Evidence on the benefits of probiotics for preterm infants.

Introduction: This article reviews the evidence for the use of different strains of probiotics in the prevention of prevalent pathologies in premature neonates. A systematic review was conducted of the use of probiotics in neonates with less than 37 weeks of gestational age, based on a search for systematic reviews and observational and experimental studies performed during the period from January 2014 to February 2021. For this purpose, the PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were consulted. The aim of this article was to review the existing data on the relationship between the administration of probiotics (with different strains and doses) and the risk of necrotising enterocolitis, mortality, late sepsis and other disease parameters in premature infants. The literature search obtained 240 articles, of which we selected 16, representing a total sample of over 200,000 premature infants. Analysis of the data obtained reveals statistical evidence that the combined administration of probiotics (especially of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) reduces the incidence of grade II or higher necrotising enterocolitis, all-cause mortality, late sepsis, length of hospital stay and time until complete enteral nutrition is achieved. However, no benefits were apparent with respect to alleviating bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity or intraventricular haemorrhage. Further research is needed to determine the most appropriate strains, doses and treatment duration for preterm infants to achieve the health benefits identified.

Introducción: En este artículo se revisa la evidencia del uso de las diferentes cepas de probióticos en la prevención de diversas patologías prevalentes en recién nacidos prematuros. Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática sobre el uso de probióticos en recién nacidos de menos de 37 semanas de edad gestacional, realizando una búsqueda de revisiones sistemáticas, estudios observacionales y experimentales desde enero de 2014 hasta febrero de 2021. Para ello se han utlizado motores de búsqueda como PubMed, MEDLINE y la biblioteca Cochrane. El objetivo de este artículo fue revisar los datos existentes sobre la relación entre la administración de probióticos (con diferentes cepas y dosis) y el riesgo de enterocolitis necrotizante, mortalidad, sepsis tardía, y otros parámetros de enfermedad en prematuros. En la búsqueda se obtuvieron 240 artículos, de los que seleccionamos 16, obteniendo más de 200.000 recién nacidos prematuros como muestra. En esta revisión se muestra con evidencia estadística, que la administración combinada de probióticos (espcialmente cepas de Lactobacillus y Bifidobacterium) reducen la incidencia de NEC en grado II o mayor, mortalidad por todas las causas, sepsis tardía, días de estancia hospitalaria y tiempo en lograr nutrición enteral completa. No se han podido evidenciar beneficios en cuanto a la displasia broncopulmonar, retinopatía de la prematuridad y hemorragia intraventricular. Se precisan nuevos estudios para conocer las cepas, dosis y tiempo de tratamiento más adecuados en neonatos prematuros para lograr beneficios en salud.

[Effect of soybeans and soy sauce on vasomotor symptoms during menopause]. / Efectos de la soja en los síntomas vasomotores de la menopausia.

During menopause, some women experience symptoms which can interfere with their living quality. Some of these symptoms are the so-called vasomotor symptoms which include suffocations, hot flashes, and nocturnal sweats. Up to now, the most effective remedy was hormone treatment, but a study of isoflavines, such as soybean, suggests it is possible to alleviate the disturbances caused by menopause. Due to this study we consider that the addition of isoflavines can provide benefits to women. Therefore, it is correct to include them in the field of medicines which give an alternative to estrogen therapy. However, one must bear in mind that data about the efficiency and security of alternative medicines in the treatment of menopause symptoms are not conclusive since each woman is unique and it is necessary to have consensus on an individualized health plan which permits one to carry out adequate therapeutic adjustments in accordance to the needs which occur over the entire menopause process.

Efectos de la soja en los síntomas vasomotores de la menopausia / Effect of soybeans and soy gauce on vasomotor symptoms during menopause

Durante la etapa de la menopausia, algunas mujeres experimentan sfntomasque pueden interferir con su calidad de vida. Algunos, los llamados vasomotores, incluyen sofocos y sudores nocturnos. Hasta ahora, el tratamiento con hormonas era el remedio más efectivo, pero el estudio de las Isoflavonas, como la soja, sugiere la posibilidad de aliviar los trastornos propios del climario. Tras el estudio realizado consideramos que el aporte en la dieta de ispflavonas puede ofrecer beneficios a las mujeres, por lo que es acertado incluirlos en el campo de los medicamentos alternativos a la terapia estrogénica. Si bien hay que tener presente que los datos sobre eficacia y seguridad de la mediana alternativa en el tratamiento de los síntomas menopaúsicos no son concluyentes, dado que cada mujeres única y resulta necesario consensuar un plan de salud individual que permita realizar los ajustes rapéuticos adecuados a las necesidades que surján, a lo largo del tiempo, durante su climaterio

During menopause, some women experience symptoms which can interfere with their living quality. Some of these symptoms are the so-called vasomotor symptoms which includes suffocations, hot flashes, and nocturnal sweats. Up to now, the most effective remedy was hormone treatment, but a study of isoflavines, such as soybean, suggests it is possible to alleviate the disturbances caused bymenopause. Due to this study, we consider that the addition of isoflavines can provide benefits to women. Therefore, it is correct to include them in the field of medicines which give an alternative to estrogen therapy. However, one must bear in mind that data about the efficiency and security of alternative medicines in the treatment of menopause symptoms are not conclusive since each woman is unique and it is necessary to have consensus on an individualized health plan which permits one to carry out adequate therapeutic adjustments in accordance to the needs which occur over the entire menopause process