ABSTRACT
In this research, the core objective is to explore the effect of super-absorbent polymer material (poly(sodium acrylate)) on the heat storage performance of magnesium sulfate and to investigate the heat transfer behavior of 13X-zeolite, nano-aluminum oxide (nano-Al2O3) and poly(sodium acrylate) modified magnesium sulfate in a reactor. Finally it provides support for future material and reactor design. All characterizations and performance tests were done in the laboratory and a numerical simulation method was used to investigate the heat transfer behavior of the reactor. Through hydrothermal treatment, bulk MgSO4·6H2O was changed into nanoparticles (200-500 nm) when composited with poly(sodium acrylate), 13X-zeolite and nano-Al2O3. Among these materials, MgSO4·6H2O shows the highest activation energy (36.8 kJ mol-1) and the lowest energy density (325 kJ kg-1). The activation energy and heat storage energy density of nano-Al2O3 modified composite material MA-1 are 28.5 kJ mol-1 and 1305 kJ kg-1, respectively. Poly(sodium acrylate) modified composite material, MPSA-3, shows good heat storage energy density (1100 kJ kg-1) and the lowest activation energy (22.3 kJ mol-1) due its high water-absorbing rate and dispersing effect. 13X-zeolite modified composite material MZ-2 shows lower activation energy (32.4 kJ mol-1) and the highest heat storage density (1411 kJ kg-1), which is 4.3 times higher than that of pure magnesium sulfate hexahydrate. According to the heat transfer numerical simulation, hygroscopic additives could prominently change the temperature distribution in the reactor and efficiently release heat to the thermal load side. The experimental and numerical simulation temperatures are similar. This indicates that the result of the numerical simulation is very close to the actual heat transfer behavior. This reactor could output heat at around 50 °C and absorb heat in the range of 100-200 °C. All these results further prove the strategy that thermochemical nanomaterial synthesis technology combined with material-reactor heat transfer numerical simulation is feasible for future material and reactor design.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the therapeutic effect of exosome derived from lipopolysaccharides (LPS) priming mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for diabetic wound healing. Methods Human umbilical cord MSCs were treated with LPS (100ng/ml) for 2 days, the supernatant were then collected, and exosomes were harvested by density gradient centrifugation and identified. Diabetic cutaneous wounds were prepared and the animals were divided into the following three groups: control group, untreated MSCs derived exosome (un-exosome) treatment group and LPS primed MSCs derived exosome (LPS-exosome) treatment group. Exosomes (60μg) were injected dispersively into the wound edge daily for 10 days. After treatment, the therapeutic results were evaluated by gross observation of the wounds, the expression levels of inflammation related factors and macrophage subtype markers in the injured sites were detected by qRT-PCR at day 3, 7 and 14 after treatment. Results Compared with control group, the diabetic wound healing was obviously improved in LPS-exosome treatment group after treatment for 7 and 14 days, with faster wound close, depressed expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1, IL-12 and M1 macrophage surface marker iNOS, and upregulation of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10, TGF-β and M2 macrophage surface marker CD163, the differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions LPS-exosome may balance macrophage plasticity, restrain chronic inflammation and accelerate diabetic cutaneous wound healing.
ABSTRACT
It is very interesting that magic electron affection promotes growth of nanocrystals due to nanoscale characteristics of electronic de Broglie wave which produces resonance to transfer energy to atoms. In our experiment, it was observed that silicon nanocrystals rapidly grow with irradiation of electron beam on amorphous silicon film prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), and silicon nanocrystals almost occur in sphere shape on smaller nanocrystals with less irradiation time of electron beam. In the process, it was investigated that condensed structures of silicon nanocrystals are changed with different impurity atoms in silicon film, in which localized states emission was observed. Through electron beam irradiation for 15 min on amorphous Si film doped with oxygen impurity atoms by PLD process, enhanced photoluminescence emission peaks are observed in visible light. And electroluminescence emission is manipulated into the optical communication window on the bigger Si-Yb-Er nanocrystals after irradiation of electron beam for 30 min.
ABSTRACT
The pig-tailed macaque is an important non-human primate experimental animal model that has been widely used in the research of AIDS and other diseases. Pig-tailed macaques include Mentawai macaques (Macaca pagensis), Sunda pig-tailed macaques (M. nemestrina) and northern pig-tailed macaques (M. leonina). Northern pig-tailed macaques inhabit China and surrounding Southeast Asia countries. To our knowledge, no reports have been published regarding the hematology and blood chemistry parameters of northern pig-tailed macaques, which are important for the objective evaluation of experimental results. We measured and analyzed 18 hematology parameters and 13 blood chemistry parameters in juvenile (aged 2-4 years) and adult (aged 5-10 years) northern pig-tailed macaques. We found that red blood cells, hemoglobin and alkaline phosphatase values were lower in female macaques than male macaques in both juvenile and adult groups. White blood cells, lymphocyte, monocytes, platelet distribution width, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase values were higher in juvenile macaques than adult macaques, while creatinine and triglycerides values were lower in juvenile macaques. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin and creatinine values were positively correlated with weight in juvenile groups. In adult groups, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, percentage of granulocyte, hemoglobin and creatinine were also positively correlated with weight, and lymphocyte, percentage of lymphocyte, red cell distribution width, aspartate aminotransferase and cholesterol values were negatively correlated with weight. The results suggest that age, gender and weight of northern pig-tailed macaques affected their hematology and blood chemistry parameters. This hematological and blood chemistry study has great significance in biomedical research and animal models using northern pig-tailed macaque as an experimental animal.
Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis , Macaca nemestrina/blood , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology , Animals , Female , HIV-1/physiology , Hematology , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The human mitochondrial genome consists of approximate 1500 genes, among which 37 are encoded by the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the remainder encoded in the nuclear DNA (nDNA). The mitochondria produces large amount of the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS induces the mutations of mtDNA and mtDNA, which are associated with a wide range of age-related diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiomyopathy, diabetes and various cancers.
