Measurement of the positive muon lifetime and determination of the Fermi constant to part-per-million precision.

We report a measurement of the positive muon lifetime to a precision of 1.0 ppm; it is the most precise particle lifetime ever measured. The experiment used a time-structured, low-energy muon beam and a segmented plastic scintillator array to record more than 2×10(12) decays. Two different stopping target configurations were employed in independent data-taking periods. The combined results give τ(µ(+)) (MuLan)=2 196 980.3(2.2) ps, more than 15 times as precise as any previous experiment. The muon lifetime gives the most precise value for the Fermi constant: G(F) (MuLan)=1.166 378 8(7)×10(-5) GeV(-2) (0.6 ppm). It is also used to extract the µ(-)p singlet capture rate, which determines the proton's weak induced pseudoscalar coupling g(P).

Test of isospin symmetry via low-energy 1H(pi{-},pi{0})n charge exchange.

We report measurements of the pi;{-}p-->pi;{0}n differential cross sections at six momenta (104-143 MeV/c) and four angles (0 degrees -40 degrees ) by detection of gamma-ray pairs from pi;{0}-->gammagamma decays using a photon-pair spectrometer at TRIUMF. This kinematic region exhibits a vanishing zero-degree cross section from destructive interference between s and p waves, thus yielding special sensitivity to pion-nucleon dynamics. Our data and previous data do not agree, with important implications for earlier claims of large isospin-violating effects.

Improved measurement of the positive-muon lifetime and determination of the Fermi constant.

The mean life of the positive muon has been measured to a precision of 11 ppm using a low-energy, pulsed muon beam stopped in a ferromagnetic target, which was surrounded by a scintillator detector array. The result, tau(micro)=2.197 013(24) micros, is in excellent agreement with the previous world average. The new world average tau(micro)=2.197 019(21) micros determines the Fermi constant G(F)=1.166 371(6)x10(-5) GeV-2 (5 ppm). Additionally, the precision measurement of the positive-muon lifetime is needed to determine the nucleon pseudoscalar coupling g(P).

Ortho-para transition rate in mu-molecular hydrogen and the proton's induced pseudoscalar coupling gp.

We report a measurement of the ortho-para transition rate in the p mu p molecule. The experiment was conducted at TRIUMF via the measurement of the time dependence of the 5.2 MeV neutrons from muon capture in liquid hydrogen. The measurement yielded an ortho-para rate Lambda op = (11.1 +/- 1.7 +/-(0.9)(0.6)) x 10(4) s(-1), which is substantially larger than the earlier result of Bardin et al. The result has striking implications for the proton's induced pseudoscalar coupling g(p), changing the value of g(p) obtained from the most precise ordinary muon capture measurement from 10.6 +/- 2.7 to 0.8 +/- 2.8, and from the sole radiative muon capture measurement from 12.2 +/- 1.1 to 10.6 +/- 1.2, bringing the latter result closer to theoretical predictions.

Observation of double radiative capture on pionic hydrogen.

We report the first observation of double radiative capture on pionic hydrogen. The experiment was conducted at the TRIUMF cyclotron using the RMC spectrometer and detected gamma-ray coincidences following pi(-) stops in liquid hydrogen. We found the branching ratio for double radiative capture to be [3.05+/-0.27(stat)+/-0.31(syst)]x10(-5). The measured branching ratio and angle-energy distributions support the theoretical prediction of a dominant contribution from the pipi-->gammagamma annihilation mechanism.