[The factors affecting the results of mechanical jaundice management]. / Faktory, vliyayushchie na rezul'taty lecheniya bol'nykh s mekhanicheskoi zheltukhoi.

AIM: To improve the results of obstructive jaundice management by rational diagnostic and treatment strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Outcomes of 820 patients with obstructive jaundice syndrome were analyzed. RESULTS: Diagnostic and tactical mistakes were made at pre-hospital stage in 143 (17.4%) patients and in 105 (12.8%) at hospital stage. Herewith, in 53 (6.5%) cases the errors were observed at all stages. Retrospective analysis of severe postoperative complications and lethal outcomes in patients with obstructive jaundice showed that in 23.8% of cases they were explained by diagnostic and tactical mistakes at various stages of examination and treatment. CONCLUSION: We developed an algorithm for obstructive jaundice management to reduce the number of diagnostic and tactical errors, a reduction in the frequency of diagnostic and tactical errors. It reduced the number of postoperative complications up to 16.5% and mortality rate to 3.0%.

[Electrogastroenterography in diagnosis of pyloroduodenal ulcers]. / Elektrogastroénterografiia v diagnostike piloroduodenal'nykh iazv.

The authors propose a noval technique of computer electrogastroenterography to study motor-evacuatory gastrointestinal disorders in patients with pyloroduodenal ulcer (PDU). Bioelectrical activity of the stomach, proxymal and distal portions of the small intestine was compared in 78 patients with uncomplicated and complicated PDU. This activity was found to vary with acid-production function of the stomach, presence or absence of complications (subcompensated and decompensated pyloristenosis). The proposed method can be applied both for diagnosis of the motor-evacuatory disorders and control of therapy in patients with uncomplicated PDU, adequacy of preooperative preparation in complication of ulcer with pyloristenosis.

[Impact of tuberculosis in penal labor facilities on the epidemiological situation in the Sverdlovsk region]. / Vliianie tuberkuleza v ispravitel'no-trudovykh uchrezhdeniiakh na épidemiologicheskuiu situatsiiu v Sverdlovskoi oblasti.

The unfavourable tuberculosis situation in the corrective labour facilities affects the main rates of tuberculosis in the region. Presently, the total registered cases of tuberculosis among prisoners are 36.7 times as high as those in the age-matched general population of the Sverdlovsk Region. The rates of relapses, incidence, death due to tuberculosis show 72.0-, 36.1-, and 10.4-fold increases, respectively. Almost every 10 persons from the labour corrective facilities suffer from active tuberculosis. In the past decade, the growth rates of main tuberculosis parameters in the corrective labour facilities were much higher (total tuberculosis morbidity by 2.1 times, relapses by 2.1 times, general morbidity by 1.7 times, and total tuberculosis mortality by 2.8 times) than those in the region's general population. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis was not virtually detected in the labour corrective facilities) due to the lack of special diagnostic methods.

Localization of ESD and A2M genes to sheep chromosome 3 by in situ hybridization.

The genes encoding esterase D (ESD) and alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M) were mapped using 3H-labeled cDNAs to sheep chromosome 3p26-->p24 and 3q26-->q35 respectively.

[Tuberculosis in prisoners and persons released from penitentiary-labor establishments]. / Tuberkulez u lits, nakhodiashchikhsia v zakliuchenii i osvobozhdennykh iz ispravitel'no-trudovykh uchrezhdenii.

High tuberculosis prevalence found among the convicts of penitentiary-labour establishments 20 times exceeds that found among the adult population of the Sverdlovsk region. Constant migration of patients exists between the antituberculosis institutions of the region and penitentiary-labour establishments located on its territory. Considering the fact that adequate treatment of patients with antisocial behaviour cannot be organized in tuberculosis hospitals the problem must be solved at places of confinement.

Molecular organization and evolution of the D17Leh80-like loci in the mouse t complex.

We determined the sequence of Tu80, one of the molecular clones derived from microdissected fragments of Chromosome (Chr) 17. The sequence data demonstrated that Tu80 contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 204 bp. Two sequences within the ORF, one homologous to the LINE1 element and the other to the first intron of the C epsilon gene of mouse immunoglobulin, were observed. A separate sequence, homologous to Tu80, designated as NOV1, was isolated from a genomic library of mouse Chr 17. NOV1 was found to contain an inserted B2 repeat, making it structurally different from Tu80. The sequences of Tu80 and NOV1 were compared with those of LINE1 and the first intron of the C epsilon gene. The results suggest that the ancestor of the Tu80-like sequence might have arisen through recombination between a LINE1 element and the C epsilon gene. It is concluded that Tu80 and NOV1 might have resulted from duplication of an ancestral sequence followed by divergence. The comparative analysis also demonstrated a high degree of conservation of the LINE1-like sequence in Tu80 and NOV1. Based on the structure of human, rat, rabbit, and mouse LINE1 fragments, as well as those of NOV1 and Tu80, a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The available data tend to support the assumption that the ancestor for the Tu80-like sequence might have arisen not later than 27-33 million years ago.

[Bacteriocin sensitivity as a supplementary taxonomic sign of bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' k bakteriotsinam kak dopolnitel'nyi taksonomicheskii priznak prinadlezhnosti bakterii k rodu Lactobacillus.

It was shown that 90.6 per cent of the Lactobacillus isolates belonging to 15 species was sensitive to one or more lactocin types. Lactocins produced by bacteriocinogenic strains of Lactobacillus in liquid media are characterized by a narrow spectrum limited by the representatives of Lactobacillus. The lactocin sensitivity test may be used with taxonomic purposes as an additional indication of the bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus. A kit of 8 bacteriocinogenic strains of Lactobacillus producing 8 lactocin types is recommended to be used in determination of Lactobacillus sensitivity to bacteriocins.

[Bacteriocin typing of Lactobacillus cultures using a basic set of bacteriocinogenic strains]. / Bakteriotsinotipirovanie kul'tur laktobatsill s pomoshch'iu osnovnogo nabora bakteriotsinogennykh shtammov.

Lactic bacilli of 15 species were divided into 78 bacteriocin types by their sensitivity spectra with respect to the main set of the bacteriocinogenic strains. L. acidophilus-L. salivarious, L. jugurti, L. casei, L. plantarum, L. fermentum, L. brevis, L. buchneri, L. helveticus, L. lactis and L. leichmannii were used in the study. The cultures were divided into 30, 9, 7, 25, 5, 20, 13, 8, 2.2 and 2 bacteriocin types respectively. The method of determining the lactic bacilli sensitivity spectra to 8 bacteriocinogenic strains of the main kit is simple and economic. It allows marking of lactic bacilli and their dividing into bacteriocin types within the species. This may be used in taxonomy and epidemiological studies.

[Bacteriocinogenic typing of lactobacilli]. / Bakteriotsinogenotipirovanie laktobatsill.

Sensitivity of 588 strains of Lactobacilli belonging to 15 species was studied with respect to 39 bacteriocinogenic strains of Lactobacilli producing 39 variants of bacteriocins. The study provided a set of 20 indicator strains of Lactobacilli. With the use of this set it is possible to mark Lactobacilli of various species and differentiate them into 39 bacteriocinogenic types. This may be used in taxonomic and epidemiological studies.