Study on sports injuries and rehabilitation in badminton players / Estudo sobre lesões esportivas e reabilitação em jogadores de badminton / Estudio sobre lesiones deportivas y rehabilitación en jugadores de bádminton

ABSTRACT Introduction Badminton has a wide audience and a large development market in China. Although it benefits the flexibility of sedentary workers by recruiting the whole body's musculature, it can also cause a harmful effect due to lack of preparation or intensity during matches. Objective Study the methods of sports injury and rehabilitation of badminton players. Methods 60 badminton players with low back injuries were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The control group used the traditional method of recovery by manual techniques. An intervention with core stability training lasting 40 minutes three times a week for six weeks was added to the experimental group. Results The degree of injury of badminton players is mostly mild, with some cases of moderate and severe injury. The combination of core strengthening associated with manual therapy rehabilitation and stretching can accelerate the muscular rehabilitation of the lumbar spine. Conclusion In the rehabilitation process of badminton injuries, we should combine physical training with traditional rehabilitation techniques, increasing the effectiveness of sports rehabilitation. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução O badminton tem um público amplo e um grande mercado de desenvolvimento na China. Embora beneficie a flexibilidade de trabalhadores sedentários ao recrutar toda a musculatura corporal, ele também pode causar um efeito deletério devido a falhas na preparação ou intensidade durante os jogos. Objetivo Estudar os métodos de lesão esportiva e reabilitação de jogadores de badminton. Métodos 60 jogadores de badminton com lesão lombar foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e grupo controle. O grupo controle utilizou o método tradicional de recuperação por técnicas manuais. Ao grupo experimental foi adicionada uma intervenção com treinamento de estabilidade do core com duração de 40 minutos, três vezes por semana, durante seis semanas. Resultados O grau de lesão dos jogadores de badminton é majoritariamente leve, com alguns casos de lesão moderada e grave. A combinação do fortalecimento do core associada à reabilitação por terapia manual e alongamentos pode acelerar a reabilitação muscular da coluna lombar. Conclusão No processo de reabilitação de lesões de badminton, devemos combinar o treinamento físico com as técnicas de reabilitação tradicionais, aumentando a eficácia da reabilitação esportiva. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción El bádminton tiene un amplio público y un gran mercado de desarrollo en China. Aunque beneficia a la flexibilidad de los trabajadores sedentarios al reclutar toda la musculatura del cuerpo, también puede causar un efecto deletéreo debido a la falta de preparación o intensidad durante los partidos. Objetivo Estudiar los métodos de lesión deportiva y rehabilitación de los jugadores de bádminton. Métodos 60 jugadores de bádminton con lesión lumbar fueron divididos aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control. El grupo de control utilizó el método tradicional de recuperación mediante técnicas manuales. Al grupo experimental se le añadió una intervención con entrenamiento de estabilidad del núcleo de 40 minutos, tres veces por semana, durante seis semanas. Resultados El grado de lesión de los jugadores de bádminton es mayoritariamente leve, con algunos casos de lesiones moderadas y graves. La combinación de fortalecimiento del core asociada a la rehabilitación de terapia manual y a los estiramientos puede acelerar la rehabilitación muscular de la columna lumbar. Conclusión En el proceso de rehabilitación de las lesiones de bádminton, debemos combinar el entrenamiento físico con las técnicas de rehabilitación tradicionales, aumentando la eficacia de la rehabilitación deportiva. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Genome-wide characterization of the abscisic acid-, stress- and ripening-induced (ASR) gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

BACKGROUND: Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) genes are a class of plant specific transcription factors (TFs), which play important roles in plant development, growth and abiotic stress responses. The wheat ASRs have not been described in genome-wide yet. METHODS: We predicted the transmembrane regions and subcellular localization using the TMHMM server, and Plant-mPLoc server and CELLO v2.5, respectively. Then the phylogeny tree was built by MEGA7. The exon-intron structures, conserved motifs and TFs binding sites were analyzed by GSDS, MEME program and PlantRegMap, respectively. RESULTS: In wheat, 33ASR genes were identified through a genome-wide survey and classified into six groups. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the TaASR proteins in the same group tightly clustered together, compared with those from other species. Duplication analysis indicated that the TaASR gene family has expanded mainly through tandem and segmental duplication events. Similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs of TaASRs in wheat were identified in the same groups. ASR genes contained various TF binding cites associated with the stress responses in the promoter region. Gene expression was generally associated with the expected group-specific expression pattern in five tissues, including grain, leaf, root, spike and stem, indicating the broad conservation of ASR genes function during wheat evolution. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that several ASRs were up-regulated in response to NaCl and PEG stress. CONCLUSION: We identified ASR genes in wheat and found that gene duplication events are the main driving force for ASR gene evolution in wheat. The expression of wheat ASR genes was modulated in responses to multiple abiotic stresses, including drought/osmotic and salt stress. The results provided important information for further identifications of the functions of wheat ASR genes and candidate genes for high abiotic stress tolerant wheat breeding.

Genome-wide characterization of the abscisic acid-, stress- and ripening-induced (ASR) gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L)

BACKGROUND: Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) genes are a class of plant specific transcription factors (TFs), which play important roles in plant development, growth and abiotic stress responses. The wheat ASRs have not been described in genome-wide yet. METHODS: We predicted the transmembrane regions and subcellular localization using the TMHMM server, and Plant-mPLoc server and CELLO v2.5, respectively. Then the phylogeny tree was built by MEGA7. The exon-intron structures, conserved motifs and TFs binding sites were analyzed by GSDS, MEME program and PlantRegMap, respectively. RESULTS: In wheat, 33ASR genes were identified through a genome-wide survey and classified into six groups. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the TaASR proteins in the same group tightly clustered together, compared with those from other species. Duplication analysis indicated that the TaASR gene family has expanded mainly through tandem and segmental duplication events. Similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs of TaASRs in wheat were identified in the same groups. ASR genes contained various TF binding cites associated with the stress responses in the promoter region. Gene expression was generally associated with the expected group-specific expression pattern in five tissues, including grain, leaf, root, spike and stem, indicating the broad conservation of ASR genes function during wheat evolution. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that several ASRs were up-regulated in response to NaCl and PEG stress. CONCLUSION: We identified ASR genes in wheat and found that gene duplication events are the main driving force for ASR gene evolution in wheat. The expression of wheat ASR genes was modulated in responses to multiple abiotic stresses, including drought/osmotic and salt stress. The results provided important information for further identifications of the functions of wheat ASR genes and candidate genes for high abiotic stress tolerant wheat breeding.

Early predictive efficacy of core antigen on antiviral outcomes in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infected patients

Response-guided therapy is of limited use in developing countries because hepatitis C virus RNA detection by sensitive molecular methods is time- and labor-consuming and expen- sive. We evaluated early predictive efficacy of serum hepatitis C virus core antigen kinetics on sustained virologic response in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus during pegylated interferon plus ribavirin treatment. For 478 patients recruited, hepatitis C virus RNAs were detected at baseline, and at weeks 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 using Cobas TaqMan. Architect hepatitis C virus core antigen was performed at baseline, and weeks 4 and 12. Predictive values of hepatitis C virus core antigen on sustained virologic response were compared to hepatitis C virus RNA. In the first 12 weeks after treatment initiation the dynamic patterns of serum hepatitis C virus core antigen and hepatitis C virus RNA levels were similar in sustained virologic response, relapse, and null response patients groups. Although areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves of hepatitis C virus core antigen were lower than those of hepatitis C virus RNA at the same time points, modeling analysis showed that undetectable hepatitis C virus core antigen (rapid virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen) had similar positive predictive value on sustained virologic response to hepatitis C virus RNA at week 4 (90.4% vs 93.3%), and hepatitis C virus core antigen decrease greater than 1 log10 IU/mL (early virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen) had similar negative predictive value to hepatitis C virus RNA at week 12 (94.1% vs 95.Z%). Analysis on the validation group demonstrated a positive predictivevalue of 97.5% in rapid virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen and a negative predictive value of 100% in early virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen. In conclusion, hepatitis C virus core antigen is comparable to hepatitis C virus RNA in predicting sustained virologic response of chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infected patients, and can be used to guide anti-hepatitis C virus treatment, especially in resource-limited areas.

Early predictive efficacy of core antigen on antiviral outcomes in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infected patients.

Response-guided therapy is of limited use in developing countries because hepatitis C virus RNA detection by sensitive molecular methods is time- and labor-consuming and expensive. We evaluated early predictive efficacy of serum hepatitis C virus core antigen kinetics on sustained virologic response in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus during pegylated interferon plus ribavirin treatment. For 478 patients recruited, hepatitis C virus RNAs were detected at baseline, and at weeks 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 using Cobas TaqMan. Architect hepatitis C virus core antigen was performed at baseline, and weeks 4 and 12. Predictive values of hepatitis C virus core antigen on sustained virologic response were compared to hepatitis C virus RNA. In the first 12 weeks after treatment initiation the dynamic patterns of serum hepatitis C virus core antigen and hepatitis C virus RNA levels were similar in sustained virologic response, relapse, and null response patients groups. Although areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves of hepatitis C virus core antigen were lower than those of hepatitis C virus RNA at the same time points, modeling analysis showed that undetectable hepatitis C virus core antigen (rapid virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen) had similar positive predictive value on sustained virologic response to hepatitis C virus RNA at week 4 (90.4% vs 93.3%), and hepatitis C virus core antigen decrease greater than 1log10IU/mL (early virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen) had similar negative predictive value to hepatitis C virus RNA at week 12 (94.1% vs 95.2%). Analysis on the validation group demonstrated a positive predictive value of 97.5% in rapid virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen and a negative predictive value of 100% in early virological response based on hepatitis C virus core antigen. In conclusion, hepatitis C virus core antigen is comparable to hepatitis C virus RNA in predicting sustained virologic response of chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infected patients, and can be used to guide anti-hepatitis C virus treatment, especially in resource-limited areas.