ABSTRACT
SAR86 denotes a 16S clade of gammaproteobacteria that are ubiquitous in ocean surface waters. So far, SAR86 is resistant to cultivation; thus, little is known about the genome contents or physiology of this clade. Recently, four partial genome sequences for SAR86 subclades I and II were published. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of a single cell from SAR86 subgroup IIIa isolated from coastal waters in San Diego, CA.
ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of Geobacter sulfurreducens, a delta-proteobacterium, reveals unsuspected capabilities, including evidence of aerobic metabolism, one-carbon and complex carbon metabolism, motility, and chemotactic behavior. These characteristics, coupled with the possession of many two-component sensors and many c-type cytochromes, reveal an ability to create alternative, redundant, electron transport networks and offer insights into the process of metal ion reduction in subsurface environments. As well as playing roles in the global cycling of metals and carbon, this organism clearly has the potential for use in bioremediation of radioactive metals and in the generation of electricity.
Subject(s)
Genome, Bacterial , Geobacter/genetics , Geobacter/metabolism , Metals/metabolism , Acetates/metabolism , Acetyl Coenzyme A/metabolism , Aerobiosis , Anaerobiosis , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Carbon/metabolism , Chemotaxis , Chromosomes, Bacterial/genetics , Cytochromes c/genetics , Cytochromes c/metabolism , Electron Transport , Energy Metabolism , Genes, Bacterial , Genes, Regulator , Geobacter/physiology , Hydrogen/metabolism , Movement , Open Reading Frames , Oxidation-Reduction , PhylogenyABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis V583, a vancomycin-resistant clinical isolate, revealed that more than a quarter of the genome consists of probable mobile or foreign DNA. One of the predicted mobile elements is a previously unknown vanB vancomycin-resistance conjugative transposon. Three plasmids were identified, including two pheromone-sensing conjugative plasmids, one encoding a previously undescribed pheromone inhibitor. The apparent propensity for the incorporation of mobile elements probably contributed to the rapid acquisition and dissemination of drug resistance in the enterococci.
Subject(s)
Biological Evolution , Enterococcus faecalis/genetics , Genome, Bacterial , Interspersed Repetitive Sequences , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Vancomycin Resistance/genetics , Adhesins, Bacterial/genetics , Bacterial Adhesion , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Carrier Proteins/metabolism , Chromosomes, Bacterial/genetics , Conjugation, Genetic , Conserved Sequence , DNA Transposable Elements , Digestive System/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Enterococcus faecalis/drug effects , Enterococcus faecalis/pathogenicity , Enterococcus faecalis/physiology , Gene Transfer, Horizontal , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Humans , Lysogeny , Open Reading Frames , Oxidative Stress , Plasmids , Synteny , Virulence/genetics , Virulence Factors/geneticsABSTRACT
Pseudomonas putida is a metabolically versatile saprophytic soil bacterium that has been certified as a biosafety host for the cloning of foreign genes. The bacterium also has considerable potential for biotechnological applications. Sequence analysis of the 6.18 Mb genome of strain KT2440 reveals diverse transport and metabolic systems. Although there is a high level of genome conservation with the pathogenic Pseudomonad Pseudomonas aeruginosa (85% of the predicted coding regions are shared), key virulence factors including exotoxin A and type III secretion systems are absent. Analysis of the genome gives insight into the non-pathogenic nature of P. putida and points to potential new applications in agriculture, biocatalysis, bioremediation and bioplastic production.
