder, Overactive/therapy , Urinary Incontinence/surgery , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/therapy , Urologic Surgical Procedures
18.
Andrologia ; 47(1): 85-90, 2015 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24428535

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the effects of dietary organic selenium (Se) on viability of chilled boar semen. Twelve boars were divided into three groups: control (CON), 0.3 mg kg(-1) sodium selenite; inorganic (INO), 0.5 mg kg(-1) sodium selenite and organic (ORG), 0.5 mg kg(-1) Se yeast. The experiment was conducted within 10 weeks, and analysis was performed fortnightly, in storage semen by 72 h. No effect was observed on motility; however, straightness and linearity percentages were higher (P < 0.05) in the animals receiving CON diet compared with INO group. Percentages of cells with both plasma and acrosomal intact membranes, lipidic membrane peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential were similar on all treatments. Animals receiving CON diet presented higher (P < 0.05) values of ATP when compared with INO group. The PHGPx was higher (P < 0.05) in animals that received ORG in comparison with INO group. In conclusion, organic selenium supplementation increases PHGPx but does not improve chilled semen viability in 72 h.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Dietary Supplements , Glutathione Peroxidase/drug effects , Selenium/pharmacology , Spermatozoa/drug effects , Acrosome/drug effects , Animals , Cell Survival/drug effects , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Male , Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase , Semen Analysis , Semen Preservation , Sperm Motility/drug effects , Spermatozoa/enzymology , Swine
19.
Reprod Domest Anim ; 49(5): 845-50, 2014 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25124746

ABSTRACT

The use of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) on semen cryopreservation has been related with better sperm viability in several species; however, the effect on fertility is not known in donkey semen. Ejaculates (n = 25) from five donkeys were diluted in S-MEDIUM with 0, 1, 2 or 3 mg of CLC/120 × 10(6) spermatozoa. Semen was frozen, and thawed samples were evaluated by computer-assisted sperm analyser system (CASA), supravital test, hyposmotic swelling test and fluorescent dyes to assess the integrity of sperm membranes. Mares (n = 60) were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen treated with the doses of 0 or 1 mg CLC. Percentages of sperm with progressive motility and with functional plasma membrane were greater (p < 0.05) in the CLC-treated groups than in the control. Percentages of intact plasma membrane and intact plasma membrane and acrosome detected by fluorescent dyes were also greater (p < 0.05) in CLC-treated groups. Although no difference (p > 0.05) in conception rates was detected between groups (control, 3/30, 10%; CLC-treated, 1/30, 3.3%), fertility was low for artificial insemination programs in mares. Therefore, we firstly demonstrated that frozen semen treated with CLC in S-MEDIA extender before freezing improves the in vitro sperm viability, but semen treated or not with CLC in S-MEDIUM extender results in a very low conception rate in mares inseminated with thawed donkey semen.


Subject(s)
Cholesterol/pharmacology , Cryopreservation/veterinary , Cyclodextrins/pharmacology , Equidae/physiology , Semen Preservation/veterinary , Animals , Cryopreservation/methods , Cryoprotective Agents/pharmacology , Female , Male , Pregnancy , Semen Preservation/methods
20.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim ; 50(1): 39-47, 2014 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23949783

ABSTRACT

The presence of heparin and a mixture of penicillamine, hypotaurine, and epinephrine (PHE) solution in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) media seem to be a prerequisite when bovine spermatozoa are capacitated in vitro, in order to stimulate sperm motility and acrosome reaction. The present study was designed to determine the effect of the addition of heparin and PHE during IVF on the quality and penetrability of spermatozoa into bovine oocytes and on subsequent embryo development. Sperm quality, evaluated by the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membranes and mitochondrial function, was diminished (P<0.05) in the presence of heparin and PHE. Oocyte penetration and normal pronuclear formation rates, as well as the percentage of zygotes presenting more than two pronuclei, was higher (P<0.05) in the presence of heparin and PHE. No differences were observed in cleavage rates between treatment and control (P>0.05). However, the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage was increased in the presence of heparin and PHE (P>0.05). The quality of embryos that reached the blastocyst stage was evaluated by counting the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cell numbers and total number of cells; the percentage of ICM and TE cells was unaffected (P>0.05) in the presence of heparin and PHE (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that while the supplementation of IVF media with heparin and PHE solution impairs spermatozoa quality, it plays an important role in sperm capacitation, improving pronuclear formation, and early embryonic development.


Subject(s)
Epinephrine/pharmacology , Fertilization in Vitro/veterinary , Heparin/pharmacology , Penicillamine/pharmacology , Taurine/analogs & derivatives , Acrosome Reaction/drug effects , Animals , Cattle , Embryonic Development/drug effects , Fertilization/drug effects , Fertilization in Vitro/methods , Sperm Capacitation/drug effects , Sperm Motility/drug effects , Taurine/pharmacology
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