Anxiety/etiology , Depression/etiology , Photosensitivity Disorders/psychology , Urticaria/psychology , Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Dermatologic Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Middle Aged , Photosensitivity Disorders/epidemiology , Photosensitivity Disorders/therapy , Seasons , Ultraviolet Therapy , Urticaria/epidemiology , Urticaria/therapy , Young Adult
Azathioprine/adverse effects , Pellagra/chemically induced , Photosensitivity Disorders/etiology , Adolescent , Azathioprine/administration & dosage , Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy , Drug Eruptions/diagnosis , Drug Eruptions/etiology , Female , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects
Catheterization, Peripheral/instrumentation , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Polyurethanes/adverse effects , Administration, Intravenous , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Patch Tests
Cosmetics/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Dermatologic Agents/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Antioxidants/adverse effects , Child , Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy , Dermatologic Agents/chemistry , Female , Humans , Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Patch Tests , Young Adult , alpha-Tocopherol/adverse effects
Drug Eruptions/etiology , Lichenoid Eruptions/chemically induced , Thienopyridines/adverse effects , Clopidogrel , Drug Eruptions/diagnosis , Drug Eruptions/pathology , Humans , Lichenoid Eruptions/diagnosis , Lichenoid Eruptions/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Thienopyridines/administration & dosage , Ticlopidine/administration & dosage , Ticlopidine/adverse effects , Ticlopidine/analogs & derivatives
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Ketoprofen/adverse effects , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/etiology , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Female , Humans , Ketoprofen/administration & dosage , Patch Tests
Cyclohexenes/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Occupational/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Pinus/adverse effects , Plant Oils/adverse effects , Soaps/adverse effects , Terpenes/adverse effects , Adult , Automobiles , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Humans , Limonene , Male , Pinus/chemistry , Soaps/chemistry
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Chlorpromazine/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/diagnosis , Aged , Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage , Chlorpromazine/administration & dosage , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Treatment Outcome
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of possible photoallergic contact dermatitis in at-risk populations is often not undertaken, and an agreed methodology for investigation is uncommonly used. OBJECTIVES: We conducted a retrospective multicentre study to determine the prevalence of photoallergic contact dermatitis in Italy. METHODS: A total of 1082 patients with histories and clinical features suggestive of photoallergic contact dermatitis were evaluated. All the patients had undergone photopatch testing with allergens proposed for Italy as well as other substances suggested by each patient's personal history. RESULTS: 234 patients (21.6%) were positive to at least one test substance of the standard photopatch testing series or to added substances. 234 patients (21.6%) were positive to at least one substance with a total of 290 reactions. 204 of the reactions were typically photoallergic; 68 reactions were allergic and within this group 10 were photoaugmented reactions; 18 reactions were considered to be phototoxic. CONCLUSION: The predominant group of photoallergens was drugs, followed by organic UV filters and antimicrobial agents.
Allergens/classification , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/epidemiology , Patch Tests/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Allergens/administration & dosage , Dermatitis, Phototoxic/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Phototoxic/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/diagnosis , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/epidemiology , Italy/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Patch Tests/methods , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors
Acrylates/adverse effects , Adhesives/adverse effects , Allergens/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Scalp Dermatoses/diagnosis , Acrylates/therapeutic use , Adult , Alopecia Areata/drug therapy , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Patch Tests , Scalp Dermatoses/chemically induced , Scalp Dermatoses/pathology