ABSTRACT
Extracts of the stems of Jatropha divaricata have yielded the two new diterpenes ent-3 beta,14 alpha-hydroxypimara-7,9(11),15-triene-12-one (3) and the rearranged pimarane ent-15(13-->8)abeo-8 beta(ethyl)pimarane (4), which appears to be a new skeletal type. The rare cleistanthane diterpenes spruceanol (1) and cleistanthol (2) were also obtained.
Subject(s)
Diterpenes/chemistry , Euphorbiaceae/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Jamaica , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , MethylationABSTRACT
Acute infection with Sin Nombre virus has been associated with development of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe cardiopulmonary illness with respiratory failure and shock. We present two cases of Sin Nombre hantavirus infections that did not lead to marked pulmonary complications in two otherwise healthy young adults from Utah and California. Sin Nombre virus causes a wider spectrum of disease severity than has been previously reported.
Subject(s)
Hantavirus Infections/complications , Hantavirus Infections/diagnosis , Orthohantavirus/isolation & purification , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Acute Disease , Adult , California , Female , Humans , Male , Rural Population , Serologic Tests , Severity of Illness Index , UtahABSTRACT
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) occurs in most infections with Sin Nombre virus and other North American hantaviruses. We report five cases of acute hantavirus infection that did not fit the HPS case definition. The patients had characteristic prodromal symptoms without severe pulmonary involvement. These cases suggest that surveillance for HPS may need to be expanded.
Subject(s)
Hantavirus Infections/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Adult , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Child, Preschool , Female , Orthohantavirus/isolation & purification , Hantavirus Infections/diagnosis , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Male , United StatesABSTRACT
This study is among the first employing anatomical partial hepatectomy and exposure of the remnant organ to lasers before closure for comparison of biological changes with those of exposed sham-operated groups and the respective controls. Adult male rats were partially hepatectomized leading to removal of two-thirds of the organ and the lateral lobe exposed to Argon (514 nm, 270 mW-3.0 W for up to 120 s; tunable dye, 630 nm, 200 and 500 mW for up to 240 s) and Nd:YAG (1064 nm; 3-8 W, 60-180 s) lasers. Sham-operated rats were treated similarly and with several, 1 or 2 additional sites in the quadrate lobes were irradiated. Possibly, liver damage and penetrability were somewhat greater for the intact rats treated with the Nd:YAG laser and which also displayed liver profile changes over the controls in contrast to the partially hepatectomized. In general, the extent of liver regeneration over a period of 10 days post-operative was not affected by the laser treatment. The mixed function oxidase system reflected small decrements in aminopyrine demethylase and in benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase for adjacent lesion-free microsomes from the partially hepatectomized and intact groups exposed to Nd:YAD laser (5.0 W, 120 s), respectively.