Ultrastructural differences between synovial sarcoma and solitary fibrous tumor: comparative study in adult patients from the National Cancer Institute of Mexico.

Synovial sarcoma (SS) and solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) are entities with considerable morphological and immunohistochemical similarities that sometimes show a non-confirmatory profile (TLE1 negative, CD34 and focal or negative STAT6 and lack of specific fusion IHC markers), in which the utility ultrastructure is unknown. A cross-sectional, retrospective, analytical, nonexperimental study was carried out by the Department of Pathology of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico (INCan) e from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018. With 17 SFT cases with diffuse or focal CD34 and STAT6 positivity and 18 cases of SS with positive FISH molecular test t(X:18) breakapart were studied by electron microscopy of fresh glutaraldehyde fixed or paraffin-embedded tissue. The ultrastructural findings with a significant difference present in the SS were tandem tight junctions, desmosomes and abundance of dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) cisternae (p < 0.001, 0.003, and 0.001, respectively); while in the (SFT) the presence of abundant glycogen, basal lamina, long and slender cytoplasmic processes, pinocytic vesicles, hemidesmosomes, and/or dense plaques, collagen skein, and microvilli-like buds (p = 0.028, 0.005, and <0.001 for the last five). We then infer that the five distinctive markers of the SFT are the collagen skeins intermingled with cellular processes in a shape of "squid can," and the pinocytic vesicles as they were not observed in any case of SS. Conversely, tandem junctions were not found in any SFT case. Although the presence of multivesicular buds in the SFT was not significant, it had not been previously described.

[Histomorphological changes in newborn rat lung induced by maternal sugar intake]. / Cambios histomorfológicos en pulmón de rata recién nacida inducidos por ingesta materna de azúcar.

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory conditions are the most common reason for admission to the neonatal unit for both term and premature newborns. It is known that nutritional imbalances during pregnancy affect the maturation and functional capacity of organs. OBJECTIVE: to describe the pulmonary histomorpholo- gy of newborn rats due to maternal sugar intake by light microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty 4-week-old female Wistar rats divided into control and experimental groups with sucrose before and during pregnancy were used. At week 15, the females mated with males overnight. We recorded va lues from the body and lung weight of the newborns. The lungs were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's trichrome, Periodic acid-Schiff, and Verhoeff. RESULTS: Newborns from the experi mental group presented significantly lower body and lung weight (6.980 ± 0.493* g, 0.164 ± 0.022* g; *p < 0,05) compared with controls (7.854 ± 0.497 g, 0.189 ± 0.005 g). The lungs of the experimental group showed structural alterations in the lung parenchyma, as well as changes in glycogen deposits, collagen fibers, and elastin compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Alterations in newborn lung growth and development are associated with maternal sucrose intake. It is important to re member that interventions on the maternal diet have beneficial effects for both the mother and the newborn.

Cardiovascular autonomic responses during head-up tilt test in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Autonomic dysfunction is commonly observed in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have confirmed the value of both subjectively assessed symptoms and objective measurements of autonomic nervous system function in diagnosing cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. However, the head-up tilt test (HUTT) has been rarely used to investigate cardiovascular autonomic responses in subjects with high risk of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (nT2D). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate autonomic cardiovascular responses through passive orthostatic challenge along the diabetes continuum. METHODS: The study population was stratified as normoglycemic (n = 16), prediabetes (n = 20), and nT2D (n = 20). The prevalence of orthostatic intolerance and autonomic cardiovascular responses was evaluated with the Task Force Monitor during a 30-min passive HUTT. Spectral indices of heart rate and blood pressure variability and baroreceptor effectiveness index (BEI) were calculated through the HUTT. BEI was obtained by the sequence method. RESULTS: There were no differences in the prevalence of orthostatic intolerance or in the indices of heart rate and blood pressure variability among the three groups of study. The BEI was attenuated in the nT2D group in supine rest and throughout HUTT compared with normoglycemic and prediabetes groups. The multivariable linear regression analysis showed that BEI was associated with fasting glucose (ß = - 0.52, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (ß = - 0.57, p  < 0.001) independently of cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, expressed as blunted BEI, is the only abnormal autonomic nervous test detected in nT2D, and it was independently associated with fasting glucose and HbA1c values.

Microgeographic variation in body condition of three Mexican garter snakes in central Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Geographic variation in body size and condition can reveal differential local adaptation to resource availability or climatic factors. Body size and condition are related to fitness in garter snakes (Thamnophis), thus good body condition may increase survival, fecundity in females, and mating success in males. Phylogenetically related species in sympatry are predicted to exhibit similar body condition when they experience similar environmental conditions. We focused on interspecific and geographical variation in body size and condition in three sympatric Mexican garter snakes from the highlands of Central Mexico. METHODS: We assessed SVL, mass, and body condition (obtained from Major axis linear regression of ln-transformed body mass on ln-transformed SVL) in adults and juveniles of both sexes of Thamnophis eques, T. melanogaster, and T. scalaris sampled at different locations and ranges from 3-11 years over a 20-year period. RESULTS: We provide a heterogeneous pattern of sexual and ontogenic reproductive status variations of body size and condition among local populations. Each garter snake species shows locations with good and poor body condition; juvenile snakes show similar body condition between populations, adults show varying body condition between populations, and adults also show sex differences in body condition. We discuss variations in body condition as possibly related to the snakes' life cycle differences.

Post-surgical complications in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy / Complicações pós-cirúrgicas em pacientes com mielopatia espondilótica cervical / Complicaciones posquirúrgicas en pacientes con mielopatíaespondilótica cervical

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the incidence and type of postoperative hospital complications in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) treated by anterior approach, and to describe comorbidities present in patients who had complications. Methods: Retrospective, observational, descriptive cohort study of secondary sources (medical records), over a period of 3 years. We included 180 cases treated by anterior approach, excluding revision surgeries. Results: There was an incidence of complications of 11.11% (20 cases), with no statistically significant difference between sexes. The main complication was pneumonia (50%), associated to prolonged intubation (40%), followed by neurological impairment (20%). In the hospital outcome he was found most often to another hospital discharge (65%, 13 cases). The main comorbidity was systemic arterial hypertension (31.58%, p = 0.46), followed by smoking (26.32%, p 0.10). Conclusions: The highest hospital incidence of postoperative complications was found in patients with CSM treated by anterior approach in relation to that reported in the literature. There was a high incidence of airway complications not correlated with soft tissue edema or hematoma in more than half of the cases. The incidence of airway complications shows an area of opportunity to improve extubation protocols and management of the airways in post-surgical special care unit. Level of Evidence III. SIRELCIS Registry: R-2014-3401-5. Study conducted without commercial support.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a incidência e o tipo de complicações pós-operatórias hospitalares em pacientes com mielopatia espondilótica cervical (MEC) tratados por acesso anterior e descrever as comorbidades presentes em pacientes que tiveram complicações. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, retrospectivo, observacional, e descritivo de fontes secundárias (prontuários médicos), em um período de três anos. Foram incluídos 180 casos tratados por acesso anterior, excluindo cirurgias de revisão. Resultados: Verificou-se incidência de complicações de 11,11% (20 casos), sem diferença estatisticamente significativa entre sexos. A principal complicação foi pneumonia (50%), associada à intubação prolongada (40%), seguida de comprometimento neurológico (20%). No momento da alta, ele foi encontrado na maioria das vezes para outra alta hospitalar (65% dos casos). A principal comorbidade presente foi hipertensão arterial sistêmica (31,58%, p = 0,46), seguida por tabagismo (26,32%, p 0,10). Conclusões: A maior incidência hospitalar de complicações pós-operatórias foi encontrada em pacientes com MEC tratados por acesso anterior com relação ao relatado na literatura. Constatou-se alta incidência de complicações nas vias aéreas não correlacionadas a edema de tecidos moles ou hematoma em mais da metade dos casos. A incidência de complicações nas vias respiratórias mostra uma área de oportunidade para melhorar os protocolos de extubação e manejo das vias aéreas na unidade de cuidados especiais pós-cirúrgicos. Nível de evidência III. Registro SIRELCIS: R-2014-3401-5. Estudo realizado sem apoio comercial.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar la incidencia y el tipo de complicaciones posquirúrgicas intrahospitalarias en pacientes con mielopatía espondilótica cervical (MEC) tratados por vía anterior y describir las comorbilidades presentes en los pacientes que desarrollaron complicaciones. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo de fuentes secundarias (expediente clínico), en un período de 3 años. Se incluyeron 180 casos de MEC tratados por vía anterior, excluyendo cirugías de revisión. Resultados: Se encontró una incidencia de complicaciones del 11,11% (20 casos), sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre sexos. La principal complicación fue neumonía (50%), asociada en 40% a intubación prolongada, seguida por deterioro neurológico (20%). En el desenlace hospitalario se encontró con mayor frecuencia el egreso a otro hospital (65% de los casos complicados). La principal comorbilidad presente fue la hipertensión arterial sistémica (31,58%, p = 0,46), seguida por tabaquismo (26,32%, p 0,10). Conclusiones: Se encontró mayor incidencia de complicaciones posquirúrgicas intrahospitalarias en pacientes con MEC tratados por vía anterior, en relación con lo reportado en la literatura. Se encontró incidencia elevada de complicaciones de vías aéreas, sin relación con edema de partes blandas o hematoma en más de la mitad de los casos. La incidencia de complicaciones de vías respiratorias muestra un área de oportunidad para la mejora de los protocolos de extubación y manejo de vías respiratorias en la unidad de cuidados especiales posquirúrgicos. Nivel de evidencia III. Registro SIRELCIS: R-2014-3401-5. Estudio realizado sin apoyo comercial.

Genetic variation of 17 STR loci in a Mexican Mestizo population from Mexico City.

Genetic data from 17 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci found in the Powerplex® ESX 17 System (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) was evaluated in 162 unrelated Mexican Mestizo individuals from Mexico City. Allele frequencies and forensic parameters were estimated for the 17 STRs. All loci analyzed were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the studied population and showed not any signs of linkage between loci. The combined power of discrimination and the power of exclusion for the 16 aSTRs studied were 1-2.56409·10-19 and 99.999938 %, respectively. Genetic distances reveal a close relationship within different populations of Mexican Mestizos. The obtained data might be useful for population genetics research and for individual identification and paternity testing in forensic science.

Resignificación de roles en la vejez por efectos de la migración: una reflexión desde guanajuato, México / Resignification of roles in old age by effects of migration: a reflection from Guanajuato, Mexico

En el presente articulo se pretende establecer algunos referentes conceptuales que provean una mejor comprension de los cambios que conciernen a los roles de las personas de la tercera edad, a partir de su experiencia directa o indirecta en el fenomeno de la migracion. Se toma como contexto geografico el estado de Guanajuato en Mexico, situando algunos datos socio-demograficos del mismo. Especificamente se abordara el caso de una mujer que vive en la localidad de El Espejo, del municipio de Silao. Los datos presentados, si bien tienen diferentes bases empiricas, se han de considerar una primera etapa de la investigacion, en tanto no se cuenta en este momento en Mexico con un instrumento fiable de base empirica que nos permita estructurar un panorama mas claro sobre las tendencias que atraviesan a los procesos familiares, migratorios y de envejecimiento.(AU)

This article seeks to establish some conceptual referents that might provide a better comprehension of the changes concerning the roles of the elderly people, heading from their direct or indirect experience in the phenomenon of migration. The state of Guanajuato in Mexico is taken as geographical context, placing some sociodemographic data of it. Specifically it will address the case of a woman who lives in El Espejo, municipality of Silao. By presenting some different empirical bases, the data presented must be considered preliminary, as there isn’t, currently, a reliable instrument of empirical basis in Mexico that allows us to structure a clearer picture of the trends that go through the processes of family, migration and aging.(AU)

Resignificación de roles en la vejez por efectos de la migración: una reflexión desde guanajuato, México / Resignification of roles in old age by effects of migration: a reflection from Guanajuato, Mexico

En el presente articulo se pretende establecer algunos referentes conceptuales que provean una mejor comprension de los cambios que conciernen a los roles de las personas de la tercera edad, a partir de su experiencia directa o indirecta en el fenomeno de la migracion. Se toma como contexto geografico el estado de Guanajuato en Mexico, situando algunos datos socio-demograficos del mismo. Especificamente se abordara el caso de una mujer que vive en la localidad de El Espejo, del municipio de Silao. Los datos presentados, si bien tienen diferentes bases empiricas, se han de considerar una primera etapa de la investigacion, en tanto no se cuenta en este momento en Mexico con un instrumento fiable de base empirica que nos permita estructurar un panorama mas claro sobre las tendencias que atraviesan a los procesos familiares, migratorios y de envejecimiento.

This article seeks to establish some conceptual referents that might provide a better comprehension of the changes concerning the roles of the elderly people, heading from their direct or indirect experience in the phenomenon of migration. The state of Guanajuato in Mexico is taken as geographical context, placing some sociodemographic data of it. Specifically it will address the case of a woman who lives in El Espejo, municipality of Silao. By presenting some different empirical bases, the data presented must be considered preliminary, as there isn’t, currently, a reliable instrument of empirical basis in Mexico that allows us to structure a clearer picture of the trends that go through the processes of family, migration and aging.

Comparative effect of Lactobacillus casei and a commercial mangosteen dietary supplement on body weight gain and antibody response to Newcastle disease virus vaccine in fighting roosters.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of Lactobacillus casei and a commercial mixed combination of fruit juice that included Garcinia mangostana fruit extract on body weight gain from 7 to 90 days of age, on the antibody response 23 days after vaccination against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and on the mortality in fighting roosters. Fifty-four 7-day-old birds were randomly distributed into three groups (treated with L. casei, G. mangostana, and saline solution [LC, GM, and SS groups, respectively]) of 18 animals each; all birds were orally treated daily. At 60 and 90 days, the LC group showed the highest body weight gain compared with the other two groups (P<.01). The mean levels of antibody to NDV were significantly higher in the GM group compared with the LC and SS groups (P<.05). Throughout the study the percentages of mortality were 5.55%, 0%, and 22.22% for the LC, GM, and SS groups, respectively. The results indicate that L. casei and the commercial mangosteen dietary supplement intake, compared with the control group, induce beneficial effects in fighting roosters--L. casei on weight gain and the commercial mixed combination of fruit juice with G. mangostana fruit extract on humoral immune response--and both showed none or very low mortality.

Posición prona y supina en la ganancia ponderal en el recién nacido de bajo peso / Prone and supine position in the weight gain in the low birth weight newborn / Posição prona e supina no ganho de peso no recém-nascido de baixo peso ao nascer

Introducción: El bajo peso al nacer es un problema de salud pública mundial y su estudio es fundamental en tanto que la vida depende dela ganancia de peso y es aquí el cuidado de enfermería es por demás relevante. Objetivo General: Analizar la evidencia clínica sobre la posición prona como estrategia de cuidado para favorecer la ganancia ponderal en el RNBP y elaborar un protocolo de investigación de enfermería. Antecedentes: Las evidencias revelan que la posición prona en el RNBP se ha asociado con mejoría en la oxigenación, disminución del gasto de energía, actividad motora, llanto, estrés así como estabilidad en las funciones fisiológicas, sin embargo existen variables asociadas a la posición que influyen en la sobrevida del recién nacido al conservar y ganar peso. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis del estado del arte sobre la posición prona y supina en RNBP en el período de 1985 al 2008 en bases de datos CINALH, Cochrane, Medlline, Artemisa. Se elaboró un código de búsqueda que consistió en preterm, premataure, low birthweight neonates, prone, supine, position, weigth growth/gain, preterm/infant new born, premature infant/neonate, prone/supine position, prone/supine placement y sus sinónimos en español. Conclusiones: La posición prona en contraste con otras posiciones es benéfica ya que tiene implicaciones en las funciones fisiológicas, principalmente en la oxigenación evitando fatiga y consumo de gasto calórico que repercuten en la ganancia de peso. Sin embargo como cuidado de enfermería es por demás trascendental, en tanto que su aplicación de manera documentada, permite primero disminuir riesgos que pueden incidir en la vida y ganancia de peso, segundo para la institución reducir estancia hospitalaria y consecuentemente costo, tercero como indicador de calidad del cuidado. Sin lugar a dudas el diseño de un protocolo de intervención de enfermería en el cuidado básico de la posición tiene vital importancia.

Introduction: Low birth weight is a global public health problem and its study is fundamental in that life depends on weight gain and nursing care is important here. General Objective: To analyze the clinical evidence on the prone position as a care strategy to favor weight gain in the RNBP and to elaborate a nursing research protocol. Background: The evidence reveals that the prone position in the RNBP has been associated with improvement in oxygenation, decreased energy expenditure, motor activity, crying, stress as well as stability in physiological functions, however there are variables associated with the position that They influence the survival of the newborn by conserving and gaining weight. Methodology: An analysis of the state of the art on the prone and supine position in RNBP was carried out in the period from 1985 to 2008 in databases CINALH, Cochrane, Medlline, Artemisa. A search code was elaborated that consisted of preterm, premataure, low birthweight neonates, prone, supine, position, weigth growth / gain, preterm / infant newborn, premature infant / neonate, prone / supine position, prone / supine placement and their synonyms in Spanish. Conclusions: The prone position in contrast to other positions is beneficial since it has implications in physiological functions, mainly in oxygenation avoiding fatigue and consumption of caloric expenditure that have an impact on weight gain. However, as nursing care is very important, while its application in a documented manner, first allows to reduce risks that may affect life and weight gain, second for the institution to reduce hospital stay and consequently cost, third as an indicator of quality of care Undoubtedly, the design of a nursing intervention protocol in the basic care of the position is of vital importance.

Introdução: O baixo peso ao nascer é um problema global de saúde pública e seu estudo é fundamental, pois a vida depende do ganho de peso e o cuidado de enfermagem é importante aqui. Objetivo Geral: Analisar a evidência clínica na posição prona como uma estratégia de atenção para promover ganho de peso em BPN e desenvolver um protocolo de pesquisa de enfermagem. Antecedentes: A evidência mostra que a posição prona no BPN tem sido associada com melhora da oxigenação, redução do gasto energético, atividade motora, choro, estresse e estabilidade nas funções fisiológicas, mas há variáveis ​​associadas com a posição Eles influenciam a sobrevivência do recém-nascido, conservando e ganhando peso. Metodologia: uma análise do estado da arte da posição prona e supina no BPN no período de 1985 a 2008 foi realizada em base CINALH, Cochrane, Medlline, os dados Artemis. uma pesquisa de código consistia em prematuros, premataure, neonatos baixo peso ao nascer, de bruços, supina, posição, weigth crescimento / ganho, prematuro / bebes recém-nascido, prematuro infantil / neonatal, posição prona / supina foi desenvolvido, propenso / colocação em decúbito dorsal e sinônimos em espanhol. Conclusões: posição de pronação, em contraste com outras posições é benéfico porque tem implicações para as funções fisiológicas, particularmente em evitar a fadiga e o consumo de oxigenação do consumo de calorias afectar o ganho de peso. No entanto, como os cuidados de enfermagem é outro transcendental, enquanto que a sua aplicação documentado forma, pode primeiro reduzir os riscos que podem afetar o ganho de vida e de peso, segundo a instituição para reduzir tempo de internação e, consequentemente, o custo, o terceiro como um indicador de qualidade de atendimento Sem dúvida, o desenho de um protocolo de intervenção de enfermagem no cuidado básico da posição é de vital importância.