The state of systemic immunity in congenital cleft lip and palate patients with diseases of oral cavity tissues.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: To determine the state of dental health and the state of systemic immunity in patients in congenital cleft lip and palate patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The dental status and immunologic tests of 74 patients age 8-18 years old with congenital cleft lip and palate was analyzed: 43 children with unilateral and 31 children with bilateral complete combined cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. RESULTS: Results: Indicators of the prevalence and intensity of the caries process in patients with congenital congenital complete cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate were high, especially in children with bilateral cleft lip and palate - the decompensated course of caries was determined in 41.93% patients, with unilateral - 23.25%. Сhronic catarrhal gingivitis was the most common in both groups of patients - the average severity of gingivitis prevailed - 51.16% with congenital unilateral cleft lip and palate and 51.61% - with bilateral. Atopic cheilitis, glossitis and chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis were common. This patients have significant changes in the cellular chain of the immune system with a deficiency of the main phenotypes of lymphocytes - CD4+ CD8+ and inflammatory bacterial changes in blood serum. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Patients of unilateral and bilateral complete combined cleft lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate have significant changes in the dental status and in the cellular chain of the immune system. The level of manifestation of these changes is directly proportional to the extent of localization of the pathology - unilateral or bilateral.

INDICATORS OF DENTAL HEALTH AND LOCAL IMMUNITY IN YOUNG ADULTS WHO HAVE SUFFERED FROM CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine the dental status and state of local immunity in young adults who have suffered from the coronavirus disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 30 people aged 20-22 years, who suffered from the coronavirus infection Covid19 6.1±1.2 months ago. The comparison group included 20 people who did not have a coronavirus infection. The control group consisted of 35 people, randomized by age and sex, who did not have signs of caries and periodontal tissue disease and did not have coronavirus disease. All patients were examined for dental status and local immunity. RESULTS: Results: The analysis of indicators of dental status revealed the possibility of the existence of a relationship between the signs of acute SARS-Cov2 viral infection and the development of caries and periodontal tissue diseases. Significant changes in the local immunity of the oral cavity were found in the examined patients, which had a pathogenetic influence on the development and progression of caries and periodontal tissue diseases: a significant increase in the level of Ig G, as well as a probable decrease in the concentration of SIg A relative to the comparison group, a probably higher normative value of pathogenic small- and medium-molecular CICs with a significant decrease in the level of physiological large-sized CICs relative to the comparison group, a decrease in the content of anti-inflammatory IL-4, as well as increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Young adults who have suffered a coronavirus infection during the last 6 months have significantly higher caries prevalence, bleeding index, PMA index and hygiene index, halitosis, which indicates deeper tissue damage and tooth pathology with the formation of dentition defects than in the comparison group. Indicators of local immunity of the oral fluid have a deep and specific character.

CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF CARIES IN YOUNG PEOPLE WHO HAVE SUFFERED A CORONAVIRUS INFECTION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To establish the clinical and immunological features of the course of caries in young people who have suffered from the coronavirus disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 30 people aged 20,6±2,4 years who suffered from the Covid19 coronavirus infection 6,1±1,2 months ago. All patients underwent a dental and immunological examination. RESULTS: Results: The analysis of the indicators of the dental status revealed the possibility of the existence of a relationship between the signs of the transferred acute viral infection SARS-Cov2 and the development of dental caries, first, under the condition of reduced caries resistance. In the immune system of the examined patients were found significant changes, which definitely played a pathogenetic role in the development and progression of the carious process. They were manifested by changes of varying degrees of severity, which were both unidirectional and opposite in nature: T-lymphocyte deficiency, in particular, mainly due to T-cytotoxic lymphocytes/suppressors, an increased level of B-lymphocytes and an increased level of activated CD54+ cells of T-lymphocytes. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: In young people with dental caries who have suffered a coronavirus infection during the last 6 months, the prevalence of caries and its intensity are significantly higher than in the comparison group. Violations in the cellular and humoral links of the immune system, which combined with the pro-in¬flammatory profile of the blood serum, the phenomenon of immunotoxicosis, contributed to the further progression of the carious process in the oral cavity.