ABSTRACT
Pterygium is a frequent eye surface condition that is characterized by a high rate of proliferation, fibrovascular development, cellular migration, corneal infiltration, and angiogenesis. We investigated that ex vivo primary pterygium and conjunctival cell cultures were generated to analyze the effect of trehalose on cellular proliferation. After trehalose treatment, we performed microarray analysis to evaluate changes in the mRNA profile. We analyzed gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathways to identify hub genes that changed expression levels after treatment and were associated with pterygium development. We selected three genes to verify their expression levels using qRT-PCR. The study also evaluated the impact of trehalose treatment on cell migration through a wound-healing assay. Our results suggested that pterygium cell proliferation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by trehalose. 2354 DEG were identified in pterygium and conjunctiva cells treated with trehalose compared to untreated groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed mRNAs are involved in proliferation, vasculature development, and cell migration. We identified ten hub genes including upregulated (RANBP3L, SLC5A3, RERG, ANKRD1, DHCR7, RAB27B, GPRC5B, MSMO1, ASPN, DRAM1) and downregulated (TNC, PTGS2, GREM2, NPTX1, NR4A1, HMOX1, CXCL12, IL6, MYH2, TXNIP). Microarray analysis and functional investigations suggest that trehalose affects the pathogenesis of pterygium by modifying the expression of genes involved in crucial pathways related to cell function.
Subject(s)
Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Conjunctiva , Pterygium , Trehalose , Pterygium/metabolism , Pterygium/drug therapy , Pterygium/genetics , Pterygium/pathology , Humans , Trehalose/pharmacology , Trehalose/metabolism , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Conjunctiva/metabolism , Conjunctiva/drug effects , Conjunctiva/pathology , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Background: The mechanism of argon laser retinal photocoagulation (ALRP) treatment is to apply thermal-induced retinal pigment epithelium damage. Light passes through the anterior optical segments of the eye to reach the retina. Lens densitometry is a noninvasive and quantitative measurement providing information about corneal and lens clarity. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether laser light affects lens clarity and corneal endothelial cells. Design: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study. Methods: Lens densitometric (LD) analysis and specular microscopy were performed before, after, and 1 month after ALRP treatment, by an expert ophthalmologist, blinded to the medical status of the patients. LD analysis was performed using a Pentacam HR (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and a Specular Microscope CEM-530 (Nidek, Japan) was used for endothelial cell analysis. Results: The evaluation was made on 81 eyes of 41 patients, with a mean age of 54.46 ± 6.7 years. LD, after ALRP, was significantly more than before ALRP (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in LD, before ALRP, and 1 month after ALRP (p = 0.262). There was a statistically significant increase in LD after ALRP compared to before ALRP, but it decreased after 1 month. There was an increase in the coefficient of variance (CV) after ALRP compared to before ALRP but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.188). There was no statistically significant difference in CV between before ALRP and 1 month after ALRP (p = 1.000). There was no statistically significant difference in the cell density, the hexagonality percentage between before ALRP, after ALRP, and 1 month after ALRP (p = 0.993, and 0.863, respectively). Conclusion: ALRP may affect the lens densitometry temporarily during the procedure. Thermal damage may be the reason for increased lens densitometry.