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1.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 369(1): 28-39, 2012 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22209580

ABSTRACT

The hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of a variety of commercial TiO(2) nanoparticles (NP), to be employed as inorganic filters in sunscreen lotions, were investigated both as such (dry powders) and dispersed in aqueous media. Water uptake and the related interaction energy have been determined by means of adsorption microcalorimetry of H(2)O vapor, whereas dispersion features in aqueous solutions were investigated by dynamic light scattering and electrokinetic measurements (zeta potential). The optimized dispersions in cell culture medium were employed to assess the possible in vitro neuro-toxicological effect on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells upon exposure to TiO(2)-NP, as a function of crystal phase, surface area and coating. All investigated materials, with the only exception of the uncoated rutile, were found to induce apoptosis on DRG cells; the inorganic/organic surface coating was found not to protect against the TiO(2)-induced apoptosis. The risk profile for DRG cells, which varies for the uncoated samples in the same sequence as the photo-catalytic activity of the different polymorphs: anatase-rutile>anatase>>rutile, was found not to be correlated with the surface hydrophilicity of the uncoated/coated specimens. Aggregates/agglomerates hydrodynamic diameter was comprised in the ~200-400 nm range, compatible with the internalization within DRG cells.


Subject(s)
Ganglia, Spinal/cytology , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Nanoparticles/toxicity , Titanium/chemistry , Titanium/toxicity , Animals , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Chick Embryo , Crystallization , Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects , Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions , Models, Molecular , Surface Properties
2.
Orig Life Evol Biosph ; 34(1-2): 69-77, 2004 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14979645

ABSTRACT

Adsorption enthalpies of Ar, N2, CO, H2O, CH3CN and NH3 on H-BEA and H-MFI zeolites and on Silicalite, have been measured calorimetrically at 303K in order to assess the energetic features of dispersive forces interactions (confinement effects), H-bonding interactions with surface silanols and specific interactions with Lewis and Brønsted acidic sites. The adsorption of the molecular probes with model clusters mimicking surface silanols, Lewis and Brønsted sites has been simulated at ab-initio level. The combined use of the two different approaches allowed to discriminate among the different processes contributing to the measured (-deltaadsH). Whereas CO and N2 single out contributions from Lewis and Brønsted acidic sites, Ar is only sensitive to confinement effects. For H2O, CH3CN and NH3 the adsorption on Brønsted sites is competitive with the adsorption on Lewis sites. The energy of interaction of H2O with all considered zeolites is surprisingly higher than expected on the basis of -deltaadsH vs PA correlation.


Subject(s)
Thermodynamics , Zeolites/chemistry , Calorimetry/methods , Hydrogen Bonding , Models, Molecular , Nanotechnology
3.
Santiago; Chile. Ministerio de Salud (MINSAL). Departamento de Asuntos de Emergencia y Catástrofes; jul. 1999. [130] p. ilus, tab.
Non-conventional in Es | Desastres -Disasters- | ID: des-12522

ABSTRACT

El presente texto es la culminación del trabajo de investigación realizado en 1998 en los distintos hospitales, que permitió establecer las principales debilidades en este tema, logrando orientar las recomendaciones de este documento. Es un libro eminentemente técnico, su fácil lectura permite que sea comprendido por el conjunto de lectores interesados, lográndose así, conocer este tipo de amenaza y su forma de actuar preventivamente frente a ella. Los primeros capítulos indican los elementos necesarios para que exista una combustión y la manera de controlarla; en los siguientes se establecen los principales elementos de prevención, de combate del fuego una vez que éste se produce, los sistemas de evacuación y la adecuada organización que debe existir en los establecimientos, la que debe estar a cargo de las máximas autoridades a fin de poder ejecutar con éxito las acciones anteriormente señaladas. El manual tiene anexos con pautas de acreditación y de evaluación de simulacros, las que se espera sean de real utilidad y práctica normal


Subject(s)
Health Facilities , Fires , Disaster Planning , Fire Extinguishing Systems , Strategic Evacuation , 28574 , Chile , Disasters , Firemen and Policemen in Disasters , Organization and Administration , Disaster Emergencies , Risk Management , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment , Hospitals , Security Measures , 34661 , 32408 , Accident Prevention
4.
Santiago; s.n; jul. 1999. [130] p. ilus, tab.
Non-conventional in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-263907

ABSTRACT

El presente texto es la culminación del trabajo de investigación realizado en 1998 en los distintos hospitales, que permitió establecer las principales debilidades en este tema, logrando orientar las recomendaciones de este documento. Es un libro eminentemente técnico, su fácil lectura permite que sea comprendido por el conjunto de lectores interesados, lográndose así, conocer este tipo de amenaza y su forma de actuar preventivamente frente a ella. Los primeros capítulos indican los elementos necesarios para que exista una combustión y la manera de controlarla; en los siguientes se establecen los principales elementos de prevención, de combate del fuego una vez que éste se produce, los sistemas de evacuación y la adecuada organización que debe existir en los establecimientos, la que debe estar a cargo de las máximas autoridades a fin de poder ejecutar con éxito las acciones anteriormente señaladas. El manual tiene anexos con pautas de acreditación y de evaluación de simulacros, las que se espera sean de real utilidad y práctica normal


Subject(s)
Disaster Planning , Strategic Evacuation , Fire Extinguishing Systems , Fires , Health Facilities , Accident Prevention , Chile , Disaster Emergencies , Firemen and Policemen in Disasters , Hospitals , Organization and Administration , Risk Factors , Security Measures
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