Infection rate treating radial and ulnar fractures using bone plate fixation without antibiotic prophylaxis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of a 1.5- and 2.0-mm titanium locking plate for the treatment of radial and ulnar fractures in small dog breeds and cats without peri-operative antibiotic prophylaxis in a prospective case series. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records and radiographs of closed radial and ulnar fractures treated using internal fixation with a 1.5- or 2.0-mm titanium locking plate without antibiotic prophylaxis were collected prospectively. Patients were clinically followed up until radiographical fracture healing was complete. RESULTS: Thirty-two fractures in small breed dogs and cats with an average bodyweight of 3.9 kg met the inclusion criteria. The follow-up time radiographically and clinically was 4-35 weeks. All fractures showed radiographical fracture union, and all patients had a good clinical outcome. The superficial infection rate in this case series was 0%; the deep infection rate involving the implant/bone was 3.1%. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The novel 1.5- and 2.0-mm titanium locking plate system was successfully used to treat simple closed radial and ulnar fractures in small breed dogs and cats without peri-operative antibiotic prophylaxis, resulting in good clinical outcome and a low infection rate.

[Aesthetic Filler Injections and the Management of Side Effects]. / Ästhetische Behandlungen mit Fillern und das Management von Nebenwirkungen.

Over the past years aesthetic procedures have been evolving as an important part of daily dermatological practice. Herein, fillers represent an integral component of a modern, multimodal aesthetic treatment approach. Advances in the understanding of the aging face and modern fillers offer a broad variety of indications ranging from augmentation to hydration or collagen-induction. At the same time the range of available injection materials, products and techniques has grown to mere unmanageable dimensions. Finally, dermatologists are frequently confronted with the consequences of improper filler treatments or late side effects of early filler materials which have already disappeared from the market and even the experienced injector may encounter treatment-associated side effects. Here, we review the most important current and historic filler materials, including indications, injection techniques, adverse effects and the respective management recommendations.