Skull base osteomyelitis due to bilateral acute otitis media: Case report and literature review.

Skull base osteomyelitis is a rare and serious condition that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals and can be life threatening if not treated promptly. It can have various origins, with the most common being an extension of necrotizing external otitis. It is difficult to diagnose due to a wide array of clinical presentations. Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis, identification of the possible source of infection, the extent of the disease, the pattern of spread and identification of associated complications. Early diagnosis is crucial to promptly initiate appropriate treatment. We report here a rare case of a 68-year-old patient presenting with skull base osteomyelitis resulting from bilateral otitis media, which is a rare condition.

Breast Hamartoma With Synchronous Contralateral Breast Cancer: A Case Report.

Breast hamartoma is a rare benign growth often overlooked and consequently not well-documented, mainly due to insufficient recognition of its distinct clinical and histological features. Increasing awareness about this relatively obscure benign condition is crucial because it can mimic both benign and malignant breast tumors clinically. Its association with breast cancer is infrequently documented in medical literature. Additionally, it may be linked to PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, which involves a mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene. This article presents a case study of a young woman diagnosed with left breast carcinoma, where imaging revealed a sizable mass on the opposite breast consistent with a breast hamartoma.

Congenital right optic nerve colobomatous cyst associated with microphthalmos.

Optic nerve coloboma is a congenital defect caused by the incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure. This closure begins around the fifth week of gestation, when the embryo measures approximately 7 to 14 mm. Colobomas may appear as isolated defects or alongside other ocular and systemic abnormalities. They typically occur in the inferonasal quadrant, where the optic vesicle undergoes closure. This closure process starts centrally within the eye and progresses both anteriorly and posteriorly. The distinct nature of these closures can result in an optic nerve coloboma without an associated iris coloboma. The formation of a coloboma can be attributed to external factors affecting the fetus during pregnancy or to a genetic mutation, such as an autosomal dominant mutation in the Pax gene, which is linked to bilateral colobomas. Small colobomas generally require only clinical and radiological observation, whereas larger colobomas may need surgical intervention to remove the cyst and prevent complications related to orbital content development, thereby improving cosmetic outcomes.

A Rare Case of Infantile Myofibromatosis With Intra Cranial Involvement.

Infantile myofibromatosis is a proliferative disorder occurring during infancy and early childhood, marked by the development of nodular or diffuse lesions consisting of various mesenchymal elements. Intracranial involvement is infrequently reported. Here, we present the case of a 3-year-old girl exhibiting a rare manifestation of IM with intracranial parenchymal involvement, displaying a histological pattern documented in existing literature on patients with infantile myofibromatosis. Subsequent MRI follow-up revealed no signs of recurrence.

Progressive ataxia and palatal tremor (PAPT) with hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD): A case report.

Palatal tremor has been subdivided into essential (EPT) and symptomatic palatal tremor (SPT). Progressive ataxia and palatal tremor syndrome (PAPT) is a subgroup of symptomatic palatal tremor (SPT). It can be divided into familial and sporadic forms. Sporadic PAPT is characterized by progressive cerebellar degeneration. The cause of sporadic PAPT remains uncertain. MRI examination found an enlarged appearance of the olivary nuclei with increased signal intensity on T2 and FLAIR images. Here we report a case of a mid-adult-onset man which presents a worsening cerebellar progressive ataxia with palatal tremor, in whom imaging reveals abnormalities of the olivary nuclei with tardive cerebellar atrophy which has been diagnosed as a sporadic PAPT.

Primary rectal adenocarcinoma with musculoskeletal metastasis as the only metastasis site: A case report with a short literature review.

Rectal carcinoma with metastasis to skeletal muscle is a rare occurrence. Since 1970, only 30 cases of skeletal muscle metastasis originating from colorectal adenocarcinomas have been documented, underscoring its exceptionally low incidence. Here, we present the case of a middle-aged man who was diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma 3 months ago. During examination, a subcutaneous mass was discovered in the left proximal buttock. Histological analysis of a biopsy confirmed that this mass was a metastatic lesion originating from the primary rectal adenocarcinoma.

Unusual Case of Diffuse Neonatal Hemangiomatosis Case Report and Literature Review.

Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis (DNH) is an infrequent condition characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of multiple cutaneous hemangiomas and the involvement of 3 or more organs. DNH is suspected when multiple hemangiomas are identified on the skin of the infant. Although it is benign in nature, DNH can lead to critical and life-threatening complications. Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical evaluation with a significant emphasis on imaging techniques. In this case report, we present an unusual pediatric case of diffuse infantile hemangioendothelioma, for which the investigative approach included ultrasound and CT scans. These imaging methods were instrumental in revealing the presence of lesions in the liver, thyroid, and brain, ultimately playing a pivotal role in making the diagnosis of DNH. A positive clinical and biological improvement was observed with corticosteroid treatment during a 3-month follow-up.

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome: A Misdiagnosed Disorder.

The superior mesenteric artery syndrome also known as Wilkie's syndrome or Benign duodenal stasis, is a condition that occurs when the third duodenum is compressed between the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly and the abdominal aorta posteriorly following the disappearance of the perivascular fatty tissue. It can emulate the symptoms of an upper abdominal obstruction. This case involves a 9-year-old female patient experiencing food vomiting that did not improve with medication. Radiological work-up, which included an abdominal X-ray and a CT angiography, led to the diagnosis of extrinsic and incomplete obstruction of the third duodenum by the aorto-mesenteric clamp. Unfortunately, this diagnosis is rarely made. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the etiology, clinical presentation, and imaging findings of this syndrome.

Isolated perineal endometriosis? Yes ... an exceptional location.

Endometriosis is a nonmalignant condition characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Perineal endometriosis, an uncommon occurrence, involves the presence of endometrial tissue in the superficial perineum. In this report, we present a unique case of a 40-year-old woman with no known history of endometriosis. She had undergone an episiotomy 10 months prior and presented with swelling in the left perineal region, with no signs of inflammation or fever. To investigate the condition, a pelvic MRI was performed, revealing a rounded collection in the left perineal area, leading to the suspicion of perineal endometriosis based on the patient's pain pattern and medical history. The diagnosis was subsequently confirmed after drainage.

Omental infarction found incidentally during metastatic workup: A report of 2 cases.

Omental infarction is an uncommon cause of acute abdominal pain that can occur in different several locations. We report 2 cases of omental infarction diagnosed at computed tomography (CT) scan performed as part of routine oncological surveillance, one right-sided and the other left sided. This paper illustrates the range of CT scan findings and highlights the important clinical implications of this radiological diagnosis.

Myocardial Calcifications: An Exceptional Complication of Sepsis.

Myocardial calcifications (MCs) are a fatal condition that often complicates ischemic heart disease, cardiac surgery, rheumatic fever, or myocarditis. To date, cases where myocardial calcifications result from a septic state have rarely been reported. In this paper, we describe the primary imaging findings and discuss both proven and hypothetical mechanisms of MCs in the context of sepsis.

Cerebellar stroke complicating coronary catheterization: a case report.

Cerebrovascular events are rare but devastating events that can complicate any coronary intervention. In the vast majority of cases, they involve major cerebral arteries. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman admitted for unstable angina associated with severe left systolic dysfunction. She developed moderate cerebellar stroke while undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, with a national institutes of health stroke scale score of 5. Immediate systemic thrombolysis was performed, but her neurological status deteriorated. A large hemorrhagic transformation was then diagnosed, and she died despite surgical intervention. Periprocedural strokes are marred with high morbidity and mortality, therefore preventionis key, as many risk factors can be controlled or mitigated. Our patient presented many of these factors; they can be procedure-related (transfemoral approach, anticoagulation) or patient-related (age, diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension, diffuse atherosclerosis).