Subject(s)
Estradiol/blood , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Immunoassay/methods , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Progesterone/blood , Adult , Calibration , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Fertilization in Vitro , Humans , Indicators and Reagents , Ligands , Linear Models , Luminescent Measurements , Menstrual Cycle , Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome/blood , Ovulation/physiology , Pregnancy , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors , User-Computer InterfaceSubject(s)
Blood Preservation , Estradiol/blood , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Progesterone/blood , Adult , Centrifugation , Confidence Intervals , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Humans , Immunologic Techniques , Luminescent Measurements , Pregnancy , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Agricultural losses of phosphorus (P) in runoff are a primary cause of eutrophication in many freshwater systems. A modified version of the P Index originally developed jointly by the USDA (Agricultural Research Service [ARS], Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [CSREES], and Natural Resources Conservation Service [NRCS]) was used to prioritize P loss vulnerability at the regional scale from 60 watersheds located within Minnesota using readily available data related to the transport and sources of P. This modified version of the P Index was created for a regionally based analysis of the index. Validation of the P Index rating was conducted using long-term water quality monitoring data consisting of total P concentrations collected from watersheds and lakes. The modified version of the P Index produced a strong correlation between P Index rating and total P stream monitoring data in watersheds (r2 = 0.70) excluding the Red River Basin. An equally strong relationship was observed between P Index rating and lake water quality (r2 = 0.68) using the modified P Index. The P Index ratings for the Red River Basin showed good correlation with observed total P stream monitoring data (r2 = 0.51); however, the P Index ratings were smaller than in other basins. The results of this study suggest that, with certain limitations, the P Index can be used at the regional scale to prioritize P loss vulnerability using state and national databases. Regional P Index ratings represent the average risk for agricultural land within the entire watershed.