Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 40
Filter
1.
J Mater Sci Mater Med ; 30(8): 90, 2019 Jul 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31346767

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of Bone Level dental implants with four different neck designs in contact with cortical bone. Numerical simulations were performed using a Finite Element Method (FEM) based-model. In order to verify the FEM model, the in silico results were compared with the results obtained from histological analysis performed in an in vivo study with New Zealand rabbits. FEM was performed using a computerized 3D model of Bone Level dental implants inserted in the lower jaw bone with an applied axial load of 100 N. The analysis was performed using four different implant neck designs: even surfaced, screwed, three-ring design and four-ring design. Interface are of bone growth was evaluated by analyzing the Bone-Implant-Contact (BIC) parameter obtained from in vivo histological process and analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Bone Level implants were inserted in the rabbit tibia, placing two implants per tibia. The BIC was evaluated after three and six weeks of implantation. FEM studies showed that the three-ring design presented lower values of stress distribution compared to the other studied designs. The lower levels of mechanical stress were then correlated with the in vivo studies, showing that the three-ring design presented the highest BIC value after 3 and 6 weeks of implantation. In silico and in vivo results both concluded that the implants with three-ring neck design presented the best biomechanical and histological behavior in terms of new bone formation, enhanced mechanical stability and optimum osseointegration.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis Design , Materials Testing/methods , Animals , Bone Screws , Calibration , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/instrumentation , Dental Implants/standards , Dental Prosthesis Design/methods , Dental Prosthesis Design/standards , Finite Element Analysis , Mandible/surgery , Osseointegration/physiology , Rabbits , Stress, Mechanical , Tibia/surgery
2.
Nature ; 519(7543): 344-8, 2015 Mar 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25788097

ABSTRACT

Atmospheric carbon dioxide records indicate that the land surface has acted as a strong global carbon sink over recent decades, with a substantial fraction of this sink probably located in the tropics, particularly in the Amazon. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the terrestrial carbon sink will evolve as climate and atmospheric composition continue to change. Here we analyse the historical evolution of the biomass dynamics of the Amazon rainforest over three decades using a distributed network of 321 plots. While this analysis confirms that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, we find a long-term decreasing trend of carbon accumulation. Rates of net increase in above-ground biomass declined by one-third during the past decade compared to the 1990s. This is a consequence of growth rate increases levelling off recently, while biomass mortality persistently increased throughout, leading to a shortening of carbon residence times. Potential drivers for the mortality increase include greater climate variability, and feedbacks of faster growth on mortality, resulting in shortened tree longevity. The observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale, and is contrary to expectations based on models.


Subject(s)
Carbon Dioxide/analysis , Carbon Sequestration , Rainforest , Atmosphere/chemistry , Biomass , Brazil , Carbon/analysis , Carbon/metabolism , Carbon Dioxide/metabolism , Plant Stems/metabolism , Trees/growth & development , Trees/metabolism , Tropical Climate , Wood/analysis
3.
Prev Med ; 56(1): 30-4, 2013 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23142534

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the prevalence of and risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) among adults 25-64 years of age from Medellin and surrounding municipalities, Colombia. METHOD: We used 2008-2010 data from the Antioquia STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS), a multi-stage complex cross-sectional survey designed according to World Health Organization guidelines. The revised 2005 International Diabetes Federation definition of MetS was used. RESULTS: There were a total of 3000 participants. Of these, 21.4% had high blood pressure (HBP) and 64% had abdominal obesity (AO). In the subsample with serum data (n = 943), 19.8% had high fasting serum glucose, 43.9% had high triglycerides (HTG), and 56.6% had low HDL cholesterol (L-HDL). Among those with data to define MetS (n = 901), 41% had MetS. Older age was associated with MetS and all components except L-HDL. Female sex [odds ratio (OR) = 2.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.20-3.70], being married (OR = 1.40, CI: 1.09-1.82), and high physical activity (OR = 0.59, CI: 0.39-0.91) were associated with AO, smoking with HTG (OR = 1.76, CI: 1.16-2.67) and L-HDL (OR = 1.67, CI: 1.10-2.51) and rural residence with HBP (OR = 3.42, CI: 1.83-6.37) and L-HDL (OR = 1.18, CI: 1.10-2.51). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MetS and AO was high in this Colombian region. Targeted strategies for promoting healthy behaviors are needed.


Subject(s)
Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/etiology , Adult , Age Distribution , Colombia/epidemiology , Confidence Intervals , Female , Health Status , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Population Surveillance , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Young Adult
4.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 63(5): 413-7, 2005 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16266616

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of neonatal admissions through a pediatric emergency department (PED), and to evaluate the characteristics of patients who present vital risk on arrival. METHODS: We performed a descriptive, retrospective review of neonates aged 2-28 days arriving from home who presented to the pediatric emergency department between 01/01/03 and 31/12/03. RESULTS: Of a total of 943 neonatal consultations, 277 (29.3 %) required admission. The most common diseases were respiratory (42.6 %) and fever without source (17 %). Among the 943 patients attended, 42 (4,5 %) showed vital risk, and in this group, 81 % were full term neonates, with a P50 of age of 19 days, and a P50 of weight of 3200 g. Among these, there was a predominance of infectious diseases (74 %), especially respiratory tract infections (50 %). Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was identified in 14 of the 42 patients. Thirty-six percent required mechanical ventilation and 71.5 % were transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit. Sixty percent of the critically-ill neonates were admitted in the 3 winter months (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of the neonates arriving from home required admission, and vital risk was more frequent in this age group than in other ages (p < 0.001). This does not correspond to risk related to perinatal pathology, or to nutritional reasons, but to community-acquired infections, particularly those of the respiratory tract, the most frequent cause of which is RSV.


Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Neonatology/methods , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/rehabilitation , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/rehabilitation , Retrospective Studies , Uruguay/epidemiology
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);65(5): 395-401, 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-445766

ABSTRACT

The inflammatory response of host endothelial cells is included in the development of vascular damage observed in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection, resulting in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The response to a non-conventional treatment for a group of D+ HUS (diarrhea positive HUS) patients, with clinical hemodynamic parameters of septic shock was evaluated in this prospective study (1999-2003). Twelve children 2.8 +/- 0.6 years old, with D+ HUS produced by E. coli infection with serological evidence of Shiga toxin, presenting severe unstable hemodynamic parameters and neurological dysfunction at onset, were studied. The protocol included fresh frozen plasma infusions, methylprednisolone pulses (10mg/k/day) for three consecutive days and plasma exchange for five days, starting after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The twelve patients with increased pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score: 18 +/- 2 after admission to intensive care unit (ICU), required dialysis for 17.4 +/- 4 days, mechanical ventilator assistance for 10 +/- 1 days and early inotropic drugs support for 10.5 +/- 1 days. Neurological dysfunction included generalized tonic-clonic seizures lasting for 5.4 +/- 1 days, n:8. Focal seizures were present in the remaining patients. Dilated cardiomyopathy was present in 6 children. Eight children suffered hemorrhagic colitis. Nine patients survived. Within one year of the injury, neurological sequelae, Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) 3 and 4, were present in two patients, chronic renal failure in one patient. We suggest that early introduction of this protocol could benefit D+ HUS patients with hemodynamic instability and neurological dysfunction at onset. Further studies are likely to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this early adverse clinical presentation of D+ HUS patients.


La respuesta inflamatoria de la célula endotelial se incluye en el desarrollo del daño vascular observado en la infección por Escherichia coli enterohemorrágica que deviene en Síndrome Urémico Hemolítico (SUH). Se evaluó en forma prospectiva, entre 1999 y 2003, la respuesta a un tratamiento no convencional, en doce pacientes, edad 2.8 ± 0.6 años, que desarrollaron SUH con presencia de diarrea sanguinolenta (SUH D+) y evidencia serológica de toxina Shiga, los cuales en fase inicial presentaron parámetros hemodinámicoscompatibles con shock séptico y compromiso neurológico grave. El protocolo incluyó transfusión de plasmafresco, pulsos de metilprednisolona (10mg/k/día) por tres días consecutivos y plasmaféresis por cinco días, iniciados en las primeras 48 horas. Los doce pacientes ingresaron en terapia intensiva, presentando unapuntuación de riesgo de mortalidad pediátrica (PRISM): 18 ± 2, con requerimiento de diálisis por 17.4 ± 4 días, asistencia ventilatoria mecánica por 10 ± 1días y soporte temprano con drogas inotrópicas por un período de10.5 ± 1 días. La disfunción neurológica se presentó con convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas por 5.4 ±1 días en 8 pacientes y con convulsiones focalizadas en los restantes. Seis pacientes desarrollaron miocardiopatíadilatada y 8 presentaron colitis hemorrágica. Sobrevivieron a la etapa aguda de la enfermedad 9 pacientes. Alfinalizar el primer año de seguimiento, dos de ellos presentaban secuelas neurológicas (escala de seguimientode Glasgow; GOS 3 y 4 respectivamente) y uno, fallo renal crónico. La introducción temprana de este protocolo podría beneficiar a pacientes con SUH D+ con inestabilidad hemodinámica grave y disfunción neurológica al inicio. Los mecanismos involucrados en esta temprana presentación clínica adversa de SUH D+ permanecen aún sin dilucidar.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Shock, Septic/physiopathology , Diarrhea/physiopathology , Escherichia coli Infections/physiopathology , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/physiopathology , Diarrhea/complications , Diarrhea/therapy , /isolation & purification , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Escherichia coli Infections/therapy , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prospective Studies , Shiga Toxin 1 , Shiga Toxin 2 , Statistics, Nonparametric , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/therapy , Treatment Outcome
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);65(5): 395-401, 2005. tab
Article in English | BINACIS | ID: bin-123239

ABSTRACT

The inflammatory response of host endothelial cells is included in the development of vascular damage observed in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection, resulting in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The response to a non-conventional treatment for a group of D+ HUS (diarrhea positive HUS) patients, with clinical hemodynamic parameters of septic shock was evaluated in this prospective study (1999-2003). Twelve children 2.8 +/- 0.6 years old, with D+ HUS produced by E. coli infection with serological evidence of Shiga toxin, presenting severe unstable hemodynamic parameters and neurological dysfunction at onset, were studied. The protocol included fresh frozen plasma infusions, methylprednisolone pulses (10mg/k/day) for three consecutive days and plasma exchange for five days, starting after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The twelve patients with increased pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score: 18 +/- 2 after admission to intensive care unit (ICU), required dialysis for 17.4 +/- 4 days, mechanical ventilator assistance for 10 +/- 1 days and early inotropic drugs support for 10.5 +/- 1 days. Neurological dysfunction included generalized tonic-clonic seizures lasting for 5.4 +/- 1 days, n:8. Focal seizures were present in the remaining patients. Dilated cardiomyopathy was present in 6 children. Eight children suffered hemorrhagic colitis. Nine patients survived. Within one year of the injury, neurological sequelae, Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) 3 and 4, were present in two patients, chronic renal failure in one patient. We suggest that early introduction of this protocol could benefit D+ HUS patients with hemodynamic instability and neurological dysfunction at onset. Further studies are likely to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this early adverse clinical presentation of D+ HUS patients.(AU)


La respuesta inflamatoria de la célula endotelial se incluye en el desarrollo del daño vascular observado en la infección por Escherichia coli enterohemorrágica que deviene en Síndrome Urémico Hemolítico (SUH). Se evaluó en forma prospectiva, entre 1999 y 2003, la respuesta a un tratamiento no convencional, en doce pacientes, edad 2.8 ± 0.6 años, que desarrollaron SUH con presencia de diarrea sanguinolenta (SUH D+) y evidencia serológica de toxina Shiga, los cuales en fase inicial presentaron parámetros hemodinámicoscompatibles con shock séptico y compromiso neurológico grave. El protocolo incluyó transfusión de plasmafresco, pulsos de metilprednisolona (10mg/k/día) por tres días consecutivos y plasmaféresis por cinco días, iniciados en las primeras 48 horas. Los doce pacientes ingresaron en terapia intensiva, presentando unapuntuación de riesgo de mortalidad pediátrica (PRISM): 18 ± 2, con requerimiento de diálisis por 17.4 ± 4 días, asistencia ventilatoria mecánica por 10 ± 1días y soporte temprano con drogas inotrópicas por un período de10.5 ± 1 días. La disfunción neurológica se presentó con convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas por 5.4 ±1 días en 8 pacientes y con convulsiones focalizadas en los restantes. Seis pacientes desarrollaron miocardiopatíadilatada y 8 presentaron colitis hemorrágica. Sobrevivieron a la etapa aguda de la enfermedad 9 pacientes. Alfinalizar el primer año de seguimiento, dos de ellos presentaban secuelas neurológicas (escala de seguimientode Glasgow; GOS 3 y 4 respectivamente) y uno, fallo renal crónico. La introducción temprana de este protocolo podría beneficiar a pacientes con SUH D+ con inestabilidad hemodinámica grave y disfunción neurológica al inicio. Los mecanismos involucrados en esta temprana presentación clínica adversa de SUH D+ permanecen aún sin dilucidar.(AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Diarrhea/physiopathology , Escherichia coli Infections/physiopathology , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/physiopathology , Shock, Septic/physiopathology , Diarrhea/complications , Diarrhea/therapy , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Escherichia coli Infections/therapy , Escherichia coli O157/isolation & purification , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/therapy , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prospective Studies , Shiga Toxin 1/isolation & purification , Shiga Toxin 2/isolation & purification , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. peru. enferm. infecc. trop ; 2(3): 28-33, 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1111606

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones clínicas, epidemiológicas y serotipos del dengue en un brote en el departamento de Lambayeque entre enero y junio del 2001. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de reporte de casos. Los datos se obtuvieron de la ficha epidemiológica de investigación de Dengue de la Dirección de Salud Lambayeque en los casos de dengue confirmado. Resultados: Se confirmó dengue en 68 pacientes con igual distribución por sexo. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre (97,1 por ciento), cefalea (91.2 por ciento), dolor óseo (80,9 por ciento) y dolor retroobitario (80,9 por ciento). La manifestación hemorrágica más frecuente fue petequias. La prueba de lazo sólo se presentó en 2 casos (4,4 por ciento). El distrito más afectado fue Olmos con 28 casos (41.2 por ciento). 22 (32,4 por ciento) casos fueron considerados como probables importados, de los cuales el destino de viaje con mayor frecuencia fue Bagua (18,2 por ciento); y 46 como probables casos autóctonos (67.6 por ciento). Se aisló el virus en 6 casos, en 4 de ellos se identificó el serotipo DEN 1, y en 2 el DEN 2. Conclusiones: Las manifestaciones clínicas son compatibles con otras epidemias reportadas en las Américas. Los virus circulantes fueron identificados como DEN 1 y DEN 2. Se demostró por primera vez la presencia de casos autóctonos en el departamento de Lambayeque. El distrito más afectado fue Olmos ubicándose en el escenario epidemiológico III-A. La circulación simultánea de dos serotipos de dengue aumenta el riesgo de dengue hemorrágico.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Dengue/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Case-Control Studies
8.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Caracas) ; 25(2): 142-153, jul.-dic. 2002. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-355096

ABSTRACT

Las cefalosporinas son antibióticos similares a las penicilinas pero resultan más efectivas porque han mostrado tener una mejor resistencia contra las B-lactamasas. Dichos antibióticos se obtienen del ácido 7-ACA el cual al ser modificado ha dado origen a cuatro generaciones bien diferenciadas y actualmente se esta ensayando producir cefalosporinas de acción dual enlazando quinolonas a la posición 3' de la cefalosporina, lo cual resulta en un aumento de su actividad contra bacterias gram negativas y positivas las cuales tienen como mecanismo de resistencia al antibiótico la hidrólisis del anillo betalactámico por inducción cromosomal de B-lactamasas tipo I. En la actualidad se esta estudiando un nuevo grupo de estos antibióticos entre las que se encuentran el cefozopran, cefpiramide, E 1100, FK 037 y DQ-2556 y han mostrado buenos resultados en el manejo de infecciones por gérmenes gram positivos y negativos especialmente en los casos de procesos nosocomiales en los que otros antibióticos han visto su uso limitado


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , beta-Lactamases , Cephalosporins , Venezuela
9.
J Trace Elem Med Biol ; 13(1-2): 40-50, 1999 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10445217

ABSTRACT

Zn (SZn), Cu (SCu), Fe (SFe), vitamin A (SVA) and vitamin E (SVE) were measured in blood serum samples of 85 healthy pre-school children aged 2-6 yr. from the rural community of Canaguá, Mérida State, Venezuela. The relationship between these biochemical indexes was also investigated. The mean serum concentrations of zinc, copper, iron, vitamin A and vitamin E were 0.74 +/- 0.25, 1.18 +/- 0.30, 0.76 +/- 0.20, 0.30 +/- 0.15 and 5.87 +/- 0.43 mg/L, respectively. There was a tendency for SZn to increase with age, whereas SCu and SVA decreased. There was no significant difference in serum trace elements and fat-soluble vitamin concentration between males and females in the different age groups. SFe tended to be lower than that reported in the literature. However, the age groups studied showed no statistically significant sex- and age-related differences. The present study shows that there is a complex interaction between SZn, SCu, SFe, SVA, SVE and age of the children. Multiple regression analysis showed serum zinc was strongly related to serum copper, and serum iron. Serum vitamin A was strongly related to serum zinc and serum vitamin E, whereas serum vitamin E was strongly related to serum zinc, serum copper, and serum vitamin A. On the other hand, our observations also suggest that more detailed studies of these metals and fat-soluble vitamins should be carried out, and that the study should include nutritional surveys, metabolic balances and associations between SZn, SCu, SFe, SVA and SVE and anthropometric variables (height, weight, body mass index and skinfold thickness).


Subject(s)
Rural Population , Trace Elements/blood , Vitamin A/blood , Vitamin E/blood , Aging , Child , Child, Preschool , Copper/blood , Copper/deficiency , Female , Humans , Iron/blood , Iron Deficiencies , Male , Nutritional Status , Reference Values , Regression Analysis , Sex Characteristics , Solubility , Venezuela , Zinc/blood , Zinc/deficiency
10.
Salud Publica Mex ; 41(2): 119-23, 1999.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10343515

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of low doses of inhaled budesonide on the adrenal function and lipid metabolism of asthmatic children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 10 asthmatic children (mean age, 8.8 years) treated with inhaled budesonide (200-300 micrograms/day) for a period longer than 3 months (group A); 15 asthmatic children (mean age, 7.8 years) without steroid treatment (group B) and 10 non-asthmatic children (group C). Basal cortisol levels, as well as postACTH, adrenal androgens, lipids and urinary cortisol were determined. RESULTS: No significant differences were detected between groups A and B in the studied variables. In asthmatic children, urinary cortisol was significantly higher than in non-asthmatic children. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and atherogenic index levels were higher in asthmatic children with and without budesonide treatment, compared with non-asthmatic children. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of asthmatic children with low doses of inhaled budesonide did not modify the adrenal axis function nor lipid metabolism. Asthmatic patients showed an atherogenic lipid profile which could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Glands/physiopathology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Asthma/drug therapy , Asthma/physiopathology , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Budesonide/therapeutic use , Lipid Metabolism , Administration, Topical , Adrenal Glands/drug effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Asthma/metabolism , Bronchodilator Agents/pharmacology , Budesonide/pharmacology , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Child , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Humans , Hydrocortisone/blood , Hydrocortisone/urine , Respiratory Therapy , Risk Factors , Triglycerides/blood
11.
Med. intensiva ; 16(2): 43-9, 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-273710

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Conocer la proporción de los pacientes que requieren ventilación mecánica (AVM) entre los ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) y los modos de ventilación utilizados. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional y prospectivo de la ventilación mecánica en 12 UCIP distribuidas por Argentina durante 1997, en dos fechas climatológicas diferenciadas, 13 de mayo (M97) y 13 de agosto (A97). Se utilizó un cuestionario cumplmentado para cada paciente. Resultados: 92 pacientes ingresaron a la UCIP en M97 y 107 en A97. El 54,3 por ciento (IC 97 por ciento 47,6-61) y 51,4 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 44,7-58,1) estaban en AVM respectivamente. La causa más frecuente de ingreso al respirador fue la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda 62 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 48,5-75,4) en M97 y 61,8 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 48,9-74,6) en A97. El modo de ventilación más utilizado en ambos cortes fue la IMV/SIMV 48 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 35-61) y 52,7 (IC 95 por ciento 39,5-65,7). El porcentaje de pacientes en proceso de retirada de la ventilación fue del 40 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 26,5-53) en M97 y 38 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 25,2-50,8) en A97. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio, que es el primero realizado en pediatría con carácter multicéntrico y con éstos objetivos, muestra un porcentaje de pacientes ventilados en torno al 50 por ciento. Igual porcentaje de pacientes estaban en ventilación con IMV/SIMV y los modos más recientes de ventilación fueron escasamente utilizados. Parece aconsejable adecuar las adquisiciones de los respiradores a las patologías que haya que tratar. La utilización racional de los recursos será sin duda uno de los objetivos en los próximos años


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Ventilator Weaning/statistics & numerical data , Argentina , Prospective Studies , Respiration, Artificial/methods
12.
Med. intensiva ; 16(2): 43-9, 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-11535

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Conocer la proporción de los pacientes que requieren ventilación mecánica (AVM) entre los ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) y los modos de ventilación utilizados. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional y prospectivo de la ventilación mecánica en 12 UCIP distribuidas por Argentina durante 1997, en dos fechas climatológicas diferenciadas, 13 de mayo (M97) y 13 de agosto (A97). Se utilizó un cuestionario cumplmentado para cada paciente. Resultados: 92 pacientes ingresaron a la UCIP en M97 y 107 en A97. El 54,3 por ciento (IC 97 por ciento 47,6-61) y 51,4 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 44,7-58,1) estaban en AVM respectivamente. La causa más frecuente de ingreso al respirador fue la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda 62 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 48,5-75,4) en M97 y 61,8 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 48,9-74,6) en A97. El modo de ventilación más utilizado en ambos cortes fue la IMV/SIMV 48 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 35-61) y 52,7 (IC 95 por ciento 39,5-65,7). El porcentaje de pacientes en proceso de retirada de la ventilación fue del 40 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 26,5-53) en M97 y 38 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 25,2-50,8) en A97. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio, que es el primero realizado en pediatría con carácter multicéntrico y con éstos objetivos, muestra un porcentaje de pacientes ventilados en torno al 50 por ciento. Igual porcentaje de pacientes estaban en ventilación con IMV/SIMV y los modos más recientes de ventilación fueron escasamente utilizados. Parece aconsejable adecuar las adquisiciones de los respiradores a las patologías que haya que tratar. La utilización racional de los recursos será sin duda uno de los objetivos en los próximos años (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Ventilator Weaning/statistics & numerical data , Argentina , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Prospective Studies
13.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; Acta gastroenterol. latinoam;27(1): 49-52, mar. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-196665

ABSTRACT

Objetive: To assess the frecuency and clinical picture of Hepatoportal Sclerosis in a population of Mexican children of the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México City. Background: Hepatoportal Sclerosis is a disease of unknown etiology. It's diagnosis is difficut. The main clinical presentation is splenomegaly with or without hematemesis (portal hypertension). Splenoportography and liver histology study are the best procedures for diagnosis and must be performed by experts. Methods: We studied 7/106 children with portal hypertension during a period of 10 years, who were seen at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México city. Inclusion criteria were specifical findings of splenoportography and histologic changes in liver biopsy. Results: We found 7/106 children. The main clinical manifestation were splenomegaly and hematemesis. We did not find any previous history of contact with arsenisc, vinyl chloride or copper sulfate. In 6/7 children a porto-systemic shunt was performed. Only one received propranolol and sclerotheraphy. At the time of this report all children have shown a good clinical course.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Portal System/pathology , Incidence , Mexico/epidemiology , Portography , Retrospective Studies , Sclerosis/diagnosis , Sclerosis/epidemiology
14.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 27(1): 49-52, mar. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-20645

ABSTRACT

Objetive: To assess the frecuency and clinical picture of Hepatoportal Sclerosis in a population of Mexican children of the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México City. Background: Hepatoportal Sclerosis is a disease of unknown etiology. Its diagnosis is difficut. The main clinical presentation is splenomegaly with or without hematemesis (portal hypertension). Splenoportography and liver histology study are the best procedures for diagnosis and must be performed by experts. Methods: We studied 7/106 children with portal hypertension during a period of 10 years, who were seen at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México city. Inclusion criteria were specifical findings of splenoportography and histologic changes in liver biopsy. Results: We found 7/106 children. The main clinical manifestation were splenomegaly and hematemesis. We did not find any previous history of contact with arsenisc, vinyl chloride or copper sulfate. In 6/7 children a porto-systemic shunt was performed. Only one received propranolol and sclerotheraphy. At the time of this report all children have shown a good clinical course. (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Portal System/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Incidence , Mexico/epidemiology , Sclerosis/diagnosis , Sclerosis/epidemiology , Portography
15.
Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam ; 27(1): 49-52, 1997.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9412127

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and clinical picture of Hepatoportal Sclerosis in a population of Mexican children of the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México City. BACKGROUND: Hepatoportal Sclerosis is a disease of unknown etiology. It's diagnosis is difficult. The main clinical presentation is splenomegaly with or without hematemesis (portal hypertension). Splenoportography and liver histology study are the best procedures for diagnosis and must be performed by experts. METHODS: We studied 7/106 children with portal hypertension during a period of 10 years, who were seen at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México city. Inclusion criteria were specific findings of splenoportography and histologic changes in liver biopsy. RESULTS: We found 7/106 children. The main clinical manifestation were splenomegaly and hematemesis. We did not find any previous history of contact with arsenic, vinyl chloride or copper sulfate. In 6/7 children a porto-systemic shunt was performed. Only one received propranolol and sclerotherapy. At the time of this report all children have shown a good clinical course.


Subject(s)
Portal System/pathology , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Portography , Retrospective Studies , Sclerosis/diagnosis , Sclerosis/epidemiology
16.
Rev. gastroenterol. Méx ; Rev. gastroenterol. Méx;61(4): 310-3, oct.-dic. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-192319

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes. Diversos esquemas de tratamiento se han utilizado para la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori en niños con gastritis, con diferentes resultados. Objetivo. Evaluar la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori, así como la mejoría clínica en niños con gastritis asociada, cuando se les administró en forma simultánea amoxicilina, ranitidina y subsalicilato de bismuto. Método. Se estudiaron 20 pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Gastroenterología, del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, durante el periodo comprendido entre enero de 1992 y junio de 1993. Se incluyeron todos los niños con dolor abdominal recurrene en quienes se identificó Helicobacter pylori en las biopsias de antrogástrico. El tratamiento consistió en la administración simultánea de amoxicilina durante 15 días y ranitidina y subsalicilato de bismuto durante un mes. Resultados. En 14 de 20 niños se logró mejoría clínica así como la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori. Conclusiones. La eliminación de Helicobacter pylori y la mejoría clínica se obtuvieron en el 70 por ciento de los niños, con buena tolerancia al trataiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Abdominal Pain/therapy , Biopsy , Drug Therapy , Duodenal Ulcer , Endoscopy , Gastritis , Helicobacter pylori
17.
Rev Gastroenterol Mex ; 61(4): 310-3, 1996.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9072781

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Different antibiotics, antagonist H2 and others have been used for elimination and/or eradication of Helicobacter pylori. AIMS: Evaluate elimination of Helicobacter pylori with amoxicillin, bismuth subsalicylate and ranitidine; and the improvement of recurrent abdominal pain. METHOD: 20 children with recurrent abdominal pain associated to gastritis and histologic identification of Helicobacter pylori were studied under a period of 18 months (January 1992 to June 1993), at Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México, D.F. All children were treated simultaneously with: Amoxicillin, 15 days, plus ranitidine and bismuth subsalicylate for one month. RESULTS: Helicobacter pylori was eliminated in 14 of 20 children studied. All these children had an important improvement of recurrent abdominal pain. CONCLUSION: Elimination of Helicobacter pylori and clinical improvement was present in 14 of 20 children studied (70%).


Subject(s)
Abdominal Pain/drug therapy , Amoxicillin/administration & dosage , Anti-Ulcer Agents/administration & dosage , Bismuth/administration & dosage , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Penicillins/administration & dosage , Ranitidine/administration & dosage , Salicylates/administration & dosage , Amoxicillin/pharmacology , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Bismuth/pharmacology , Child , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Organometallic Compounds/pharmacology , Penicillins/pharmacology , Prospective Studies , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Recurrence , Salicylates/pharmacology
18.
Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam ; 26(5): 281-3, 1996.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9363265

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Elimination of Helicobacter pylori with Chlaritromicin, Bismuth subsalicylate and Ranitidine; and improvement of recurrent abdominal pain. ANTECEDENT: Different antibiotics, antagonist H2 and others has been used for elimination and, or eradication of Helicobacter pylori. METHOD: 22 children with recurrent abdominal pain associated to gastritis and histologic identification of Helicobacter pylori were studied under a period of 18 months (january 1992 to june 1993), at Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México, D:F: All children were treated simultaneously with: Chlaritromicin, 15 days, Plus ranitidine and bismuth subsalicylate for one month. RESULTS: Helicobacter pylori was eliminate in 14 of 22 children studied. All these children had an important improvement of recurrent abdominal pain. CONCLUSION: Elimination of Helicobacter pylori and clinical improvement was present in 14 of 22 children studied (63.7%).


Subject(s)
Abdominal Pain/microbiology , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Bismuth/pharmacology , Clarithromycin/pharmacology , Gastritis/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Bismuth/therapeutic use , Child , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Gastritis/microbiology , Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Prospective Studies , Ranitidine/therapeutic use , Recurrence
19.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; Acta gastroenterol. latinoam;26(5): 281-3, 1996.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-194652

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori, así como la mejoría clínica en niños con gastritis asociada; cuando se les administró en forma simult nea claritromicina, ranitidina y subsalicilato de bismuto. Antecedentes: Diversos esquemas de tratamiento se han utilizado para la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori en niños con gastritis, con diferentes resultados. Método: Se estudiaron 22 pacientes que acudieron al servicio de Gastroenterología, del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 1992 y junio de 1993. Se incluyeron todos los niños con dolor abdominal recurrente en quienes se identificó Helicobacter pylori en las biopsias de antro g strico. El tratamiento consistió en la administración simult nea de claritromicina durante 15 días y ranitidina y subsalicilato de bismuto durante un mes. Resultados: en 14 de 22 niños se logró mejoría clínica, así como la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori. Conclusiones: La eliminación de Helicobacter pylori y la mejoría clínica se obtuvieron en el 63.7 por ciento de los niños, con buena tolerancia al tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Child , Abdominal Pain/microbiology , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Bismuth/pharmacology , Clarithromycin/pharmacology , Gastritis/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Bismuth/therapeutic use , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Gastritis/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Ranitidine/therapeutic use , Recurrence , Treatment Outcome
20.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 26(5): 281-3, 1996.
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-20840

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori, así como la mejoría clínica en niños con gastritis asociada; cuando se les administró en forma simult nea claritromicina, ranitidina y subsalicilato de bismuto. Antecedentes: Diversos esquemas de tratamiento se han utilizado para la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori en niños con gastritis, con diferentes resultados. Método: Se estudiaron 22 pacientes que acudieron al servicio de Gastroenterología, del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 1992 y junio de 1993. Se incluyeron todos los niños con dolor abdominal recurrente en quienes se identificó Helicobacter pylori en las biopsias de antro g strico. El tratamiento consistió en la administración simult nea de claritromicina durante 15 días y ranitidina y subsalicilato de bismuto durante un mes. Resultados: en 14 de 22 niños se logró mejoría clínica, así como la eliminación de Helicobacter pylori. Conclusiones: La eliminación de Helicobacter pylori y la mejoría clínica se obtuvieron en el 63.7 por ciento de los niños, con buena tolerancia al tratamiento. (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Child , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Ranitidine/pharmacology , Clarithromycin/pharmacology , Bismuth/pharmacology , Gastritis/drug therapy , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Abdominal Pain/microbiology , Ranitidine/therapeutic use , Clarithromycin/therapeutic use , Bismuth/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Gastritis/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Recurrence , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL