GABPA-Mediated Expression of HPN-AS1 Facilitates Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting eIF4A3 Degradation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a common neoplasm that presents a substantial worldwide health challenge. Nevertheless, the involvement of HPN-AS1 in HCC remains unknown. The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was utilized to measure HPN-AS1 expression in HCC. The GABPA effects on the HPN-AS1 promoter were analyzed through chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. Cell proliferation potential was determined by deploying CCK-8 assay, Ki-67 immunofluorescence staining, and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was detected using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. Western blotting was utilized to measure the protein levels of proliferation factors and apoptosis regulators. HPN-AS1 binding to eIF4A3 was accessed by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assay. HPN-AS1 was significantly downregulated in both HCC cells and tissues. Lower HPN-AS1 levels indicate a poorer HCC prognosis. Moreover, we found that GABPA functions as a transcription factor for HPN-AS1. Functional studies revealed that HPN-AS1 displayed inhibitory effects on HCC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Mechanically, HPN-AS1 bound to and facilitated translation initiation factor eIF4A3 degradation. Loss of HPN-AS1 augmented eIF4A3 protein levels rather than eIF4A3 mRNA levels. Exogenous expression of eIF4A3 could restore eIF4A3 protein levels and reverse HPN-AS1 overexpression-induced cell proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis. Our study elucidated that HPN-AS1 downregulation was mediated by GABPA. HPN-AS acted as a tumor suppressor within HCC through binding and facilitating eIF4A3 degradation. The study provides a novel insight into the biological function of HPN-AS1 in HCC, suggesting that HPN-AS1 could be a promising biomarker and a potential target for HCC diagnosis and treatment.

Application of multidisciplinary team-based integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in rotator cuff injury patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery.

BACKGROUND: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is a common surgical treatment for rotator cuff injuries (RCIs). Although this procedure has certain clinical advantages, it requires rehabilitation management interventions to ensure therapeutic efficacy. AIM: To investigate the effect of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine (TCM-WM) under the multidisciplinary team (MDT) model on the postoperative recovery of patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery for RCIs. METHODS: This study enrolled 100 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for RCIs at the Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2021 and May 2024. They were divided into a control group (n = 48) that received routine rehabilitation treatment and an experimental group (n = 52) that received TCM-WM under the MDT model (e.g., acupuncture, TCM traumatology and orthopedics, and rehabilitation). The results of the Constant-Murley Shoulder Score (CMS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), muscular strength evaluation, and shoulder range of motion (ROM) assessments were analyzed. RESULTS: After treatment, the experimental group showed significantly higher CMS scores in terms of pain, functional activity, shoulder joint mobility, and muscular strength than the baseline and those of the control group. The experimental group also exhibited significantly lower VAS and SPADI scores than the baseline and those of the control group. In addition, the experimental group showed significantly enhanced muscular strength (forward flexor and external and internal rotator muscles) and shoulder ROM (forward flexion, abduction, and lateral abduction) after treatment compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: TCM-WM under the MDT model improved shoulder joint function, relieved postoperative pain, promoted postoperative functional recovery, and facilitated the recovery of muscular strength and shoulder ROM in patients with RCIs who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Kombo knife combined with sorafenib in liver cancer treatment: Efficacy and safety under immune function influence.

BACKGROUND: In the quest to manage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the focus has shifted to a more holistic approach encompassing both data analytics and innovative treatments. Analyzing rich data resources, such as the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), and examining progressive therapies can potentially reshape the trajectory of HCC treatment. AIM: To elucidate the immunological genes and the underlying mechanism of the combined Kombo knife and sorafenib regimen for HCC by analyzing data from TCGA and machine learning data. METHODS: Immune attributes were evaluated via TCGA's postablation HCC RNA sequencing data. Using weighted gene coexpression network analysis and machine learning, we identified genes with high prognostic value. The therapeutic landscape and safety metrics of the integrated treatment were critically evaluated across cellular and animal models. RESULTS: Immune genes-specifically, peptidylprolyl isomerase A and solute carrier family 29 member 3-emerged as significant prognostic markers. Enhanced therapeutic outcomes, such as prolonged progression-free survival and an elevated overall response rate, characterize the combined approach, with peripheral blood mononuclear cells displaying potent effects on HCC dynamics. CONCLUSION: The combination of Kombo knife with sorafenib is an innovative HCC treatment modality anchored in immune-centric strategies.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis of Steroidogenesis and Spermatogenesis Impairment in the Testis of db/db Mice.

Objective: The mechanism of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis impairment in men with type 2 diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to explore the local changes of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in the testis of db/db mice. Research Design and Methods. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis in the testis of db/db and C57BL/6J mice. The differentially expressed genes were then confirmed by real-time PCR. The histopathological characteristics of testis in db/db mice and C57BL/6J control were also performed. Results: The 20-week-old db/db mice had significantly higher blood glucose and body weight (both p < 0.001). The serum testosterone levels (4.4 ± 0.8 vs. 9.8 ± 0.7 ng/ml, p=0.001) and weight of the testis (0.16 ± 0.01 vs. 0.24 ± 0.01 g, p < 0.001) were significantly lower in db/db mice than that in C57BL/6J controls. db/db mice had a lower cross-sectional area of seminiferous tubules and thickness of the cell layer (both p < 0.05). The numbers of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells decreased in db/db mice (both p < 0.01). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis showed that compared with the control group, the percentage of spermatogonia was significantly higher in the db/db mouse (p < 0.001), while the proportions of spermatocytes, round and elongating spermatids, and sperms were all lower in the db/db mouse (p all < 0.001). The most differentially expressed genes were found in round spermatids (n = 86), which were not found in spermatogonia, spermatocyte, and sperm. Igfbp5 was the most significantly decreased gene in Leydig cells of the db/db mouse, while the expression of Cd74, H2-Aa, and H2-Eb1 was elevated. Ccl7 and Ptgds were the most significantly increased and decreased genes in Sertoli cells of the db/db mouse. Conclusions: The present study indicates spermiogenesis and steroidogenesis defects in db/db mice. The mechanism of steroidogenesis impairment in the testis of db/db mice deserves further investigation.

[Effects of Application of Different Organic Materials on Phosphorus Accumulation and Transformation in Vegetable Fields].

Presently, the improvement of soil organic matter is the basis to ensure food security, but the accumulation and transformation characteristics of soil phosphorus (P) as affected by organic matter remain unclear. The accumulation, transformation, and migration characteristics of soil P in different soil layers of vegetable fields were researched under the application of organic materials. Six treatments were set up in the experiment:control (no fertilization), traditional fertilizer application by farmers, biochar, chicken manure, food waste, and straw application. Available phosphorus (Olsen-P), water-soluble phosphorus (CaCl2-P) content, soil phosphorus forms, soil organic matter (SOM), and pH were determined during the pepper harvest period. In the 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm soil layers, the available phosphorus content of traditional fertilization of farmers was higher, and the available phosphorus content of the four organic materials was in the order of straw > biochar > chicken manure > food waste. Compared to that with food waste, the straw and biochar treatments increased soil available phosphorus by 59.6%-67.3% and 29.1%-36.9%, respectively. The straw treatment could easily enhance the soil labile P pool, and soil labile P in the 0-5 cm soil layer increased by 47.3% and 35.1% compared with that under the chicken manure and food waste treatments, respectively. With the increase in soil depth, the proportion of available phosphorus in the chicken manure treatment decreased the least, and available phosphorus of the 20-30 cm soil layer accounted for 55.9% of the topsoil layer but only accounted for 16.0%-34.0% under treatment with the other three materials. Compared with that under the traditional fertilization of farmers, the pH significantly increased by 0.18-0.36 units after the application of organic fertilizer, and the pH of the chicken manure and food waste treatments was significantly higher than that of biochar and straw (P < 0.05). SOM content under the biochar treatment significantly increased by 7.7%-17.6% compared to that under the other three organic materials. Among the four organic materials, the straw treatment boosted the labile P pool the most, which was conducive to the rapid increase in plant-available P. Phosphorus was most likely to migrate downward under the chicken manure treatment. In the field management based on soil fertility enhancement, the application of biochar could not only improve soil pH and SOM but also avoid excessive accumulation of phosphorus in the surface layer, which decreases environmental risks.

Life satisfaction components and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A large prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Which life satisfaction components could be a target of positive psychological interventions for longevity is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate association of the composite measure of life satisfaction and its individual components with mortality. METHODS: This cohort study included UK Biobank participants who responded to questions concerning five components of life satisfaction at baseline. We generated a composite score representing overall life satisfaction, ranging from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest). The outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for the associations of interest. RESULTS: Among 165,842 eligible participants, 12,261 all-cause deaths were observed over a median of 12.9-year follow-up. Overall life satisfaction was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 0.94 [95% CI: 0.93-0.95] per 1 score increment). Health satisfaction showed the strongest association with all-cause mortality, with a fully adjusted HR of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.49-0.55) for high/extreme satisfaction and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.59-0.66) for moderate satisfaction, compared with unsatisfaction (P-trend<0.001), independent of other satisfaction components, regardless of physical health and sociodemographics. The association for family, friendship, work and financial satisfaction was attenuated when adjusted for other life satisfaction components. Similar findings were observed for cause-specific mortality. LIMITATIONS: Observational study with single baseline measurement of life satisfaction precludes the ability to establish causal relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Higher overall life satisfaction was associated with lower mortality. As the major contributor to lower mortality regardless of physical health and sociodemographics, health satisfaction could be an important target of positive psychological interventions for longevity.

A novel detection method for wheat aging based on the delayed luminescence.

Wheat aging plays an important role in assessing storage wheat quality and its subsequent processing purposes. The conventional detection methods for wheat aging are mainly involved in chemical techniques, which are time-consuming as well as waste part of wheat samples for each detection. Although some physical detection methods have obtained gratifying results, it is extremely hard to expand their application fields but to stay in the theory stage. For this reason, a novel nondestructive detection model for wheat aging based on the delayed luminescence (DL) has been proposed in this paper. Specifically, after collecting enough sample data, we first took advantage of certain hyperbolic function to fit DL signal, and then used four parameters of the hyperbolic function to feature the decay trend of the DL signal. Secondly, in order to better feature the DL signal, we extracted other six features together with above four features to form the input feature vector. Finally, as the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network lacked error-correcting performance, the Bi-LSTM network based on Walsh coding (Walsh-Bi-LSTM) mechanism was proposed to establish the detection model, which made the detection model have the error-correcting performance by reasonably splitting the multi-classification target task. Shown by experimental results, the newly proposed wheat aging detection model is able to achieve 94.00% accuracy in the testing dataset, which can be used as a green and nondestructive method to timely reflect wheat aging states.

History and Clinical Application of Classic Famous Formula Danggui Sinitang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Danggui Sinitang is first recorded in the Treatise on Cold Damage written by ZHANG Zhongjing in the Han dynasty. It is composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Tetrapanacis Medulla， and Jujubae Fructus and serves as a classic formula for treating the syndrome of blood deficiency and cold reversal. This study systematically reviews the records of Danggui Sinitang in ancient Chinese medicine books of various dynasties and the modern clinical applications to probe into the composition， plant species， processing， dosage， decocting method， and indications of Danggui Sinitang， aiming to provide a reference for the development and clinical application of this classic formula. The review of the records showed that there were a variety of records of Danggui Sinitang with different composition， and the composition of this formula listed in the Treatise on Cold Damage has a significant impact on later generations and has been used by medical practitioners throughout history. Although the dosage of some drugs decreased during the Ming and Qing dynasties， the medical practitioners continued to use the original formula. In terms of processing， although there were slight changes in the processing of Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， and Tetrapanacis Medulla， the original processing method was inherited. In terms of indications， Danggui Sinitang was designed to treat cold reversal due to blood deficiency and dysentery. Furthermore， it was used to treat headache， convulsive disease， infantile convulsion， and private part adduction in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Nowadays， this formula is mostly used to treat diabetes peripheral neuropathy， rheumatoid arthritis， dysmenorrhea， Raynaud's disease and other diseases. In terms of precautions， ancient physicians believed that Danggui Sinitang should not be taken by pregnant women and should only be used for limb chills caused by blood deficiency and cold coagulation. For limb chills caused by other reasons， this formula should not be used indiscriminately. Modern research has not reported any serious adverse reactions related to this formula. Danggui Sinitang has a definite therapeutic effect. In subsequent research and development， quality control standards of Danggui Sinitang should be established while its safety is ensured， and the related preparations should be developed and applied.

Usage and Dosage Analysis and Countermeasures for Development of Compound Preparations of Han Dynasty Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In order to provide a reference basis for the development of relevant compound preparations， this article takes a comprehensive analysis of the usage and dosage of famous classical formulas in Han dynasty from various perspectives， and gives corresponding countermeasures on this basis. Through the comprehensive analysis of the classification and statistics of Zhongjing's medication characteristics， decoction methods， administration and dosage， and combining conversion methods of weights and measures by ancient medical practitioners， along with the dosage and administration of the listed Han dynasty famous classical formulas， it was found that the "Jiangxi method" served as a general guideline for administration according to Zhongjing's original text. This method allowed for flexible dosing based on the conversion of the ancient measurements to modern equivalents［13.8 g per Liang（两）］， ensuring the safe and effective medication of these formulas. After combing， it is found that although the dosage of single medicine is large in famous classical formulas from Han dynasty， the administration is flexible. The crude drug amount per administration serves as the foundational dose， with the frequency of administration adjusted flexibly according to the condition. This dosing approach becomes the key for the rational development of compound formulations of famous classical formulas. Based on the conclusions of the study， it is recommended that when developing compound formulations of famous classical formulas in Han dynasty， the original administration method and dosage should be respected. The original crude drug amount per administration should be considered as the daily foundational dose， with the frequency of administration described within a range（1 to N times per day， where N is the maximum number of administrations as per the original text）. The specific frequency of administration can be adjusted flexibly by clinical practitioners based on the individual condition. This approach should also be adopted in toxicological studies， where the dosage per administration serves as the basis for toxicity research， and the toxicity profile at the maximum administration frequency should be observed， providing guidance on the clinical safety range. Corresponding drug labels should provide information within a range to indicate toxicological risk intervals.

Cross-Linking Methods of the Silk Protein Hydrogel in Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Tissue Regeneration

BACKGROUND@#Craniomaxillofacial tissue defects are clinical defects involving craniomaxillofacial and oral soft and hard tissues.They are characterized by defect-shaped irregularities, bacterial and inflammatory environments, and the need for functional recovery.Conventional clinical treatments are currently unable to achieve regeneration of high-quality oral craniomaxillofacial tissue. As a natural biomaterial, silk fibroin (SF) has been widely studied in biomedicine and has broad prospects for use in tissue regeneration.Hydrogels made of SF showed excellent water retention, biocompatibility, safety and the ability to combine with other materials. @*METHODS@#To gain an in-depth understanding of the current development of SF, this article reviews the structure, preparation and application prospects in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regenerative medicine. It first briefly introduces the structure of SF and then summarizes the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the different cross-linking methods (physical cross-linking, chemical cross-linking and double network structure) of SF. Finally, the existing research on the use of SF in tissue engineering and the prospects of using SF with different cross-linking methods in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regeneration are also discussed. @*CONCLUSIONS@#This review is intended to show the advantages of SF hydrogels in tissue engineering and provides theoretical support for establishing novel and viable silk protein hydrogels for regeneration.

Precise Clinical Positioning of Chinese Patent Medicine in Paradigm of "Target Spectral Effect of Prescription"： A Case Study of Qizhi Tongluo Capsules / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The clinical value of Chinese patent medicine is the core direction of the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry. The precise clinical positioning determines the way to prove the value of the drug， and is a key link to highlight the clinical value. This paper presented a case study of clinical positioning for Chinese patent medicine， namely Qizhi Tongluo capsules， and the key technical framework of precise clinical positioning of Chinese patent medicine， which was manifested as a comparison of prescription target spectral effect， discovery of core value of prescription， and confirmation of clinical positioning trial. The technical framework was designed to address a range of issues in the realm of precise clinical positioning. Before the clinical positioning trial， based on the multi-component， multi-target， and multi-phenotype data of prescription and clinical indication， the multi-omics network analysis technology was used to identify the core value of the traditional Chinese medicine varieties and predict the potential clinical advantages. Then， based on the predicted clinical advantages， reasonable efficacy indicators were selected， and the clinical efficacy was judged and verified by dynamic and flexible innovative clinical trials to improve the success rate of clinical positioning. This research paradigm integrates "omics technology" with "evidence-based" principles and follows the "precise evidence-based" concept. This research aims to provide a new strategy and method for the precise medication and positioning of Chinese patent medicine with traditional Chinese medicine characteristics after being put into the market and provide more technical thinking for traditional Chinese medicine to move towards precise medicine.

Risk factors for prolonged length of stay in post-anesthesia care unit and development of a prediction model in patients undergoing radical esophagectomy / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To identify the risk factors for prolonged length of stay in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU-LOS) and development of a prediction model in the patients undergoing radical esophagectomy.Methods:The medical records from patients of both sexes, aged 40-80 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classificationⅠ-Ⅲ, transferred to PACU with tracheal intubation after radical esophagectomy under general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020, were retrospectively collected. The patient′s age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification, smoking history, drinking history, history of non-thoracic surgery, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, preoperative anemia, respiratory diseases, doses of anesthetics, preoperative nerve block, intraoperative consumption of opioids and dexmedetomidine, operation method (thoracotomy and endoscopic surgery), operation time, usage of vascular drugs, bradycardia, hypotension, red blood cell infusion, plasma infusion, total infusion volume, blood loss and urine volume were collected. The extubation time in PACU, visual analog scale scores at rest at 10 min after extubation, consumption of rescue analgesics in PACU, hypoxemia after extubation, and occurrence of nausea and vomiting were also collected. Patients were divided into PACU-LOS normal group (PACU-LOS≤2 h) and PACU-LOS prolonged group (PACU-LOS>2 h) according to the PACU-LOS. Logistic regression analysis was used to identity the risk factors for prolonged PACU-LOS in the patients undergoing radical esophagectomy, and the predictive model was established and verified. The receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the model discrimination and Hosmer-Lemshow goodness-of-fit test was used to evaluate the consistency of the model.Results:A total of 943 patients were included in this study, and the incidence of prolonged PACU-LOS was 15.7%. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( OR=4.900, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 2.512-9.556), increasing age ( OR=22.154, 95% CI 6.736-73.003), prolonged time of extubation ( OR=1.214, 95% CI 1.174-1.256) and hypoxemia after extubation ( OR=4.891, 95% CI 2.167-11.039) were risk factors for prolonged PACU-LOS, and the preoperative use of nerve block ( OR=0.358, 95% CI 0.190-0.672) was a protective factor for prolonged PACU-LOS in the patients undergoing radical esophagectomy ( P<0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% CI) was 0.947 (0.925-0.963), the sensitivity was 0.878, and the specificity was 0.906. The internal validation of the prediction model was carried out using the receiver operating characteristic curve in the validation set, and the area under the curve (95% CI) was 0.942 (0.895-0.942, P<0.001) and the Youden index was 0.784. The line chart prediction model was developed. The prediction analysis model was verified by Hosmer-Lemshow test, P<0.001, and the C-index visualized line chart prediction model was 0.946. Conclusions:Preoperative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, increasing age, prolonged time of extubation and hypoxemia after extubation are risk factors for prolonged PACU-LOS, and preoperative use of nerve block is a protective factor for prolonged PACU-LOS. The risk prediction model developed can effectively predict the occurrence of prolonged PACU-LOS in the patients undergoing radical esophagectomy.

Overview of Sample Delivery Methods for Serial Crystallography / 生物化学与生物物理进展

The sample delivery method is one of the key steps in implementing serial femtosecond crystallography research using X-ray free-electron lasers. Serial femtosecond crystallography can effectively capture the ultrafast dynamic processes of biological molecules, such as protein conformational changes and intermediate states in chemical reactions. It is of great significance for scientists to better understand the structure and function of biological molecules, reveal the mechanisms of life activities, and provide important technical means for drug development and biotechnology. When conducting experiments at X-ray free-electron laser beamline station, it is crucial to transport the samples to the region where it interacts with the free-electron laser pulses. The choice of suitable sample delivery method plays a decisive role in the sample consumption and experimental efficiency, and it is also an important factor for the success or failure of the experiment. This article reviews the latest research progress and future development directions of sample delivery methods in serial crystallography. It also introduces commonly used sample delivery methods and their applicable ranges, aiming to provide reference and guidance for scientists engaged in serial crystallography research. The sample transport methods of free electron lasers mainly include liquid injection and fixed target sample transport. The liquid injection method is achieved through various liquid sample injectors. The aqueous solution is driven by a peristaltic pump on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) into a sample storage, and the aqueous solution pushes the piston in the sample storage to extrude the sample solution into the sample transport pipeline, and finally sprays it out through the nozzle to reach the XFEL interaction region. For micro-nano crystals,3 preparation methods are introduced, including free interface diffusion method, seeding method, and batch crystallization, and characterization methods are also introduced. For the requirements of high sample transmission efficiency and low sample consumption, a gas-based liquid flow transport method is introduced, which is based on the principle of focusing the sample jet by coaxial gas to form a jet with a small diameter and fast flow rate. At the same time, the extended double flow focusing nozzle and mixed injection nozzle are briefly described. For samples in viscous media, a high viscosity liquid injection device is introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of different media are explained and exemplified. In addition, the principle and example of electrostatic spinning injector and piezoelectric driven droplet injection technology applied to low-velocity serial crystallography experiments are also introduced. For the above liquid injection methods, a characterization method using a coaxial microscope or side-view microscope to measure the diameter and stable length of the liquid flow is introduced. Compared with the liquid injection method, the fixed target method is to fix the crystal on a support chip with a periodic array structure, and collect data through scanning. The working principle, sample environment, support materials, etc. of the fixed target method are briefly introduced in the article. With the advancement and development of technologies such as free electron lasers and detectors, various sampling methods for serial crystallography are constantly being innovated and optimized. By selecting appropriate sample delivery methods, it will be possible to improve experimental efficiency, reduce sample consumption, and open up new possibilities for researchers in the field of structural biology of biomacromolecules.

Multiple antibodies against -E, -c, -M, and -S: a case report / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To identify antibody specificity in an elderly patient with hydronephrosis accompanied by ureteral stones and shock who had multiple antibodies. 【Methods】 Microcolumn gel method was used to screen unexpected antibodies of red blood cells and identify antibodies. Enzyme method and antibody absorption method were used to help judge the specificity of antibodies in patients.The ABO blood type, Rh blood type and MNS blood type of patient were determined by saline tube method. 【Results】 The patient′s blood types were O, CCDee, NNss, and a combination of anti-E, anti-c, anti-M and anti-S antibodies was detected. 【Conclusion】 Repeated blood transfusion may lead to the presence of one or more unexpected antibodies in patients. Patients with multiple or high-frequency antibodies may experience difficulties in identification and delayed blood use.

Analysis of obesity factors among public primary school students in a town， Minhang District， Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo identify and analyze the possible influencing factors of obesity among public primary school students in Minhang District， Shanghai. MethodsBasic data， collected through questionnaire stars， was imported with merged physical examination data into Excel to form a database. Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 22.00. Independent sample t-test was used for the data with normal distribution. Nonparametric test was used for the data with non-normal distribution. χ2 test was used for the quantitative data. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. ResultsAccording to the national physical health standards for students （revised in 2014） ， the prevalence rate of obesity among primary school students in Minhang district was 29.63% . The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32.1% in boys and 26.9% in girls. The trend of overweight and obesity in different grades was similar among different genders .A single factor analysis showed that， being the only child （χ2=9.300， P<0.01） ， father obesity（χ2=106.417， P<0.001） or mother obesity（χ2=118.534， P<0.001） ， mother's overweight during pregnancy （χ2=159.731， P<0.001） ， caregiver's role as grandparents （χ2=38.736， P<0.001） ， low education level （χ2=111.309， P<0.001） had effects on overweight and obesity of children while the differences had statistical significance. Pupil's bad eating habit （χ2=18.905，P<0.001） and preference （χ2=22.901， P<0.001） ， insufficient sleep time （χ2=61.685， P<0.001） ， long-time using of electronic products （χ2=37.182， P<0.001） and low-time of exercise （χ2=15.328， P<0.001） also affected the obesity of primary school students. Among the five factors of family， diet， psychology， static state and dynamic state， the influencing factors of obesity in primary school students from grade one to grade four were being the only child， obese father and/or mother， overweight mother during pregnancy， caregivers without higher education. In terms of diet， it was mainly based on eating habits before bedtime， as well as partial and picky eating habits. In terms of psychology， the main psychological source was the pressure of learning in school. There was a clear relationship between the pace of learning and not keeping up. Static analysis revealed a correlation with lack of sleep. After assigning values based on eye hygiene recommendations for the use of electronic products， it was found that there was no direct correlation between obesity in primary school students and the duration of electronic product use. Dynamic analysis showed that not taking part in school physical exercise was related to obesity. ConclusionThe obesity of primary school students is influenced by family， diet， psychology， static and dynamic factors. The intervention of obesity in primary school needs the joint efforts of school， society， family， self-cognition and so on.

Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for pyroptosis after spinal cord injury / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Cell death and neuroinflammation are two important targets in the treatment of spinal cord injury.Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death closely related to neuroinflammation and targeted inhibition of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury is a promising therapeutic strategy. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the molecular mechanism,positive and negative regulatory factors and therapeutic strategies of pyroptosis in spinal cord injury. METHODS:The search terms were"spinal cord injury,pyroptosis,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),Caspase,Gasdermin D(GSDMD),IL-1β,IL-18"and 93 English literatures included in PubMed and Web of Science were finally selected for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:As a newly discovered programmed cell death,pyroptosis has been shown to play an important role in the secondary injury stage after spinal cord injury.Among the regulatory factors of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury,CD73,NRF2,GDF-11,dopamine,FANCC and miR-423-5P could inhibit pyroptosis,while TLR4 and Aopps could promote pyroptosis.In terms of treatment,the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine(paeonol,tripterine,betulinic acid,piperine,kaempferol,and camptothecin),exosomes of various cell origins,and some drugs(metformin,topotecan,lithium,zinc,and carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 3)can effectively inhibit pyroptosis and reduce secondary spinal cord injury,but the toxicity and specific dose of these drugs need to be further studied.The specific molecular mechanism by which pyroptosis aggravates spinal cord injury is still poorly understood.The role of non-classical pathways and other inflammasomes is worth further exploration.At present,the research on pyroptosis after spinal cord injury only stays at the animal experiment stage.There are no related clinical studies and no approved targeted therapeutic drugs.(6)The application of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury has great potential,and its specific regulatory mechanism should be further studied in the future to provide a new target for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Mining pharmacovigilance signals for asthma adverse events in underage population based on the FAERS database / 药物流行病学杂志

Objective To conduct data mining of asthma-inducing medications in underage populations based on the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,so as to provide reference for the clinical application of related medications.Methods Adverse drug event(ADE)reports from the first quarter of 2013 to the fourth quarter of 2022 in the FAERS database were collected and screened for reports of asthma adverse events in the this population(under 18 years old),which were categorized into infants,toddlers,children,and adolescents according to different age groups,and were subjected to medication signal mining by using the reporting odds ratio method,the composite standardized method,and the information component method.Results A total of 1 915 reports were obtained after screening,involving 1 042(54.41％)males and 831(43.39％)females;the highest percentage of the reporting population was between 12 and under 18 years old,with a total of 762(39.79％);60.78％of the reports were reported by health professionals;and the results of the clinical referrals showed that serious adverse events occurred in 85.90％of the cases.306 suspected drugs were screened,52 drugs were determined to be valid signals,and 1 044 adverse events were reported,of which 16 drug inserts did not mention the risk of asthma,in order of elosulfatase alpha,canakinumab,tobramycin,vancomycin,ceftriaxone,cetirizine,phenylephrine,imiglucerase,cefuroxime,betamethasone,atropine,tadalafil,riscovastatin,cyclophosphamide,octreotide,and omeprazole.Conclusion The FAERS database was mined for adverse drug event signals and evaluated using the proportional disequilibrium method to identify 16 medicines that may trigger pharmacogenetic asthma and are not documented in the specification,which can be used to provide a good early warning for the clinic.At the same time,focusing on special populations,strengthening the assessment of lung function before medication and monitoring during and after medication,timely interventions were taken to reduce the harm of drug-derived adverse reactions and ensure the safe use of medication.

Data mining of hematological adverse events related to antibody-drug conjugate based on FAERS / 药物流行病学杂志

Objective Based on the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,data mining was conducted on hematological adverse events related to antibody drug conjugates(ADC),providing reference for the safe use of ADC drugs in clinical practice.Methods The report data from the third quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2022 were retrieved from the FAERS database.After data cleaning such as deduplication and name standardization,extract hematological adverse events related to ADC,and use report odds ratio method and the information component method for signal detection.Results A total of 101 610 adverse event reports were extracted,with 8 ADC drugs as the primary suspected drugs,and 5 768 ADC related hematological adverse event reports.Among them,3 423 cases of agranulocytosis were involved,and the signal intensity from strong to weak were sacituzumab govitecan(SG),gemtuzumab ozogamicin(GO),brentuximab vedotin(BV),polatuzumab vedotin(PV),enfortumab vedotin(EV),trastuzumab deruxtecan(TD),inotuzumab ozogamicin(IO)and ado-trastuzumab emtansine(TDM-1).There were 2 327 cases hematopoietic cell deficiency,with signals ranging from strong to weak were IO,SG,BV,EV,PV,TD,TDM-1,and GO.Report with clinical outcome of death of ADC drug related hematological adverse events included BV 179(16.84％),TDM-1 102(13.01％),TD 88(27.08％),GO 12(16.90％),IO 8(11.59％),EV 54(24.32％),PV 22(27.16％),and SG 84(21.05％).Adverse event time analysis showed that the number of events on the first day of TD,IO,and SG medication accounts for ≥ 40％of the total number of cases.The median time of hematological adverse events in TD,GO,IO,EV,PV,and SG was within one treatment course(21 days).Conclusion Attention should be paid to the risk of ADC drug-related hematological adverse event,during the clinical medication process,blood cell count changes should be closely monitored,and any abnormalities should be promptly diagnosed and treated.

Quality Analysis of Schefflera kwangsiensis Merr.Based on HPLC Fingerprinting Combined with Chemometrics / 医药导报

Objective Based on HPLC fingerprinting and chemometrics,to evaluate the quality of Schefflera kwangsiensis Merr.from Guangxi.Methods HPLC was used to establish fingerprints of Schefflera kwangsiensis Merr.from ten different origins,and gradient elution was carried out with methanol-0.1％phosphoric acid aqueous solution as mobile phase.Cluster analysis(CA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were applied to evaluate quality.Results The fingerprints of Schefflera kwangsiensis Merr.from ten different origins were established by HPLC,a total of 22 common peaks were calibrated,with a similarity range of 0.922-0.999.Four chromatographic peaks were identified as rhodopsin,4,5-bis-O-caffeoylquinic acid,caffeic acid,and naringin.The samples were classified into four types according to the CA and OPLS-DA.PCA identified four principal components with a cumulative contribution rare of 95.39％.Conclusion The quality of Schefflera kwangsiensis Merr.can be comprehensively evaluated by fingerprinting combined with CA,PCA and OPLS-DA analysis.The Study can provide a reference for improving the quality control and assessment of Schefflera kwangsiensis Merr.

Assessment of respiratory protection competency of staff in healthcare facilities / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To understand the respiratory protection competency of staff in hospitals.Methods Staff from six hospitals of different levels and characteristics in Beijing were selected,including doctors,nurses,medical technicians,and servicers,to conduct knowledge assessment on respiratory protection competency.According to exposure risks of respiratory infectious diseases,based on actual cases and daily work scenarios,content of respira-tory protection competency assessment was designed from three aspects:identification of respiratory infectious di-seases,transmission routes and corresponding protection requirements,as well as correct selection and use of masks.The assessment included 6,6,and 8 knowledge points respectively,with 20 knowledge points in total,all of which were choice questions.For multiple-choice questions,full marks,partial marks,and no mark were given respective-ly if all options were correct,partial options were correct and without incorrect options,and partial options were correct but with incorrect options.Difficulty and discrimination analyses on question of each knowledge point was conducted based on classical test theory.Results The respiratory protection competency knowledge assessment for 326 staff members at different risk levels in 6 hospitals showed that concerning the 20 knowledge points,more than 60％participants got full marks for 6 points,while the proportion of full marks for other questions was relatively low.Less than 10％participants got full marks for the following 5 knowledge points:types of airborne diseases,types of droplet-borne diseases,conventional measures for the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infec-tion with respiratory infectious diseases,indications for wearing respirators,and indications for wearing medical protective masks.Among the 20 knowledge questions,5,1,and 14 questions were relatively easy,medium,and difficult,respectively;6,1,4,and 9 questions were with discrimination levels of ≥0.4,0.30-0.39,0.20-0.29,and ≤0.19,respectively.Conclusion There is still much room for hospital staff to improve their respiratory protection competency,especially in the recognition of diseases with different transmission routes and the indications for wearing different types of masks.