ABSTRACT
El estudio los nervios periféricos (NNPP) mediante técnicas de imagen ha experimentado un notable crecimiento en la última década. Más allá del abordaje clásico y todavía vigente mediante ecografía de los NNPP, el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas neurográficas a partir de secuencias morfológicas convencionales (incluyendo estudios 3D isotrópicos con supresión grasa) está permitiendo valorar los distintos NNPP y plexos incluyendo pequeñas ramas terminales sensitivas y/o motoras con gran precisión. El uso de secuencias potenciadas en difusión (DWI) y tensor de difusión (DTI) ha permitido abrir un nuevo horizonte en los estudios de neurografía. Este nuevo abordaje proporciona información morfológica y funcional acerca de la estructura interna y fisiopatología de los NNPP y las distintas patologías relacionadas con ellos. En esta actualización realizamos una puesta al día de las distintas modalidades de neurografía mediante resonancia magnética disponibles para el estudio de los NNPP, con especial atención a las nuevas secuencias basadas en difusión
Imaging studies of peripheral nerves have increased considerably in the last ten years. In addition to the classical and still valid study by ultrasound, new neurographic techniques developed from conventional morphological sequences (including 3D isotropic studies with fat suppression) are making it possible to assess different peripheral nerves and plexuses, including small sensory and/or motor branches, with great precision. Diffusion-weighted sequences and diffusion tensor imaging have opened a new horizon in neurographic studies. This new approach provides morphological and functional information about the internal structure and pathophysiology of the peripheral nerves and diseases that involve them. This update reviews the different MR neurography techniques available for the study of the peripheral nerves, with special emphasis on new sequences based on diffusion
Subject(s)
Humans , Peripheral Nerves/diagnostic imaging , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Functional Neuroimaging/methods , Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Diagnostic Imaging/trends , Ulnar Nerve/diagnostic imaging , Ulnar Nerve/pathology , Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Imaging studies of peripheral nerves have increased considerably in the last ten years. In addition to the classical and still valid study by ultrasound, new neurographic techniques developed from conventional morphological sequences (including 3D isotropic studies with fat suppression) are making it possible to assess different peripheral nerves and plexuses, including small sensory and/or motor branches, with great precision. Diffusion-weighted sequences and diffusion tensor imaging have opened a new horizon in neurographic studies. This new approach provides morphological and functional information about the internal structure and pathophysiology of the peripheral nerves and diseases that involve them. This update reviews the different MR neurography techniques available for the study of the peripheral nerves, with special emphasis on new sequences based on diffusion.