Cardiorespiratory Fitness Attenuates the Obesity Risk in Chinese Children Who Have Parents with Overweight/Obesity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of parental weight status and offspring cardiorespiratory fitness on the risk of obesity among Chinese children. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Wuhan, China from May to June 2010. Children's height, weight, and waist circumference were measured for assessing their total and central obesity. Their cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by the 20-m shuttle-run test. We calculated parental body mass index according to self-reported height and weight, and divided it into normal weight or overweight/obesity. Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to estimate the combined relationships of cardiorespiratory fitness and parental weight status with the risk of obesity of children. RESULTS: A total of 587 Chinese children (343 boys and 244 girls) aged 9.6 (0.7) years participated in this study. Compared with those who had low cardiorespiratory fitness and at least 1 parent with overweight/obesity, children who had high cardiorespiratory fitness and at least 1 parent with overweight/obesity reported lower risks of total obesity (OR 0.12, 95% CI .05-0.30) and central obesity (OR .09, 95% CI .04-0.20), and children who had high cardiorespiratory fitness and no parent with overweight/obesity were 89% (OR 0.11, 95% CI .05-0.24) less likely to have total obesity and 92% (OR .08, 95% CI .04-0.16) less likely to have central obesity (all P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: High level of cardiorespiratory fitness among children could attenuate the influence of parental obesity on their offspring's weight status.

Anti-Trimeresurus albolabris venom IgY antibodies: preparation, purification and neutralization efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Snakebite incidence in southwestern China is mainly attributed to one of the several venomous snakes found in the country, the white-lipped green pit viper Trimeresurus albolabris. Since antivenom produced from horses may cause numerous clinical side effects, the present study was conducted aiming to develop an alternative antivenom antibody (immunoglobulin Y - IgY) from leghorn chickens. METHODS: IgY in egg yolk from white leghorn chicken previously injected with T. albolabris venom was extracted by water, precipitated by ammonium sulfate and purified by affinity chromatographic system. IgY was identified by SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot, and its neutralizing assay was conducted on mice. RESULTS: Chickens injected multiple times with T. albolabris venom elicited strong antibody responses, and from their egg yolk IgY was isolated and purified, which exhibited a single protein band on SDS-PAGE and two bands (about 65 and 35 kDa, respectively) under reduced conditions. Immunoblot analysis revealed that these IgY are polyclonal antibodies since they bind with most venom components. In the neutralizing assay, all mice survived while the ratios of IgY/venom reached up to 3.79 (50.0 mg/13.2 mg). CONCLUSIONS: IgY antibody response was successfully conducted in white leghorn chicken injected with T. albolabris venom. IgY against T. albolabris venom was obtained for the first time, and it exhibited strong neutralizing potency on mice. These results may lay a foundation for the development of IgY antivenom with clinical applications in the future.

Anti-Trimeresurus albolabris venom IgY antibodies: preparation, purification and neutralization efficacy

Snakebite incidence in southwestern China is mainly attributed to one of the several venomous snakes found in the country, the white-lipped green pit viper Trimeresurus albolabris. Since antivenom produced from horses may cause numerous clinical side effects, the present study was conducted aiming to develop an alternative antivenom antibody (immunoglobulin Y - IgY) from leghorn chickens. Methods IgY in egg yolk from white leghorn chicken previously injected with T. albolabris venom was extracted by water, precipitated by ammonium sulfate and purified by affinity chromatographic system. IgY was identified by SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot, and its neutralizing assay was conducted on mice. Results Chickens injected multiple times with T. albolabris venom elicited strong antibody responses, and from their egg yolk IgY was isolated and purified, which exhibited a single protein band on SDS-PAGE and two bands (about 65 and 35 kDa, respectively) under reduced conditions. Immunoblot analysis revealed that these IgY are polyclonal antibodies since they bind with most venom components. In the neutralizing assay, all mice survived while the ratios of IgY/venom reached up to 3.79 (50.0 mg/13.2 mg). Conclusions IgY antibody response was successfully conducted in white leghorn chicken injected with T. albolabrisvenom. IgY against T. albolabris venom was obtained for the first time, and it exhibited strong neutralizing potency on mice. These results may lay a foundation for the development of IgY antivenom with clinical applications in the future.(AU)

Anti-Trimeresurus albolabris venom IgY antibodies: preparation, purification and neutralization efficacy

Snakebite incidence in southwestern China is mainly attributed to one of the several venomous snakes found in the country, the white-lipped green pit viper Trimeresurus albolabris. Since antivenom produced from horses may cause numerous clinical side effects, the present study was conducted aiming to develop an alternative antivenom antibody (immunoglobulin Y - IgY) from leghorn chickens. Methods IgY in egg yolk from white leghorn chicken previously injected with T. albolabris venom was extracted by water, precipitated by ammonium sulfate and purified by affinity chromatographic system. IgY was identified by SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot, and its neutralizing assay was conducted on mice. Results Chickens injected multiple times with T. albolabris venom elicited strong antibody responses, and from their egg yolk IgY was isolated and purified, which exhibited a single protein band on SDS-PAGE and two bands (about 65 and 35 kDa, respectively) under reduced conditions. Immunoblot analysis revealed that these IgY are polyclonal antibodies since they bind with most venom components. In the neutralizing assay, all mice survived while the ratios of IgY/venom reached up to 3.79 (50.0 mg/13.2 mg). Conclusions IgY antibody response was successfully conducted in white leghorn chicken injected with T. albolabrisvenom. IgY against T. albolabris venom was obtained for the first time, and it exhibited strong neutralizing potency on mice. These results may lay a foundation for the development of IgY antivenom with clinical applications in the future.

Anti-Trimeresurus albolabris venom IgY antibodies: preparation, purification and neutralization efficacy

Background Snakebite incidence in southwestern China is mainly attributed to one of the several venomous snakes found in the country, the white-lipped green pit viper Trimeresurus albolabris. Since antivenom produced from horses may cause numerous clinical side effects, the present study was conducted aiming to develop an alternative antivenom antibody (immunoglobulin Y - IgY) from leghorn chickens. Methods IgY in egg yolk from white leghorn chicken previously injected with T. albolabris venom was extracted by water, precipitated by ammonium sulfate and purified by affinity chromatographic system. IgY was identified by SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot, and its neutralizing assay was conducted on mice. Results Chickens injected multiple times with T. albolabris venom elicited strong antibody responses, and from their egg yolk IgY was isolated and purified, which exhibited a single protein band on SDS-PAGE and two bands (about 65 and 35 kDa, respectively) under reduced conditions. Immunoblot analysis revealed that these IgY are polyclonal antibodies since they bind with most venom components. In the neutralizing assay, all mice survived while the ratios of IgY/venom reached up to 3.79 (50.0 mg/13.2 mg). Conclusions IgY antibody response was successfully conducted in white leghorn chicken injected with T. albolabrisvenom. IgY against T. albolabris venom was obtained for the first time, and it exhibited strong neutralizing potency on mice. These results may lay a foundation for the development of IgY antivenom with clinical applications in the future.(AU)