Social networks as education strategies for indigenous patients with rheumatoid arthritis during COVID-19 pandemic. Are they useful?

INTRODUCTION: The use of online education strategies has been introduced as a tool to support health care in patients with rheumatic disease. However, it is important to consider the patient's sociocultural environment. OBJECTIVE: To design and assessment of bilingual audiovisual material acceptability, by means of two social networks, for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the qom community in Argentina. METHODS: A qualitative study was performed in two stages: (1) audiovisual material design, development, and validation implementing a collaborative action research method. (2) Publishing of the material on two social networks at two different times. The selected topic was the coronavirus disease 2019 impact on patients with RA. A qualitative and quantitative data analysis was performed. RESULTS: Forty subjects participated into the initial validation stage with a 70% acceptance rate. First, 28 subjects (70%) participated on Facebook and 25 (62.5%) joined the WhatsApp group. Then, the same number of subjects participated on Facebook, while only 45% of subjects participated on WhatsApp. Most of them participated using short phrases such as "I like it." The 60% of the participants played the videos. However, less than 10% shared them. Videos in Spanish were the once most shared. Participation dramatically fell during the second time, and 40% of the WhatsApp subjects never participated. CONCLUSION: The strategies developed for this indigenous community were of no utility, probably because of socio-cultural, economic, and digital barriers. They should be designed and implemented identifying the target group and its environment. Key Points • Online education strategies should be designed with cultural sensitivity. • Technological barriers make digital inequality visible in vulnerable groups. • Educational interventions should have a collaborative design and they should be created together with the communities. • The COVID-19 pandemic has deepened inequalities in the health care and follow-up of patients with rheumatic diseases, especially between most socially and economically disadvantaged groups.

Preventing COVID-19 as a nursing student through social networks in their family-social environment.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze and understand COVID-19 prevention by nursing students through social networks in their family-social environment. METHOD: a qualitative descriptive-interpretative study, developed in the nursing school of a public university in Lima, Peru, from October to December 2020. Students from the fourth and fifth year of studies participated. Data were collected with the technique of focus groups (2) and analyzed with thematic content analysis. RESULTS: two categories emerged: Using various social networks in times of pandemic; Considering themselves trained for COVID-19 prevention through social networks in their family-social circle. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: nursing students carry out COVID-19 prevention in their family-social circle through social networks, showing satisfaction in the transmission of knowledge, considering the people's physical-emotional condition and local health status, perceiving themselves as agents of change, seeking people empowerment.

Preventing COVID-19 as a nursing student through social networks in their family-social environment / Prevenindo a COVID-19 como estudante de enfermagem por meio de redes sociais em seu ambiente familiar-social / Previniendo el COVID-19 como estudiante de enfermería mediante redes sociales en su entorno familiar-social

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze and understand COVID-19 prevention by nursing students through social networks in their family-social environment. Method: a qualitative descriptive-interpretative study, developed in the nursing school of a public university in Lima, Peru, from October to December 2020. Students from the fourth and fifth year of studies participated. Data were collected with the technique of focus groups (2) and analyzed with thematic content analysis. Results: two categories emerged: Using various social networks in times of pandemic; Considering themselves trained for COVID-19 prevention through social networks in their family-social circle. Final considerations: nursing students carry out COVID-19 prevention in their family-social circle through social networks, showing satisfaction in the transmission of knowledge, considering the people's physical-emotional condition and local health status, perceiving themselves as agents of change, seeking people empowerment.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar e compreender a prevenção da COVID-19 por estudantes de enfermagem por meio das redes sociais em seu ambiente familiar-social. Método: estudo qualitativo descritivo-interpretativo, desenvolvido na escola de enfermagem de uma universidade pública em Lima-Peru, de outubro a dezembro de 2020. Participaram alunos do quarto e quinto ano de estudos. Os dados foram coletados com a técnica de grupos focais (2) e analisados com análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: Utilizando diversas redes sociais em tempos de pandemia; Considerando-se capacitados para a prevenção da COVID-19 por meio das redes sociais em seu círculo familiar-social. Considerações finais: os acadêmicos de enfermagem realizam a prevenção da COVID-19 em seu círculo familiar-social por meio das redes sociais, demonstrando satisfação na transmissão do conhecimento, considerando a condição físico-emocional das pessoas e o estado de saúde local, percebendo-se como agentes de mudança, buscando o empoderamento das pessoas.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar y comprender la prevención del COVID-19 por las estudiantes de enfermería mediante redes sociales en su entorno familiar-social. Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo-interpretativo, desarrollada en la escuela de enfermería de una universidad pública en Lima-Perú, de octubre a diciembre del 2020. Participaron estudiantes del cuarto y quinto año de estudios, se recolectaron los datos con la técnica de grupos focales (2) y se analizaron con el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: emergieron 2 categorías: Utilizando diversas redes sociales en tiempos de pandemia; Considerándose capacitadas para la prevención del COVID-19 por redes sociales en su círculo familiar-social. Consideraciones finales: las estudiantes de enfermería realizan la prevención del COVID-19 en su círculo familiar-social mediante redes sociales, mostrando satisfacción en la transmisión de conocimientos, considerando la condición física-emocional de las personas y el estado sanitario local, percibiéndose como agentes de cambio, procurando el empoderamiento de las personas.

Access to healthcare system of indigenous communities with musculoskeletal disorders and rheumatic disease in Chaco, Argentina: a qualitative study.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to describe the local healthcare system from the perspective of the health professionals, community health workers, and local representatives of the qom community living in the province of Chaco, Argentina. METHODS: A qualitative study, with an ethnographic approach, was carried out using two techniques: non-participant observations and semi-structured interviews. A guide for the interviews was designed and developed by a multidisciplinary group of GLADERPO researchers. The main aspects included were the following: reference into the local healthcare system and accessibility to the system. Andersen's base conceptual model of health service utilization was applied for the analysis and for structuring the results. RESULTS: A total of 21 people were interviewed, twelve women and nine men with an age ranging between 25 and 60 years old. The main findings were different barriers (communication and cultural) between the community and the healthcare system; "navigation" within the health system carried out by the qom community; and migration and bureaucratization of the health system. CONCLUSIONS: These findings should be incorporated into educational strategies to improve access to healthcare system and adherence to medical treatment, establishing an interaction between the different levels of the local care system and providing community health workers with an appropriate training with the support of the community representatives. Key Points • The different barriers between the community and the healthcare system were described. • The "navigation" within the health system carried out by the qom community and the migration were relevant points. • The bureaucratization of the health system and the need to design and implement educational strategies in the future were highlighted.

Efecto de la ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina en hemoglobina de niños anémicos / Effects of Infesting Cookies Fortified with Bovine Blood in the Hemoglobin of Anemic Children

Introducción: La anemia infantil es un problema de salud pública que afecta el desarrollo fisiológico e intelectual del niño. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina en los niveles de hemoglobina de niños anémicos. Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental, con grupo experimental y control, en la zona rural del distrito de San Andrés de Tupicocha de Huarochiri de Lima, Perú, desde agosto hasta diciembre de 2018. La población fue de 46 niños de 3 a 5 años de edad, de la que participaron 32 (consentimiento de los padres), de ellos 15 niños tuvieron hemoglobina < 11 g/dl, quienes conformaron el grupo experimental; mientras que 17 niños con hemoglobina > 11 g/dl, conformaron el grupo control. Se utilizó la prueba estadística T de Student (p < 0,05). Resultados: En el grupo experimental, después de 12 semanas de ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina, se observó un incremento de hemoglobina en sangre de 10,4 g/dl a 11,6 g/dl (p < 0,001); mientras que el grupo control, también registró un incremento de 11,7 g/dl a 12,1 g/dl (p = 0,007). Al comparar el incremento de hemoglobina de ambos grupos, se observa que en el grupo control la hemoglobina solo ascendió en 0,5 g/dl, mientras que en el grupo experimental ascendió en 1,2 g/dl, siendo así el incremento mayor en el grupo experimental que consumió las galletas fortificadas (p = 0,003). Conclusión: La ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina incrementó los niveles de hemoglobina en niños de una zona rural, reduciendo así los casos de anemia infantil(UA)

Introduction: Childhood anemia is a public health concern that affects the physiological and intellectual development of the child. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ingesting cookies fortified with bovine blood on the hemoglobin levels of anemic children. Methods: Quasiexperimental study carried out with experimental and control groups, in the rural area of San Andrés de Tupicocha de Huarochiri district of Lima, Peru, from August to December 2018. The study population consisted of 46 children aged 3-5 years, of which 32 participated under parental consent and 15 had hemoglobin lower than 11 g/dL. These made up the experimental group. On the other hand, 17 children had hemoglobin higher than 11 g/dL. These made up the control group. The Student's t-test was used (P< 0.05). Results: In the experimental group, 12 weeks after ingestion of cookies fortified with bovine blood, an increase in hemoglobin in the blood was observed, from 10.4 g/dL to 11.6 g/dL (P< 0.001); while the control group also registered an increase, from 11.7 g/dL to 12.1 g/dL (P=0.007). When comparing the increase in hemoglobin between both groups, it is observed that, in the control group, hemoglobin only rose by 0.5 g/dL, while, in the experimental group, it rose by 1.2 g/dL. Thus, the highest increase appeared in the experimental group that consumed the fortified cookies (P = 0.003). Conclusion: The ingestion of cookies fortified with bovine blood increased hemoglobin levels in children in a rural area, thus reducing the cases of childhood anemia(AU)

Factores asociados al desempeño profesional del enfermero(a) que labora en el Área de Salud Mental, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins - 2014 / Factors associated with the professional performance of the nurse that works in the Area of Mental Health, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins - 2014

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores asociados al desempeño profesional del enfermero (a) que labora en el área de salud mental - Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins - 2014. Material y Método. El estudio es de nivel aplicativo, tipo cuantitativo, método descriptivo de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 43 enfermeros. La técnica fue la encuesta y el instrumento un cuestionario aplicado previo consentimiento informado. Resultados: Del 100 por ciento (43), 53 por ciento (23) están ausente y 47 por ciento (20) presente. En cuanto a los factores externos asociados al desempeño profesional 51 por ciento (22) está ausente y 49 por ciento (21) presente; y acerca de los factores internos asociados 58 por ciento (25) está ausente y 42 por ciento (18) presente. Conclusiones: El mayor porcentaje de los profesionales de enfermería expresan que los factores asociados al desempeño profesional ausentes son los conflictos, políticas de incentivo, la aplicación en el cuidado del principio ético de la beneficencia y la satisfacción del trabajador; mientras que un menor porcentaje manifiestan que están presentes los factores como: el cumplimiento y responsabilidad en el trabajo, la honestidad y la aplicación del principio de justicia durante el cuidado, perciben que el servicio presenta un ambiente de compañerismo y solidaridad, que se encuentran a disponibilidad los documentos de gestión , y conocen la misión y visión del servicio...

The objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with the professional performance of the nurse (a) that works in the area of mental health - Hospital National Edgardo Rebagliati Martins-2014. Material and Method: The study is application level, quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional method. The population was formed by 43 registered nurses (RNs). The technique was the survey and the instrument a questionnaire applied prior informed consent. Results: 100 per cent (43), 53 per cent (23) are absent and 47 per cent (20) present. As for external factors associated with the performance professional 51 per cent (22) is absent and 49 per cent (21) present; and about the associated performance professional 58 per cent (25) internal factors is absent and 42 per cent (18) present. Conclusions: The highest percentage of nurses expressed that the factors associated with professional performance are absent conflicts, incentive policies, the implementation in the care of the ethical principle of beneficence and employee satisfaction; while a smaller percentage report that factors such as are present: compliance and responsibility at work, honesty and the principle of justice for care, they feel the service has an atmosphere of camaraderie and solidarity, which are to availability management documents, and they know the mission and vision of the service...

Alteracoes nos estados subjetivos de pessoas idosas em decorrencia da audicao musical - a lep como instrumento de pesquisa

Este trabalho investigou, atraves de uma Lista de Estados Presentes (LEP) brasileira, mudancas nos estados de animo de pessoas idosas, detectadas depois de um periodo de audicao musical. Oitenta voluntarios, cujas idades variam de 48 a 83 anos, responderam a LEP por duas vezes: imediatamente antes e depois de um periodo de tempo (aproximadamente 10 minutos)em que lhes era apresentado um trecho musical. Um grupo ouviu um trecho de Brahms e outro grupo um trecho de Tchakowsky. Um Grupo-Controle nao ouviu musica nenhuma durante o intervalo. Sensacoes de humilhacao, calor e cansaco foram mais altas entre os sujeitos do Grupo-Controle, enquanto os sujeitos que ouviram um dos trechos musicais registraram interesse mais elevado. Os resultados indicaram ainda que a musica de Brahms induz a um estado de sonolencia e faz descrescer a intensidade de sentimentos de obrigacao e de surpresa, enquanto que o trecho de Tchakowsky leva a estados mais ativados, tais como susto, interesse, desejo, atracao sexual e raiva. A potencialidade relaxante ou excitante de cada um dos trechos musicais foi discutida e a utilizacao da LEP como instrumento de pesquisa na area da musica foi considerada.