ABSTRACT
Three new limonoids, rubescins A-C (1-3), and three known compounds including, havanensin type limonoid TS3 (4), ß-sitosterol, and stigmasterol were isolated from the root bark of Trichilia rubescens. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analyses, particularly one dimensional (1D)- and 2D-NMR techniques in conjunction with mass spectrometry. Rubescins A-C (1-3) and limonoid TS3 (4) were evaluated for their protective effects against oxidative stress induced in HC-04 cells by H2O2. Compound (1) showed strong inhibitory effects on lactase dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, being as active (IC50 value of 0.0026 µM) as the positive control quercetin (IC50 value of 0.0030 µM).
Subject(s)
Limonins/chemistry , Meliaceae/chemistry , Protective Agents/chemistry , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Survival/drug effects , Humans , Hydrogen Peroxide/toxicity , Limonins/isolation & purification , Limonins/pharmacology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry , Meliaceae/metabolism , Molecular Conformation , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Bark/chemistry , Plant Bark/metabolism , Plant Roots/chemistry , Plant Roots/metabolism , Protective Agents/isolation & purification , Protective Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Febrifuquinone (1), a new vismione-anthraquinone coupled pigment and a new bianthrone named adamabianthrone (2), were isolated respectively, from the roots of Psorospermum febrifugum and from the bark of Psorospermum adamauense along with eight known compounds including: two bianthrones [(bianthrone A(1) (3) and bianthrone A(2b)], one vismione [(vismione D (4)], one anthrone (3-geranyloxyemodin anthrone) and four anthraquinones [(1,8-dihydroxy-3-isoprenyloxy-6-methylanthraquinone, emodin (5), 3-geranyloxy-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone and 2-geranyl-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone]. Their structures were determined using modern spectroscopic methods including one and two dimensional-NMR techniques as well as MS. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant antimicrobial activities against a wide range of bacteria and fungi.